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    Separation of liquid mixtures by concentration swing adsorption
    35.
    发明授权
    Separation of liquid mixtures by concentration swing adsorption 失效
    通过浓度变化吸附分离液体混合物

    公开(公告)号：US5026482A

    公开(公告)日：1991-06-25

    申请号：US412961

    申请日：1989-09-26

    申请人： Shivaji Sircar

    发明人： Shivaji Sircar

    IPC分类号： B01D15/00

    CPC分类号： B01D15/00 ,  B01D15/1871

    摘要： The present invention is a concentration swing adsorption process for separating a liquid phase feedstock comprising a more adsorbable component (A) and a less adsorbable component (B) with respect to an adsorbent. The process is operated in a system comprising a single or a plurality of adsorption columns containing the adsorbent which are operated in cycle in a predetermined sequence. The following operational steps are performed in the order recited in each of the adsorption columns in its turn. Feedstock is passed through the adsorbent and the more adsorbable component (A) is selectively adsorbed while a stream enriched in component (B) is discharged from the adsorption column. The adsorbent is rinsed in a direction co-current to the feedstock with the more adsorbable component (A) whereby the less adsorbable component (B) is displaced from the adsorbent and a stream comprising a mixture of the more adsorbable component (A) and the less adsorbable component (B) is withdrawn from the adsorption column. The adsorbent is rinsed with a liquid desorbent (D) whereby the more adsorbable component (A) and the less adsorbable component (B) are displaced from the adsorbent and a stream comprising the more adsorbable component (A) is withdrawn from the adsorbent bed. Mixtures containing the desorbent (D) and either component (A) or component (B) are easily separable by simple distillation and the separated desorbent (D) is recycled. The invention provides an energy efficient process for separating mixtures containing an azeotrope, close-boiling components or temperature-sensitive components which are very difficult to separate using conventional techniques.

    Ammonia synthesis
    36.
    发明授权
    Ammonia synthesis 失效
    氨合成

    公开(公告)号：US4792441A

    公开(公告)日：1988-12-20

    申请号：US145782

    申请日：1988-01-19

    申请人： Shoou-I Wang ,  Nitin M. Patel ,  Shivaji Sircar ,  Rodney J. Allam

    发明人： Shoou-I Wang ,  Nitin M. Patel ,  Shivaji Sircar ,  Rodney J. Allam

    IPC分类号： C01B3/02 ,  C01C1/04

    CPC分类号： C01B3/025

    摘要： An ammonia synthesis gas mixture comprised of substantially pure hydrogen and nitrogen in approximately 3/1 molar ratio is obtained form two stage reforming of a methane-rich hydrocarbon charge such as natural gas. About 40% of the fresh natural gas is charged to primary steam reforming and the obtained primary reformate product, containing about 17 volume percent of unreacted methane, is mixed with the other 60% of the fresh natural gas and the mixture is subjected to oxidative reforming with enriched air containing 30 to 35 of O.sub.2, said enriched air being supplied in an amount to produce a secondary reformate containing principally hydrogen and nitrogen, accompanied by a minor amount of oxides of carbon (CO and CO.sub.2). The secondary reformate subjected to shift reaction with steam results in conversion of contained CO to CO.sub.2, thereby releasing hydrogen in an amount which together with the hydrogen previously present in said reformate obtains a H.sub.2 /N.sub.2 molar ratio of about 3/1. Carbon dioxide is removed and recovered from the shift reaction product by pressure swing adsorption in a first adsorbent bed. The other contaminants remaining are largely removed by further adsorption in second adsorbent bed in flow-communication with the first bed, the unadsorbed effluent being a syngas mixture consisting essentially of hydrogen and nitrogen in stoichiometric ratio for production of NH.sub.3.

    摘要翻译： 由大量为3/1摩尔比的基本上纯的氢气和氮气组成的氨合成气混合物是由天然气等富含甲烷的碳氢化合物装置的两级重整得到的。 将约40％的新鲜天然气装入一次蒸汽重整，将得到的含有约17体积％未反应甲烷的初级重整产物与另外60％的新鲜天然气混合，并将混合物进行氧化重整 含有30至35个O 2的富集空气，所述富集空气的供应量以生产主要为氢和氮的二次重整产物，伴随着少量的碳氧化物（CO和CO 2）。 与蒸汽进行转化反应的二次重整产物导致所含CO转化为CO 2，从而释放氢，其量与先前存在于所述重整产物中的氢一起获得约3/1的H 2 / N 2摩尔比。 通过第一吸附床中的变压吸附除去二氧化碳并从变换反应产物中回收。 残留的其他污染物通过在与第一床流动连通的第二吸附剂床中进一步吸附大部分被除去，未吸附的流出物是基本上由氢和氮组成的合成气混合物，其化学计量比用于生产NH 3。

    Fractionation of multicomponent gas mixtures by pressure swing adsorption
    37.
    发明授权
    Fractionation of multicomponent gas mixtures by pressure swing adsorption 失效
    通过变压吸附分馏多组分气体混合物

    公开(公告)号：US4790858A

    公开(公告)日：1988-12-13

    申请号：US149808

    申请日：1988-01-29

    申请人： Shivaji Sircar

    发明人： Shivaji Sircar

    IPC分类号： B01D53/047 ,  B01D53/04

    CPC分类号： B01D53/0476 ,  B01D2253/102 ,  B01D2253/104 ,  B01D2253/106 ,  B01D2253/108 ,  B01D2256/16 ,  B01D2256/22 ,  B01D2257/502 ,  B01D2257/504 ,  B01D2257/7025 ,  B01D2259/40001 ,  B01D2259/40015 ,  B01D2259/4003 ,  B01D2259/40032 ,  B01D2259/40052 ,  B01D2259/40062 ,  B01D2259/40066 ,  B01D2259/40067 ,  B01D2259/40081 ,  B01D2259/402 ,  B01D2259/403 ,  B01D2259/4062 ,  B01D2259/4146 ,  Y02C10/08 ,  Y02C20/20

    摘要： Multicomponent gas mixtures containing (1) hydrogen as a primary component, (2) a secondary key component that is more strongly sorbed by the adsorbent than hydrogen and (3) a minor quantity of one or more dilute components less strongly sorbed than the secondary key component, are subjected to selective adsorption in an integrated adiabatic pressure swing adsorption (PSA) system having three groups of adsorbent columns interconnected for controlled series gas flow from a selected column of one group to a selected column of another group. In the disclosed example, directed to treatment of a shift converter effluent from a hydrocarbon reforming plant, contained carbon dioxide is selectively adsorbed in and recovered from a column of the first group. The minor dilute components (such as CH.sub.4 and/or CO) are retained by adsorption in a column of the second group, thus permitting recovery therefrom of unsorbed high purity hydrogen. By depressurizing and purging of the impurity-laden column of the second group with high purity hydrogen, an effluent stream is obtained, comprised of hydrogen and desorbed minor components. This stream is passed through a column of the third group wherein the contained minor components are sorbed and a further amount of high purity hydrogen is recovered as effluent.

    摘要翻译： 含有（1）氢作为主要组分的多组分气体混合物，（2）吸附剂比氢气更强吸附的次要组分，和（3）少量的一种或多种稀释组分，比次要键弱吸附 在具有三组吸附柱的综合绝热变压吸附（PSA）系统中进行选择性吸附，所述三组吸附柱互相连接用于从一组的选定列到另一组的选定列的受控串联气流。 在所公开的实施例中，涉及处理来自烃重整装置的含有二氧化碳的转化器流出物的处理选择性地吸附在第一组的塔中并从第一组的塔中回收。 少量稀释的组分（如CH4和/或CO）通过吸附在第二组的塔中而保留，从而允许从其中回收未吸收的高纯度氢。 通过用高纯度氢气对第二组的杂质负载柱进行减压和吹扫，获得由氢气和解吸的次要组分组成的流出物流。 该物流通过第三组的柱，其中所含的次要组分被吸附，并且另外量的高纯度氢被回收为流出物。

    PSA process for removal of bulk carbon dioxide from a wet high-temperature gas
    39.
    发明授权
    PSA process for removal of bulk carbon dioxide from a wet high-temperature gas 失效
    用于从湿式高温气体中去除体积二氧化碳的PSA方法

    公开(公告)号：US06322612B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-11-27

    申请号：US09471982

    申请日：1999-12-23

    申请人： Shivaji Sircar ,  Catherine Marie Anne Golden

    发明人： Shivaji Sircar ,  Catherine Marie Anne Golden

    IPC分类号： B01D58047

    CPC分类号： B01D53/047 ,  B01D53/0423 ,  B01D2257/504 ,  B01D2259/40062 ,  B01D2259/40064 ,  B01D2259/40079 ,  B01D2259/40081 ,  B01D2259/403 ,  Y02C10/08 ,  Y02C20/20

    摘要： A pressure or vacuum swing adsorption process and apparatus are used for the separation and recovery of certain gaseous components, such as carbon dioxide from hot gas mixtures containing water vapor. The process comprises introducing the feed gas mixture at an elevated temperature into a feed end of an adsorber column containing an adsorbent. The adsorbent preferentially adsorbs at least one adsorbable component. An adsorber effluent, depleted of the at least one adsorbable component, is withdrawn from a product end of the adsorber column. The adsorber column is depressurized below atmospheric pressure and then purged with steam to withdraw an effluent comprising a mixture of the at least one adsorbable component and H2O. Next, the adsorber column is pressurized by introducing a gas that is depleted of the at least one adsorbable component. The steps are repeated in a cyclic manner.

    摘要翻译： 压力或真空变压吸附过程和装置用于从含有水蒸气的热气体混合物中分离和回收某些气体组分，例如二氧化碳。 该方法包括将进料气体混合物在升高的温度下引入含有吸附剂的吸附塔的进料端。 吸附剂优先吸附至少一种可吸附组分。 从吸附塔的产物末端排出耗尽至少一种可吸附组分的吸附剂流出物。 将吸附塔在低于大气压下减压，然后用蒸汽吹扫以排出包含至少一种可吸附组分和H 2 O的混合物的流出物。 接下来，通过引入耗尽至少一种可吸附组分的气体对吸附塔进行加压。 以循环方式重复这些步骤。

    Operation of staged adsorbent membranes
    40.
    发明授权
    Operation of staged adsorbent membranes 失效
    分级吸附膜的操作

    公开(公告)号：US5753011A

    公开(公告)日：1998-05-19

    申请号：US785497

    申请日：1997-01-17

    申请人： Shivaji Sircar ,  David Joseph Parrillo

    发明人： Shivaji Sircar ,  David Joseph Parrillo

    IPC分类号： B01D53/22 ,  B01D53/047

    CPC分类号： B01D53/225

    摘要： A staged adsorbent membrane system is operated to separate a gas mixture wherein more strongly adsorbed secondary components preferentially adsorb and permeate through the adsorbent membrane in the first stage. Less strongly adsorbed primary components are recovered therefrom in a nonpermeate gas product stream. Preferably two stages are utilized wherein the permeate gas from the first stage is introduced into the second stage and the nonpermeate gas from the second stage is recycled to the first stage as additional feed gas to increase the overall recovery and/or purity of the nonpermeate gas product. The two-stage membrane system is operated such that the ratio of the recovery of the primary component in the first stage to the recovery of the primary component in the second stage is less than about 1.0. The method is particularly useful for the recovery of hydrogen from hydrogen-containing gas mixtures.

    摘要翻译： 操作分级的吸附膜系统以分离气体混合物，其中在第一阶段中更强吸附的次要组分优先吸附并渗透通过吸附膜。 在非渗透气体产物流中从其中回收较不吸附的主要组分。 优选使用两个阶段，其中来自第一阶段的渗透气体被引入第二阶段，并且来自第二阶段的非渗透气体被再循环到第一阶段作为另外的进料气体以增加非渗透气体的总回收率和/或纯度 产品。 操作两级膜系统使​​得第一阶段中的主要组分的回收率与第二阶段中的主要组分的回收率之比小于约1.0。 该方法特别适用于从含氢气体混合物中回收氢气。