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公开(公告)号：US20110201739A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-18
申请号：US13004732
申请日：2011-01-11
申请人： Gary W. Beall
发明人： Gary W. Beall
CPC分类号： C07C37/002 , B82Y30/00 , B82Y40/00 , C01B32/184 , C07C2603/54 , C08K5/053 , C07C39/12
摘要： This disclosure includes a process that unexpectedly can produce very inexpensive graphene and a new compound called graphenol in particulate or dispersions in solvents. The process can also produce graphene layers on metallic and nonmetallic substrates. Further, the graphenol and graphene can be utilized to form nanocomposites that yield property improvements exceeding anything reported previously.
摘要翻译： 该公开内容包括意外地可以生产非常便宜的石墨烯和称为石墨烯的新化合物的方法，其在溶剂中的颗粒或分散体中。 该工艺还可以在金属和非金属基底上生产石墨烯层。 此外，可以利用石墨烯和石墨烯来形成纳米复合材料，其产生超过以前报道的任何物质改进。
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公开(公告)号：US20100040653A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-18
申请号：US11667424
申请日：2005-12-02
摘要： An intercalated layered silicate comprises a layered silicate and an intercalating agent sorbed between the silicate layers of the layered silicate. The amount of intercalating agent is effective to provide an average interlayer spacing between the silicate layers of at least about 20 Å. The intercalating agent has a formula selected from formulas I through VII described herein. The intercalated layered silicate may be exfoliated by mixing it with a matrix medium and adding sufficient energy to form a dispersed-particle composition. A packaging film, such as a food packaging film, may comprise the dispersed-particle composition
摘要翻译： 嵌层的层状硅酸盐包括层状硅酸盐和吸附在层状硅酸盐的硅酸盐层之间的嵌入剂。 嵌入剂的量有效地提供至少约为的硅酸盐层之间的平均层间距。 插层剂具有选自本文所述的式I至VII的式。 插层的层状硅酸盐可以通过将其与基质介质混合并加入足够的能量以形成分散颗粒组合物而被剥离。 包装膜，例如食品包装膜，可以包含分散颗粒组合物
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33.发明授权Intercalates and exfoliates formed with monomeric ethers and esters; composite materials containing same methods of modifying rheology therewith 失效用单体醚和酯形成的插层和去角质; 含有与其一起改性流变性的相同方法的复合材料公开(公告)号：US06287634B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-11
申请号：US08577700
申请日：1995-12-22
IPC分类号： B05D700
摘要： Intercalates formed by contacting a layered material, e.g., a phyllosilicate, with an intercalant monomer ether and/or ester to sorb or intercalate the intercalant monomer between adjacent platelets of the layered material. Sufficient intercalant monomer is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to a spacing of at least about 5 Å (as measured after water removal to a maximum of 5% by weight water), up to about 100 Å and preferably in the range of about 10-45 Å, so that the intercalate easily can be exfoliated into individual platelets. The intercalated complex can be combined with an organic liquid into a viscous carrier material, for delivery of the carrier material, or for delivery of an active compound; or the intercalated complex can be combined with a matrix polymer to form a strong, filled polymer matrix. Alternatively, the intercalated complex can be exfoliated prior to combination with the organic liquid or the matrix polymer.
摘要翻译： 通过使层状材料（例如页硅酸盐）与嵌入单体醚和/或酯接触而形成的嵌入体，以在层状材料的相邻片晶之间吸附或插入插入剂单体。 在相邻的血小板之间吸附足够的嵌入剂单体以将相邻的血小板膨胀至至少约5埃的水平（在除水后测量为最多5重量％的水），至多约100埃，优选在 约10-45埃，使得插入物容易被剥离成单独的血小板。 插入的复合物可以与有机液体结合成粘性载体材料，用于递送载体材料或递送活性化合物; 或者插层的复合物可以与基质聚合物组合以形成强的，填充的聚合物基质。 或者，插入的复合物可以在与有机液体或基质聚合物组合之前被剥离。
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34.发明授权Intercalates and exfoliates formed with non-EVOH monomers, oligomers and polymers; and EVOH composite materials containing same 失效用非EVOH单体，低聚物和聚合物形成的插层和去角质; 和含有它的EVOH复合材料
公开(公告)号：US5844032A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-01
申请号：US761444
申请日：1996-12-06
IPC分类号： C01B33/44 , C08K3/34 , C08K7/00 , C08K9/04 , C08K9/08 , C08L29/02 , C08L29/04 , C08L39/06 , C08L71/00 , C08L71/02 , C11C5/00
CPC分类号： C08K9/08 , B82Y30/00 , C01B33/44 , C08K3/34 , C08K7/00 , C08K9/04 , C11C5/002 , C01P2002/74 , C01P2004/20 , C01P2004/54 , C01P2004/64
摘要： Nanocomposites are manufactured by combining an EVOH matrix polymer and exfoliated intercalates formed by contacting a phyllosilicate with a non-EVOH intercalant to adsorb or intercalate the intercalant between adjacent phyllosilicate platelets. Sufficient intercalant is adsorbed between adjacent phyllosilicate platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to a spacing of at least about 5 .ANG., preferably at least about 10 .ANG. (as measured after water removal), up to about 100 .ANG. and preferably in the range of about 30-40 .ANG., so that the intercalate easily can be exfoliated, e.g., when mixed with the EVOH matrix polymer melt, to provide an EVOH matrix polymer/platelet composite (nanocomposite) material that does not degrade the EVOH matrix polymer.
摘要翻译： 通过组合EVOH基质聚合物和通过使页硅酸盐与非EVOH插入剂接触形成的剥离的嵌入物来吸附或插入相邻的页硅酸盐片晶之间的插入剂来制造纳米复合材料。 在相邻的页硅酸盐血小板之间吸附足够的嵌入剂以将相邻的血小板膨胀至至少约5 ANGSTROM，优选至少约10 ANGSTROM（在除水后测量）的间隔，高达约100安培，优选在约30 -40 ANGSTROM，使得嵌入物容易被剥离，例如当与EVOH基质聚合物熔体混合时，提供不会降解EVOH基质聚合物的EVOH基质聚合物/片晶复合材料（纳米复合材料）材料。
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35.发明授权Compositions and methods for manufacturing waxes filled with intercalates and exfoliates formed with oligomers and polymers 失效用于制备填充有由低聚物和聚合物形成的插层和去角质的蜡的组合物和方法
公开(公告)号：US5837763A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-17
申请号：US582480
申请日：1996-01-03
申请人： Robert Matthew Ferraro , Charles Randolph Landis , Gary W. Beall , Semeon Tsipursky , Anatoliy Sorokin , Anatoliy Goldman
发明人： Robert Matthew Ferraro , Charles Randolph Landis , Gary W. Beall , Semeon Tsipursky , Anatoliy Sorokin , Anatoliy Goldman
CPC分类号： A61K8/26 , A61Q5/04 , B82Y30/00 , C01B33/44 , C08K3/34 , C08K7/00 , C08K9/04 , C08K9/08 , C11C5/002 , A61K2800/56 , C01P2002/74 , C01P2004/20 , C01P2004/54 , C01P2004/64
摘要： Compositions and methods that include a wax, in an amount of about 20% to about 99.95% by weight, containing an intercalate, or exfoliate thereof, in an amount of about 0.05% to about 80% by weight of the composition formed by contacting a layered phyllosilicate with an oligomer and/or polymer to sorb or intercalate the intercalant polymer or mixtures of intercalant polymers between adjacent phyllosilicate platelets. Sufficient intercalant polymer is sorbed between adjacent phyllosilicate platelets to expand the spacing between adjacent platelets (interlayer spacing) to a distance of at least about 5 .ANG., preferably to at least about 10 .ANG. (as measured after water removal) and more preferably in the range of about 30-45 .ANG., so that the intercalate easily can be exfoliated, sometimes naturally, without shearing being necessary.
摘要翻译： 组合物和方法，其包含约20％至约99.95％重量的蜡，其含量为所述组合物的约0.05重量％至约80重量％，所述组合物或其剥离物通过使 层状页硅酸盐与低聚物和/或聚合物吸附或插入相邻页硅酸盐片剂之间的插入聚合物或插入剂聚合物的混合物。 在相邻的页硅酸盐片段之间吸附足够的嵌入聚合物以将相邻片晶之间的间隔（层间距）扩展至至少约5安培的距离，优选至少约10安培（在除水后测量），更优选在范围内 约30-45安士，所以插入物很容易被剥离，有时自然而不需要剪切。
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36.发明授权Intercalates and exfoliates formed with hydroxyl-functional; polyhydroxyl-functional; and aromatic compounds; composites materials containing same and methods of modifying rheology therewith 失效插层和去角质形成羟基官能团; 多羟基官能团 和芳香族化合物; 含有相同材料的复合材料以及改性流变性的方法
公开(公告)号：US5830528A
公开(公告)日：1998-11-03
申请号：US654648
申请日：1996-05-29
摘要： Intercalates formed by contacting a layered material, e.g., a phyllosilicate, with an intercalant monomer having a hydroxyl and/or an aromatic ring functionality to sorb or intercalate the intercalant monomer between adjacent platelets of the layered material. Sufficient intercalant monomer is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to a spacing of at least about 5 .ANG. (as measured after water removal to a maximum of 5% by weight water), up to about 100 .ANG. and preferably in the range of about 10-45 .ANG., so that the intercalate easily can be exfoliated into individual platelets. The intercalated complex can be combined with an organic liquid into a viscous carrier material, for delivery of the carrier material, or for delivery of an active compound; or the intercalated complex can be combined with a matrix polymer to form a strong, filled polymer matrix. Alternatively, the intercalated complex can be exfoliated prior to or after combination with the organic liquid or the matrix polymer.
摘要翻译： 通过使分层材料例如页硅酸盐与具有羟基和/或芳环官能团的嵌入剂单体接触形成的嵌入体，以在分层材料的相邻片晶之间吸附或插入插入剂单体。 在相邻的血小板之间吸附足够的嵌入剂单体以将相邻的血小板膨胀至至少约5 ANGSTROM（水除去后测量到最多5％（重量）水）的间隔，最高达约100安培，最好在 约10-45安士，使得插入物容易被剥离成单独的血小板。 插入的复合物可以与有机液体结合成粘性载体材料，用于递送载体材料或递送活性化合物; 或者插层的复合物可以与基质聚合物组合以形成强的，填充的聚合物基质。 或者，插入的复合物可以在与有机液体或基质聚合物组合之前或之后剥离。
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37.发明授权Intercalates and exfoliates formed with monomeric carbonyl-functional organic compounds, including carboxylic and polycarboxylic acids; aldehydes; and ketones; composite materials containing same and methods of modifying rheology therewith 失效由单体羰基官能的有机化合物（包括羧酸和多元羧酸）形成的插层和去角质; 醛 和酮类 含有其的复合材料以及用其改性流变性的方法
公开(公告)号：US5804613A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-08
申请号：US577557
申请日：1995-12-22
摘要： Intercalates formed by contacting a layered material, e.g., a phyllosilicate, with an intercalant monomer carbonyl-functional compound and/or a carboxylic acid-functional compound to sorb or intercalate the intercalant monomer between adjacent platelets of the layered material. Sufficient intercalant monomer is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to a spacing of at least about 5 .ANG. (as measured after water removal to a maximum of 5% by weight water), up to about 100 .ANG. and preferably in the range of about 10-45 .ANG., so that the intercalate easily can be exfoliated into individual platelets. The intercalated complex can be combined with an organic liquid into a viscous carrier material, for delivery of the carrier material, or for delivery of an active compound; or the intercalated complex can be combined with a matrix polymer to form a strong, filled polymer matrix. Alternatively, the intercalated complex can be exfoliated prior to combination with the organic liquid or the matrix polymer.
摘要翻译： 通过使层状材料例如页硅酸盐与嵌入单体羰基官能化合物和/或羧酸官能化合物接触而形成的插层，以在层状材料的相邻片晶之间吸附或插入插入剂单体。 在相邻的血小板之间吸附足够的嵌入剂单体以将相邻的血小板膨胀至至少约5 ANGSTROM（水除去后测量到最多5％（重量）水）的间隔，最高达约100安培，最好在 约10-45安士，使得插入物容易被剥离成单独的血小板。 插入的复合物可以与有机液体结合成粘性载体材料，用于递送载体材料或递送活性化合物; 或者插层的复合物可以与基质聚合物组合以形成强的，填充的聚合物基质。 或者，插入的复合物可以在与有机液体或基质聚合物组合之前被剥离。
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38.发明授权Viscous carrier compositions, including gels, formed with an organic liquid carrier and a layered material:polymer complex 失效粘性载体组合物，包括由有机液体载体形成的凝胶和层状材料：聚合物复合物
公开(公告)号：US5721306A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-24
申请号：US525416
申请日：1995-09-08
IPC分类号： C01B33/44 , C08K3/34 , C08K7/00 , C08K9/04 , C08K9/08 , C11C5/00 , C08K5/05 , C08K5/06 , C08K5/10
CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 , A61K8/26 , A61Q5/04 , C01B33/44 , C08K3/34 , C08K7/00 , C08K9/04 , C08K9/08 , C11C5/002 , A61K2800/56 , C01P2002/74 , C01P2004/20 , C01P2004/54 , C01P2004/64
摘要： Intercalates formed by contacting the layer material, e.g., a phyllosilicate, with an intercalant polymer to sorb or intercalate the polymer between adjacent platelets of the layered material. Sufficient intercalant polymer is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to a spacing of at least about 50 .ANG. (as measured after water removal to a maximum of 5% by weight water), up to about 100 .ANG. and preferably in the range of about 10-45 .ANG., so that the intercalate easily can be exfoliated into individual platelets. The intercalated complex is combined with an organic liquid into an unexpectedly viscous carrier material, for delivery of the carrier material, or for delivery of an active compound, e.g., a pharmaceutical, or cosmetic, or lubricant, e.g., food guide lubricants dissolved or dispersed in the carrier material. Alternatively, the intercalated complex can be exfoliated prior to combination with the organic liquid.
摘要翻译： 通过使层状材料例如页硅酸盐与嵌入聚合物接触而形成的插层，以在层状材料的相邻片晶之间吸附或嵌入聚合物。 在相邻的血小板之间吸附足够的嵌入聚合物以使相邻的血小板膨胀至至少约50安培的水平（在除水至最多5重量％水之后测量），高达约100安培，优选在 约10-45安士，使得插入物容易被剥离成单独的血小板。 插入的络合物与有机液体结合成意外粘稠的载体材料，用于递送载体材料，或用于递送活性化合物，例如药物或化妆品或润滑剂，例如溶解或分散的食品导向剂润滑剂 在载体材料中。 或者，插入的复合物可以在与有机液体组合之前被剥离。
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39.发明授权Method and composition for achieving animal weight gain with mycotoxin-contaminated animal food 失效用真菌毒素污染的动物食物实现动物体重增加的方法和组成
公开(公告)号：US5639492A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-17
申请号：US372442
申请日：1995-01-13
申请人： Katherine R. Turk , Lawrie Music , Gary W. Beall
发明人： Katherine R. Turk , Lawrie Music , Gary W. Beall
CPC分类号： A23K20/28 , Y10S426/807
摘要： A method of increasing the nutritional value of mycotoxin-contaminated animal feed ingested by an animal by feeding the animal an acid-activated montmorillonite clay simultaneously with the mycotoxin-contaminated or ergot-contaminated animal feed. The acid-activated montmorillonite clay can be fed to the animal in any form, e.g., granular, powder, pellets and the like or can be admixed with other animal food or feed supplements, so long as the clay is present in the animal's stomach (digestive tract) at the same time as the mycotoxin-contaminated animal feed in an amount sufficient to absorb or adsorb mycotoxin from the digestive tract of the animal and thereby aid the animal in metabolic absorption of nutrients from the contaminated animal feed.
摘要翻译： 一种增加动物摄入的霉菌毒素污染的动物饲料的营养价值的方法，通过向动物喂食酸活化的蒙脱石粘土，同时与受真菌毒素污染或麦角污染的动物饲料同时进食。 酸活化的蒙脱石粘土可以以任何形式加入到动物中，例如粒状，粉末，丸粒等，或者可以与其它动物食品或饲料补充剂混合，只要粘土存在于动物的胃中（ 消化道），同时具有足以从动物消化道吸收或吸附霉菌毒素的量的真菌毒素污染的动物饲料，从而有助于动物代谢从受污染动物饲料中吸收营养物质。
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40.发明授权Intercalates and exfoliates formed with oligomers and polymers and composite materials containing same 失效用低聚物和聚合物形成的插层物和去角质物以及含有它们的复合材料
公开(公告)号：US5552469A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-03
申请号：US488264
申请日：1995-06-07
摘要： Exfoliated layered silicate material derived from intercalates formed by contacting the layer material, e.g., a phyllosilicate, with an intercalant polymer to sorb or intercalate the polymer between adjacent platelets of the layered material. Sufficient intercalant polymer is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to a spacing of at least about 10 .ANG. (as measured after water removal), up to about 100 .ANG. and preferably in the range of about 30-45 .ANG., so that the intercalate easily can be exfoliated, e.g., when mixed with a thermoplastic or thermosetting matrix polymer melt, to provide a matrix polymer/platelet nanocomposite material--the platelets being exfoliated from the intercalate.
摘要翻译： 衍生自通过使层状材料例如页硅酸盐与嵌入聚合物接触而形成的嵌层的剥离层状硅酸盐材料在分层材料的相邻片晶之间吸附或嵌入聚合物。 在相邻的血小板之间吸附足够的嵌入聚合物以将相邻的血小板膨胀至至少约10安培（除水后测量）的间隔，高达约100安培，优选在约30-45安培的范围内， 插入物容易被剥离，例如当与热塑性或热固性基质聚合物熔体混合时，提供基质聚合物/血小板纳米复合材料 - 血小板从插层中剥离。
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