摘要:
A fuel cell system and method of removing impurities from a catalyst are provided. The fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack comprising a pair of end plates and at least one unit cell. The unit cell contains a gas diffusion layer in contact with a membrane electrode assembly which is constructed of a polymer electrolyte membrane enclosed between two electrodes. The at least one unit cell is stacked between the end plates. The fuel cell system further comprises a voltage supply means and a means of impressing a cyclically varying voltage from the voltage supply means on the fuel cell stack. The cyclically varying voltage removes impurities that adhere to catalysts on the electrode surfaces in the fuel cell stack.
摘要:
A disk apparatus, e.g., a magnetic disk apparatus has a storage medium in the form of a disk which is rotated and accessed, and is designed so as to reduce the occurrence of scratches on the storage medium due to contact between the head and the storage medium while ensuring stable access to the disk-type storage medium. In addition to a main dowel which is provided on a suspension and which supports a magnetic head at a center of the same, an auxiliary dowel is provided on the suspension on the air outflow side relative to the main dowel to limit the tilt of the magnetic head at the time of loading.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a substrate for a magnetic recording medium that ensures a floating height on a magnetic head. This substrate is made of a sintered body provided with pores having a diameter in the range of 0.05 &mgr;m to 2.0 &mgr;m extending across 5% to 50% of the surface area of the substrate.
摘要:
In the air-conditioning system, a primary side to generate heat includes a heat storage and a heat source and produces cool or warm water using an inexpensive commercial power source such as a nighttime power source. A system collaboration unit is disposed between a motor to drive a water pump and a power source. The unit is connected to the motor via a cable. An output from the inverter is connected to the motor via a cable.
摘要:
A method to accurately evaluate a thermal cycle life of an article with a restraint rate as an evaluating parameter without providing a thermal cycle under actual service conditions to the article subjected to the thermal cycle. A thermal cycle of a temperature profile under evaluating conditions, is provided to the article, so that a temperature profile under actual service conditions and the temperature profile under the evaluating conditions satisfies the following condition expression, and the thermal cycle life of the article to be subjected to the thermal cycle under the actual service conditions is evaluated, based on the restraint rates determined in the temperature profile, |[t(x)−t0]/[t(x=i)−t0]−[T(x)−T0]/[T(x=i)−T0]|
摘要:
An optical pickup apparatus capable of reading information from recording media of different read wavelengths, includes a light-emitter having a first light source for emitting a first laser beam integrated with a second light source for emitting a second laser beam of a different wavelength from that of the first laser beam. The optical pickup apparatus includes a photodetector for receiving a beam reflected by each of the recording media and an optical system having a plurality of optical elements which form an optical path to guide the first and second laser beams to the recording media and which form an optical path for guiding the reflected beam to the photodetector and through which the first and second laser beams pass.
摘要:
A device for monitoring a sheet material which device is used for a conveying apparatus for conveying sheet materials along a prescribed conveying path, said device comprising: a photoelectric conversion element which has a linear detecting area and outputs values which varies in accordance with an amount of light received at the detecting area, the amount of light changing due to the passage of a sheet material along the conveying path; and recognizing means which recognizes a position of a transverse direction end portion of the sheet material on the basis of a value output by the photoelectric conversion element. By disposing the edge of one half portion of the detecting area of the photoelectric conversion element at a reference position of each sheet material such as a central position of the sheet materials, a change in a width of the sheet material and even a minute amount of meandering of the sheet material can be reliably detected, and the width and a type of the sheet material can be recognized.
摘要:
A closed-caption decoder which uses separate clock generators to produce the sampling frequencies for the clock run-in signal and the data portion of the closed-caption signal. Each of the clock generators generates its signal from a common 12 MHz reference clock signal. The timing of the sampling clock signal for the closed-caption data is advanced at the start of the sampling interval to reduce the total timing errors in the sampling of the closed-caption data. Additionally, the decoder can adaptively select one of four edges of the clock run-in signal to use as its synchronizing reference. Furthermore, the decoder may be adapted to recognize more than one start byte pattern.
摘要:
In an optical pick-up apparatus, light beam from a laser beam source is reflected by an optical element and is incident onto a disk. The optical pick-up apparatus comprises a support structure disposed in the optical element and making a deforming direction of the optical element caused by the support structure parallel or perpendicular to a track direction of the disk mirrored on the optical element. The support structure supports end edge portions of the optical element approximately opposed to each other in the parallel or perpendicular direction with respect to the track direction of the disk mirrored on the optical disk.
摘要:
A drip-type hot water feeder of a coffee maker incudes an electric heater for heating and boiling water fed from a water reservoir, and a timer for controlling the time for supplying an electric current to the heater to regulate the hot-water supply to a brewer. The timer has a manually movable control member for continuously variably setting the current supply time and a scale indicating the quantity of hot-water supply corresponding to the time set by the control member. Each mark of the scale has a predetermined width in the setting movement direction of the control member and includes a plurality of compensating indexes indicative of the adjustment of the control member necessary to compensate the set current supply time and thus the quantity of hot water to be supplied indicated by each mark for variations in cold water conditions influencing the time required for supplying a desired quantity of a hot water. The compensating indexes for each mark include a high-temperature index standard index and low-temperature index arranged successively in the direction of setting movement.