公开(公告)号：US20080163680A1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-10

申请号：US12052204

申请日：2008-03-20

Applicant: Rocco DiFoggio

Inventor： Rocco DiFoggio

IPC: E21B49/08 ,  G01V1/40

CPC classification number: E21B49/10 ,  E21B49/081 ,  G01N1/14 ,  G01N9/002 ,  G01N9/24 ,  G01N29/024 ,  G01N29/227 ,  G01N2291/02818 ,  G01N2291/02872 ,  G01N2291/044

Abstract: Techniques for evaluating physical aspects of a formation fluid from within a wellbore include changing at least one of a pressure on and a temperature of a sample of the formation fluid and transmitting at least one acoustic pulse through the fluid sample and analyzing acoustic information collected. Apparatus and methods for the evaluating involve using at least one acoustic transducer. Analyzing typically involves use of formulae that relate equation (s) of state and other properties for the fluid to a change in the sound speed in the fluid.

Abstract translation: 用于从井筒内部评估地层流体的物理方面的技术包括改变地层流体样本的压力和温度中的至少一个，并且通过流体样本传送至少一个声脉冲并分析收集的声学信息。 用于评估的装置和方法包括使用至少一个声换能器。 分析通常涉及将流体的状态和其他性质的方程式与流体中的声速的变化相关联的公式的使用。

公开(公告)号：US20070284099A1

公开(公告)日：2007-12-13

申请号：US11450774

申请日：2006-06-09

Applicant: Rocco DiFoggio ,  Leroy W. Ledgerwood

Inventor： Rocco DiFoggio ,  Leroy W. Ledgerwood

IPC: E21B49/08

CPC classification number: E21B49/08 ,  E21B49/10

Abstract: In one embodiment an apparatus is disclosed that includes a tool in a wellbore. A probe is extendable from the tool to contact a wall of a formation surrounding the wellbore. A tube substantially surrounds the probe wherein the tube is extendable into the formation surrounding the wellbore. In another embodiment a method for reducing contamination of a sample of a formation fluid is disclosed that includes extending a probe to contact a wall of a formation. A barrier tube that substantially surrounds the probe is extended into the formation thereby restricting a flow of a contaminated reservoir fluid that would otherwise come from near-wellbore regions above and below the probe from going toward the probe.

Abstract translation: 在一个实施例中，公开了一种在井眼中包括工具的装置。 探头可从工具延伸以接触围绕井眼的地层的壁。 管基本上围绕探针，其中管可延伸到围绕井眼的地层中。 在另一个实施方案中，公开了一种减少地层流体样品污染的方法，其包括使探针延伸以接触地层的壁。 基本上围绕探针的阻挡管延伸到地层中，从而限制污染的储存器流体的流动，否则污染的储存器流体将来自探针上方和下方的近井筒区域，以朝向探针。

公开(公告)号：US07299136B2

公开(公告)日：2007-11-20

申请号：US11207398

申请日：2005-08-19

Applicant: Rocco DiFoggio ,  Bernardo Pohl

Inventor： Rocco DiFoggio ,  Bernardo Pohl

IPC: G01N31/00

CPC classification number: E21B47/102 ,  E21B49/005 ,  G01N2035/00702 ,  G01V1/50

Abstract: The present invention provides method and apparatus for quantifying sample clean up in real time by providing curve-fitting measurements of optical or other physical properties of fluid downhole. Fluid is extracted from the formation surrounding a borehole. As fluid continues to be extracted the composition of the extracted fluid changes, altering the measured values of optical and physical properties of the fluid. Measurements are made of optical or physical properties of the sampled fluid, analysis is performed on the acquired measured data points.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了通过提供井下流体的光学或其它物理性质的曲线拟合测量来实时定量样品清理的方法和装置。 从围绕钻孔的地层中提取流体。 当流体继续被提取时，提取的流体的组成变化，改变流体的光学和物理性质的测量值。 测量采样流体的光学或物理性质，对获取的测量数据点进行分析。

公开(公告)号：US20070251296A1

公开(公告)日：2007-11-01

申请号：US11774997

申请日：2007-07-09

Applicant: Rocco DiFoggio

Inventor： Rocco DiFoggio

IPC: G01N37/00

CPC classification number: G01N29/036 ,  E21B49/081 ,  G01N2291/0256

Abstract: A formation fluid sample is exposed to a rigidly-supported semi-permeable membrane such as silicone rubber to permit diffusion of gases and vapors from the formation fluid into a vacuum chamber, while at the same time, blocking the passage of any liquids. The membrane-transmitted gas is analyzed in the vacuum chamber by a sorbent-coated resonator. The sorbent absorbs gas and changes the resonant frequency of the resonator to indicate the presence of a gas. An ion pump or sorbent is associated with the evacuated chamber to maintain the vacuum. The ion pump or sorbent removes gases and vapors from the chamber that diffuse into the chamber from the reservoir sample that is on the opposite side of the semi-permeable membrane.

Abstract translation: 地层流体样品暴露于刚性支撑的半透膜如硅橡胶，以允许气体和蒸汽从地层流体扩散到真空室中，同时阻止任何液体的通过。 通过吸附剂涂覆的谐振器在真空室中分析膜传输气体。 吸附剂吸收气体并改变谐振器的谐振频率以指示气体的存在。 离子泵或吸附剂与真空室相关联以维持真空。 离子泵或吸附剂从腔室中吸收气体和蒸汽，这些气体和蒸汽从半渗透膜相反侧的储层样品扩散到室内。

公开(公告)号：US07280214B2

公开(公告)日：2007-10-09

申请号：US10827948

申请日：2004-04-20

Applicant: Rocco DiFoggio ,  Arnold Walkow ,  Paul Bergren

Inventor： Rocco DiFoggio ,  Arnold Walkow ,  Paul Bergren

IPC: G01J3/51

CPC classification number: G01J3/433 ,  E21B47/102 ,  G01J3/0202 ,  G01J3/0262 ,  G01J3/0291 ,  G01J3/06 ,  G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/26 ,  G01J2003/1243 ,  G01N21/31 ,  G01N2021/3133 ,  G01N2021/3137 ,  G01N2021/317

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple, robust, and versatile high-resolution spectrometer that is suitable for downhole use. The present invention provides a method and apparatus incorporating a spinning, oscillating or stepping optical interference filter to change the angle at which light passes through the filters after passing through a sample under analysis downhole. As each filter is tilted, the color or wavelength of light passed by the filter changes. Black plates are placed between the filters to isolate each filter's photodiode. The spectrometer of the present invention is suitable for use with a wire line formation tester, such as the Baker Atlas Reservation Characterization Instrument to provide supplemental analysis and monitoring of sample clean up. The present invention is also suitable for deployment in a monitoring while drilling environment. The present invention provides a high resolution spectometer which enables quantification of a crude oil's percentage of aromatics, olefins, and saturates to estimate a sample's gas oil ratio (GOR). Gases such as CO2 are also detectable. The percentage of oil-based mud filtrate contamination in a crude oil sample can be estimated with the present invention by using a suitable training set and chemometrics, a neural network, or other type of correlation method.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种适用于井下使用的简单，坚固且通用的高分辨率光谱仪。 本发明提供了一种包括旋转，振荡或步进光学干涉滤光器的方法和装置，以改变在通过井下分析的样品之后光通过滤光器的角度。 当每个滤光片倾斜时，由滤光片传出的光线的颜色或波长发生变化。 过滤器之间放置黑色板，以隔离每个过滤器的光电二极管。 本发明的光谱仪适合与线形成测试仪一起使用，例如Baker Atlas Reservation Characterization Instrument，以提供对样品清理的补充分析和监测。 本发明也适用于在钻井环境中进行监视。 本发明提供了一种高分辨率光谱仪，其能够定量原油的芳烃，烯烃和饱和物的百分比，以估计样品的瓦斯油比（GOR）。 诸如CO 2 2之类的气体也是可检测的。 通过使用合适的训练集和化学计量学，神经网络或其他类型的相关方法，可以用本发明估算原油样品中油基泥浆滤液污染物的百分比。

公开(公告)号：US20070193351A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-23

申请号：US11358568

申请日：2006-02-21

Applicant: Rocco DiFoggio

Inventor： Rocco DiFoggio

IPC: E21B47/10 ,  E21B49/08

CPC classification number: E21B47/10

Abstract: In a particular embodiment, a method is disclosed for determining a source of a fluid downhole. The method includes deploying an ion selective sensor downhole, exposing the fluid to the ion selective sensor downhole, measuring an ion concentration at different places within the fluid and using that information to identify a source of the fluid from the ion concentration profile. In another particular embodiment, an apparatus is disclosed for estimating a source of a fluid. The apparatus contains a tool deployed in a well bore, an ion selective sensor in the tool, a processor in communication with the ion selective sensor and a memory for storing an output from the ion selective sensor.

Abstract translation: 在特定实施例中，公开了一种用于确定井下流体源的方法。 该方法包括在井下部署离子选择性传感器，将流体暴露于井下的离子选择性传感器，测量流体内不同位置处的离子浓度，并使用该信息从离子浓度分布中识别流体源。 在另一特定实施例中，公开了一种用于估计流体源的装置。 该装置包含部署在井眼中的工具，工具中的离子选择性传感器，与离子选择性传感器连通的处理器和用于存储来自离子选择性传感器的输出的存储器。

公开(公告)号：US20070081157A1

公开(公告)日：2007-04-12

申请号：US11592887

申请日：2006-11-03

Applicant: Sebastian Csutak ,  Rocco DiFoggio

Inventor： Sebastian Csutak ,  Rocco DiFoggio

IPC: G01J3/44 ,  G01N21/65

CPC classification number: G01V8/02 ,  G01N21/39

Abstract: The disclosure, in one aspect, provides a method for estimating a property of a fluid that includes: pumping an ultraviolet (UV) light into a fluid withdrawn from a formation downhole at a wavelength that produces light due to the Raman effect at wavelengths that are shorter than the substantial wavelengths of fluorescent light produced from the fluid; detecting a spectrum corresponding to the Raman effect light (“Raman spectrum”); and processing the detected Raman spectrum at one or more selected wavelengths to estimate a property of the fluid. In another aspect, the disclosure provides an apparatus that includes a laser that induces UV light at a selected wavelength into a fluid in a chamber, a detector that detects Raman scattered light at wavelengths shorter than the wavelengths of the fluorescent light scattered by the fluid, and a processor that analyzes a spectrum corresponding the Raman scattered light at a selected wavelength to estimate a property of the fluid.

Abstract translation: 在一方面，本公开提供了一种用于估计流体性质的方法，该方法包括：将紫外（UV）光泵浦到从井下地层中抽出的流体中，所述流体以波长为波长的波长产生光， 比从流体产生的荧光的实质波长短; 检测与拉曼光效应相对应的光谱（“拉曼光谱”）; 以及在一个或多个所选波长处理检测到的拉曼光谱以估计流体的性质。 在另一方面，本发明提供了一种装置，其包括将选定波长的紫外光诱导到室内的流体中的激光器;检测器，其检测波长短于被流体散射的荧光的波长的波长的散射光， 以及处理器，其分析对应于所选波长的拉曼散射光的光谱，以估计流体的性质。

公开(公告)号：US07196786B2

公开(公告)日：2007-03-27

申请号：US10836675

申请日：2004-04-30

Applicant: Rocco DiFoggio

Inventor： Rocco DiFoggio

IPC: G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01V5/08

CPC classification number: G01V8/02 ,  G01N21/39

Abstract: The present invention provides an down hole apparatus and method for ultrahigh resolution spectroscopy using a tunable diode laser (TDL) for analyzing a formation fluid sample downhole or at the surface to determine formation fluid parameters. In addition to absorption spectroscopy, the present invention can perform Raman spectroscopy on the fluid, by sweeping the wavelength of the TDL and detecting the Raman-scattered light using a narrow-band detector at a fixed wavelength. The spectrometer analyzes a pressurized well bore fluid sample that is collected downhole. The analysis is performed either downhole or at the surface onsite. Near infrared, mid-infrared and visible light analysis is also performed on the sample to provide an onsite surface or downhole analysis of sample properties and contamination level. The onsite and downhole analysis comprises determination of aromatics, olefins, saturates, gas oil ratio, API gravity and various other parameters which can be estimated by correlation, a trained neural network or a chemometric equation.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种使用可调谐二极管激光器（TDL）进行超高分辨率光谱测井的井下设备和方法，用于分析井下或地面处的地层流体样品以确定地层流体参数。 除了吸收光谱学以外，本发明可以通过扫描TDL的波长并使用窄波段检测器以固定波长检测拉曼散射光，从而对流体进行拉曼光谱。 光谱仪分析了井下采集的加压井眼液体样品。 分析在井下或现场表面进行。 还对样品进行近红外，中红外和可见光分析，以提供样品性质和污染水平的现场表面或井下分析。 现场和井下分析包括测定芳烃，烯烃，饱和物，瓦斯油比，API重力和可以通过相关性，训练有素的神经网络或化学计量方程估计的各种其他参数。

公开(公告)号：US07162918B2

公开(公告)日：2007-01-16

申请号：US11092016

申请日：2005-03-29

Applicant: Rocco DiFoggio ,  Arnold Walkow ,  Paul Bergren ,  Peter W. Reittinger

Inventor： Rocco DiFoggio ,  Arnold Walkow ,  Paul Bergren ,  Peter W. Reittinger

IPC: G01H3/04 ,  G01H3/14

CPC classification number: G01N33/24 ,  E21B49/10 ,  E21B2049/085 ,  G01N9/002 ,  G01N11/16 ,  G01N2009/006 ,  G01V3/32

Abstract: The present invention provides a downhole method and apparatus using a flexural mechanical resonator, for example, a tuning fork to provide real-time direct measurements and estimates of the viscosity, density and dielectric constant of formation fluid or filtrate in a hydrocarbon producing well. The present invention additionally provides a method and apparatus for monitoring cleanup from a leveling off of viscosity or density over time, measuring or estimating bubble point for formation fluid, measuring or estimating dew point for formation fluid, and determining the onset of asphaltene precipitation. The present invention also provides for intercalibration of plural pressure gauges used to determine a pressure differential downhole. A hard or inorganic coating is placed on the flexural mechanical resonator (such as a tuning fork) to reduce the effects of abrasion from sand particles suspended in the flowing fluid in which the flexural mechanical resonator is immersed.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种使用弯曲机械谐振器（例如音叉）的井下方法和装置，以提供实时直接测量和估算烃生产井中地层流体或滤液的粘度，密度和介电常数。 本发明另外提供了一种用于从随着时间的粘度或密度的平滑化来测量清理的方法和装置，测量或估计地层流体的起泡点，测量或估计地层流体的露点，以及确定沥青质沉淀的开始。 本发明还提供用于确定井下压力差的多个压力计的相互校准。 将硬质或无机涂层放置在弯曲机械谐振器（例如音叉）上，以减少悬浮在其中浸入弯曲机械谐振器的流动流体中的砂粒磨损的影响。

公开(公告)号：US07124596B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-24

申请号：US10847243

申请日：2004-05-17

Applicant: Rocco DiFoggio ,  Paul Bergren

Inventor： Rocco DiFoggio ,  Paul Bergren

IPC: F25D23/12

CPC classification number: E21B47/011 ,  E21B36/003 ,  E21B49/08

Abstract: A cooling system in which an electronic device or other component is cooled by using one or more solid sources of liquid vapor (such as polymeric absorbents, hydrates or desiccants that desorb water at comparatively low temperature) in conjunction with one or more high-temperature vapor sorbents or desiccants that effectively transfer heat from the component to the fluid in the wellbore. Depending on the wellbore temperature, desiccants are provided that release water at various high regeneration temperatures such as molecular sieve (220–250° C.), potassium carbonate (300° C.), magnesium oxide (800° C.) and calcium oxide (1000° C.). A solid water source is provided using a water-absorbent polymer, such as sodium polyacrylate. Heat transfer is controlled in part by a check valve selected to release water vapor at a selected vapor pressure.

Abstract translation: 一种冷却系统，其中电子装置或其它部件通过使用一种或多种液体蒸气固体源（例如聚合物吸收剂，在较低温度下解吸水的水合物或干燥剂）与一种或多种高温蒸气 有效地将热量从组分传递到井眼中的流体的吸附剂或干燥剂。 根据井筒温度，提供干燥剂，可以在各种高再生温度下分离水，如分子筛（220-250℃），碳酸钾（300℃），氧化镁（800℃）和氧化钙 （1000℃）。 使用吸水性聚合物如聚丙烯酸钠提供固体水源。 传热部分地由选定的止回阀控制以在选定的蒸汽压力下释放水蒸汽。