Abstract:
A double photomask includes two complementary pattern layers respectively formed on each surface of a transparent substrate. A full pattern is a combined pattern of these two complementary pattern layers. These two complementary pattern layers are formed separately on the different surfaces. The double-sided photomask also includes a shifter layer for a phase shifting mask.
Abstract:
A phase-shifting mask (PSM) is provided for use in a photolithographic process in semiconductor fabrications. The phase-shifting mask includes a quartz plate and a plurality of mask pieces located at predefined locations over said quartz plate. Each of said mask pieces includes a semi-transparent masking layer formed on said quartz plate and a semi-transparent phase-shifting layer formed on the periphery of said semi-transparent masking layer. The phase-shifting mask has the benefits of facilitating auto generation of the mask patterns thereon through computer graphic means and increasing the resolution and contrast of the pattern definition in the photolithographic process.
Abstract:
A phase-shifting mask (PSM) structure and a method for fabricating the same are provided. The PSM structure includes a quartz substrate and a shifter layer formed over said quartz substrate, each shifter layer being formed with a first thickness of specific value to serve as the blinding portion of the PSM and a second thickness of specific value to serve as the phase-shifting portion of the PSM. The shifter layer of two different thicknesses can be used to replace the conventional chromium layer to provide the desired blinding and phase shifting effects of the PSM.
Abstract:
An apparatus, system and method to compensate for the proximity effects in the imaging of patterns in a photolithography process. A light exposure of a photoresist layer is effectuated in predetermined patterns through an exposure mask having light-transmissive openings in correspondence to the predetermined patterns. The exposure mask has areas densely populated with the light-transmissive openings and areas sparsely populated with the light-transmissive openings. Light is attenuated through the densely populated light-transmissive openings by a different amount than through the sparsely populated light-transmissive openings.
Abstract:
There is a grain phenomenon issue of rough sidewall for patterning. Thus, imprecise grain profiles would be observed. As the critical dimensions of integrated circuit microelectronics fabrication device have decreased, the effect of grain phenomenon have become more pronounced. A profile improvement method with a thermal-compressive material and a thermal-compressive process is provided to solve the grain phenomenon issue for baseline of 0.09 um generation and beyond. With this material, the profile can be improved no matter in top view or lateral view. Furthermore, there are 0.1 um IDOF improvement and better physical etching performance.
Abstract:
A novel immersion medium for immersion lithography is provided. The immersion medium is introduced to fill a gap in between a front surface of a projection lens of a stepper and a top surface of a photoresist layer coated on a substrate positioned on a wafer stage. The present invention is characterized in that the immersion medium has a pH value matching that of the photoresist layer in order to prevent effects caused by photo acid generator (PAG) leaching from the photoresist layer to the immersion medium during exposure.
Abstract:
A method for fabricating a mask is provided. A patterned sacrificial layer is formed over a mask material layer, and the patterned sacrificial layer has an etch selectivity different from that of the mask material layer. An isotropic etch process is performed to the mask material layer by using the patterned sacrificial layer as an etch mask to form a mask layer, wherein the dimension of the mask layer is smaller than that of the patterned sacrificial layer.
Abstract:
A method of forming at least one wire on a substrate comprising at least one conductive region is provided. AnAn insulatingayer is disposed on the substrate. The method includes forming a hard mask layer on the insulating layer followed by forming at least one recess by removing portions of the hard mask layer and the insulating layer, forming a light blocking layer on the hard mask layer and the recess, and the light blocking layer and the hard mask layer forming a composite layer, forming a gap filling layer filling up the recess on the light blocking layer, forming a photoresist layer on the gap filling layer, aligning a photo mask with the recess by utilizing the composite layer as a mask, and performing an exposure/development process to form at least one pattern above the recess in the photoresist layer.
Abstract:
A dual phase shifting mask (PSM)/double exposure lithographic process for manufacturing a shrunk semiconductor device. A semiconductor wafer having a photoresist layer coated thereon is provided. A first phase shift mask is disposed over the semiconductor wafer and implementing a first exposure process to expose the photoresist layer to light transmitted through the first phase shift mask so as to form a latent pattern comprising a peripheral unexposed line pattern in the photoresist layer. The first phase shift mask is then replaced with a second phase shift mask and implementing a second exposure process to expose the photoresist layer to light transmitted through the second phase shift mask so as to remove the peripheral unexposed line pattern.
Abstract:
A method for shrinking critical dimension of semiconductor devices includes forming a first pattern of a photoresist layer on a semiconductor device layer, by performing a blanket exposing process to expose the photoresist layer and the exposed semiconductor device layer to light having a wavelength that can be absorbed by the photoresist layer to provide the photoresist layer with a predetermined energy per unit area, thereby producing photo generated acids therein. A first thermal process is performed to diffuse the photo-generated acids formed within the photoresist layer and to equalize glass transition temperature (Tg) of the photoresist layer. A second thermal process is thereafter carried out. The first thermal process is carried out under a temperature lower than Tg of the photoresist layer.