公开(公告)号：US07375808B2

公开(公告)日：2008-05-20

申请号：US11536120

申请日：2006-09-28

申请人： Sang H. Choi ,  Yeonjoon Park

发明人： Sang H. Choi ,  Yeonjoon Park

IPC分类号： G01J3/30 ,  G01N21/64

CPC分类号： G01J3/4406 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01N21/6402 ,  G01N21/6456

摘要： An optical method and system sense and identify a foreign particle in a gaseous environment. A light source generates light. An electrically-conductive sheet has an array of holes formed through the sheet. Each hole has a diameter that is less than one quarter of the light's wavelength. The sheet is positioned relative to the light source such that the light is incident on one face of the sheet. An optical detector is positioned adjacent the sheet's opposing face and is spaced apart therefrom such that a gaseous environment is adapted to be disposed therebetween. Alterations in the light pattern detected by the optical detector indicate the presence of a foreign particle in the holes or on the sheet, while a laser induced fluorescence (LIF) signature associated with the foreign particle indicates the identity of the foreign particle.

摘要翻译： 光学方法和系统感测并识别气态环境中的外来颗粒。 光源产生光。 导电片具有穿过片材形成的孔阵列。 每个孔的直径小于光的波长的四分之一。 片材相对于光源定位，使得光入射在片材的一个面上。 光学检测器被定位成邻近片材的相对面并且与之隔开，使得气体环境适于设置在它们之间。 由光学检测器检测到的光图案中的变化表明在空穴或片上存在异物，而与外来颗粒相关的激光诱导荧光（LIF）标记表示异物的身份。

公开(公告)号：US20080079938A1

公开(公告)日：2008-04-03

申请号：US11536120

申请日：2006-09-28

申请人： Sang H. Choi ,  Yeonjoon Park

发明人： Sang H. Choi ,  Yeonjoon Park

IPC分类号： G01J3/30 ,  G01N21/64

CPC分类号： G01J3/4406 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G01N21/6402 ,  G01N21/6456

摘要： An optical method and system sense and identify a foreign particle in a gaseous environment. A light source generates light. An electrically-conductive sheet has an array of holes formed through the sheet. Each hole has a diameter that is less than one quarter of the light's wavelength. The sheet is positioned relative to the light source such that the light is incident on one face of the sheet. An optical detector is positioned adjacent the sheet's opposing face and is spaced apart therefrom such that a gaseous environment is adapted to be disposed therebetween. Alterations in the light pattern detected by the optical detector indicate the presence of a foreign particle in the holes or on the sheet, while a laser induced fluorescence (LIF) signature associated with the foreign particle indicates the identity of the foreign particle.

摘要翻译： 光学方法和系统感测并识别气态环境中的外来颗粒。 光源产生光。 导电片具有穿过该片形成的孔阵列。 每个孔的直径小于光的波长的四分之一。 片材相对于光源定位，使得光入射在片材的一个面上。 光学检测器被定位成邻近片材的相对面并且与之隔开，使得气体环境适于设置在它们之间。 由光学检测器检测到的光图案中的变化表明在空穴或片上存在异物，而与外来颗粒相关的激光诱导荧光（LIF）标记表示异物的身份。

公开(公告)号：US07998368B2

公开(公告)日：2011-08-16

申请号：US12272826

申请日：2008-11-18

申请人： Jae-Woo Kim ,  Cheol Park ,  Sang H. Choi ,  Peter T. Lillehei ,  Joycelyn S. Harrison

发明人： Jae-Woo Kim ,  Cheol Park ,  Sang H. Choi ,  Peter T. Lillehei ,  Joycelyn S. Harrison

IPC分类号： H01B1/06

CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/174 ,  C01B2202/28 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/926 ,  Y10S977/746 ,  Y10S977/75 ,  Y10S977/752

摘要： Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are dispersed in an aqueous buffer solution consisting of at least 50 weight percent water and a remainder weight percent that includes a buffer material. The buffer material has a molecular structure defined by a first end, a second end, and a middle disposed between the first and second ends. The first end is a cyclic ring with nitrogen and oxygen heteroatomes, the middle is a hydrophobic alkyl chain, and the second end is a charged group.

摘要翻译： 碳纳米管（CNT）分散在由至少50重量％的水组成的缓冲水溶液中，其余的重量百分比包括缓冲材料。 缓冲材料具有由第一端，第二端和设置在第一端和第二端之间的中间限定的分子结构。 第一端是具有氮和氧的杂原子的环状环，中间是疏水性烷基链，第二端是带电基团。

公开(公告)号：US20090134362A1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-28

申请号：US12272826

申请日：2008-11-18

申请人： Jae-Woo Kim ,  Cheol Park ,  Sang H. Choi ,  Peter T. Lillehei ,  Joycelyn S. Harrison

发明人： Jae-Woo Kim ,  Cheol Park ,  Sang H. Choi ,  Peter T. Lillehei ,  Joycelyn S. Harrison

IPC分类号： H01B1/24

CPC分类号： B82Y30/00 ,  B82Y40/00 ,  C01B32/174 ,  C01B2202/28 ,  H01M4/92 ,  H01M4/926 ,  Y10S977/746 ,  Y10S977/75 ,  Y10S977/752

摘要： Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are dispersed in an aqueous buffer solution consisting of at least 50 weight percent water and a remainder weight percent that includes a buffer material. The buffer material has a molecular structure defined by a first end, a second end, and a middle disposed between the first and second ends. The first end is a cyclic ring with nitrogen and oxygen heteroatomes, the middle is a hydrophobic alkyl chain, and the second end is a charged group.

摘要翻译： 碳纳米管（CNT）分散在由至少50重量％的水组成的缓冲水溶液中，其余的重量百分比包括缓冲材料。 缓冲材料具有由第一端，第二端和设置在第一端和第二端之间的中间限定的分子结构。 第一端是具有氮和氧的杂原子的环状环，中间是疏水性烷基链，第二端是带电基团。

公开(公告)号：US20090136828A1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-28

申请号：US12272830

申请日：2008-11-18

申请人： Jae-Woo Kim ,  Peter T. Lillehei ,  Cheol Park ,  Sang H. Choi

发明人： Jae-Woo Kim ,  Peter T. Lillehei ,  Cheol Park ,  Sang H. Choi

IPC分类号： H01M4/02 ,  H01M4/88

CPC分类号： H01M4/8828 ,  H01M4/8807 ,  H01M4/9008 ,  H01M4/9083 ,  H01M8/16 ,  Y02E60/527

摘要： Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are mixed in an aqueous buffer solution that includes a buffer material having a molecular structure defined by a first end, a second end, and a middle disposed between the first and second ends. The first end is a cyclic ring with nitrogen and oxygen heteroatomes, the middle is a hydrophobic alkyl chain, and the second end is a charged group. The resulting solution includes the CNTs dispersed therein. Metal-core ferritins are then mixed into the resulting solution where at least a portion of the ferritins are coupled to the CNTs.

摘要翻译： 碳纳米管（CNT）在含有缓冲材料的缓冲水溶液中混合，所述缓冲材料具有由第一末端，第二末端以及设置在第一和第二末端之间的中间部分所限定的分子结构。 第一端是具有氮和氧的杂原子的环状环，中间是疏水性烷基链，第二端是带电基团。 所得溶液包括分散在其中的CNT。 然后将金属铁心蛋白混合到所得溶液中，其中至少一部分铁素体与CNT相连。

公开(公告)号：US20220108814A1

公开(公告)日：2022-04-07

申请号：US17492373

申请日：2021-10-01

申请人： Robert W Moses ,  Sang H. Choi

发明人： Robert W Moses ,  Sang H. Choi

IPC分类号： G21H1/10 ,  G21H1/04

摘要： A modified Nuclear Thermionic Avalanche Cell (NTAC) to reduce back-scatter losses of avalanche electrons emitted by a NTAC. The present invention provides a novel topological surface configuration for electron collector layers in NTAC devices. Sawtooth configurations of the surface configurations of electron collector layers allow for the recapture of back-scattered electrons, increasing the efficiency of NTAC devices as well as reducing thermal loading and increasing NTAC efficiency.

公开(公告)号：US20170268122A1

公开(公告)日：2017-09-21

申请号：US15463778

申请日：2017-03-20

申请人： Hyun Jung Kim ,  Sang H. Choi

发明人： Hyun Jung Kim ,  Sang H. Choi

IPC分类号： C30B23/08 ,  C23C14/34 ,  H01L21/02 ,  H01J37/32 ,  H01J37/34 ,  C30B29/52 ,  C23C14/18 ,  C23C14/35

CPC分类号： C30B23/08 ,  C23C14/06 ,  C23C14/3414 ,  C23C14/3428 ,  C23C14/35 ,  C30B23/005 ,  C30B23/06 ,  C30B29/52 ,  H01J37/32027 ,  H01J37/32082 ,  H01J37/32669 ,  H01J37/3405 ,  H01J37/3414 ,  H01J37/3426 ,  H01J37/3435 ,  H01J37/345 ,  H01J37/3497 ,  H01L21/0242 ,  H01L21/02532 ,  H01L21/02598 ,  H01L21/02631

摘要： Various embodiments provide Molten Target Sputtering (MTS) methods and devices. The various embodiments may provide increases in the kinetic energy, increases in the energy latency, and/or increases in the flux density of molecules for better crystal formation at low temperature operation. The various embodiment MTS methods and devices may enable the growth of a single crystal Si1-xGex film on a substrate heated to less than about 500° C. The various embodiment MTS methods and devices may provide increases in the kinetic energy, increases in the energy latency, and/or increases in the flux density of molecules without requiring the addition of extra systems.