公开(公告)号：US20080195335A1

公开(公告)日：2008-08-14

申请号：US11705926

申请日：2007-02-14

申请人： John Richard DeSalvo ,  Geoffrey Lynn Burdge ,  Bruce W. FitzGerald ,  Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven ,  Peter Delfyett

发明人： John Richard DeSalvo ,  Geoffrey Lynn Burdge ,  Bruce W. FitzGerald ,  Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven ,  Peter Delfyett

IPC分类号： G06F19/00 ,  G01N21/47 ,  G02F1/01

CPC分类号： G01N21/3581 ,  G01N21/3504 ,  G01N21/49 ,  G01N21/94 ,  G01N2021/1795 ,  G02F2203/13

摘要： A method is provided for identifying a contaminant in a gaseous space. The method includes: generating a broadband optical waveform; shaping the optical waveform to match an expected waveform for a known contaminant; and transmitting the shaped optical waveform towards an unknown contaminant. Upon receiving a reflected optical waveform from the unknown contaminant, determining whether the unknown contaminant correlates to the known contaminant based on the reflected waveform.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于识别气体空间中的污染物的方法。 该方法包括：产生宽带光波形; 使光学波形成形以匹配已知污染物的期望波形; 并将成形的光波形传送到未知的污染物。 在从未知污染物接收到反射光波形时，基于反射波形确定未知污染物是否与已知污染物相关。

公开(公告)号：US07292792B2

公开(公告)日：2007-11-06

申请号：US10674722

申请日：2003-09-30

申请人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven

发明人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven

IPC分类号： H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H04B10/506 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/0298 ,  H04L27/2637 ,  H04L27/2653

摘要： A method for transmitting digital data includes splitting a coherent optical carrier having a subcarrier into mutually coherent optical carriers, producing corresponding sequences of phase shifts in each of the mutually coherent optical carriers, and then, interfering the mutually coherent optical carriers. The interfering produces an output optical carrier whose subcarrier has modulated inphase and quadrature components with a corresponding sequence of pairs of values. The pairs of values of the modulated inphase and quadrature phase components produced by the interfering correspond to a sequence of coordinate pairs for the signal points the 4-PSK 2D, 16-QAM 2D, or 16-PSK 2D constellation.

摘要翻译： 一种用于发送数字数据的方法包括将具有子载波的相干光载波划分为相互相干的光载波，在相互相干的光载波中产生相应的相移序列，然后干扰相互相干的光载波。 干扰产生一个输出光载波，其载波具有调制同相和正交分量以及对应的值对序列。 由干扰产生的调制同相和正交相位分量的值对对对应于用于信号的坐标对的序列指向4-PSK 2D，16-QAM 2D或16-PSK 2D星座。

公开(公告)号：US20070116461A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-24

申请号：US11284865

申请日：2005-11-22

申请人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven

发明人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven

IPC分类号： H04J14/00

CPC分类号： H04B10/66 ,  G02F7/00 ,  G02F2001/212 ,  G02F2001/217 ,  G02F2201/05

摘要： An optical digital-to-analog (D/A) converter and a method of optically converting digital data into analog form. In one embodiment, the optical D/A converter includes: (1) a splitter configured to receive and split an input coherent optical carrier into a plurality of mutually coherent optical carriers, (2) a switching stage coupled to the splitter and including a corresponding plurality of selector switches configured to pass or interrupt selected ones of the plurality of coherent optical carriers responsive to pattern bits, (3) an amplitude and phase offset stage coupled to the switching stage and including a corresponding plurality of amplitude and phase offset units configured to offset amplitudes or phases of passed ones of the plurality of mutually coherent optical carriers responsive to offset signals and (4) a combiner coupled to the amplitude and phase offset stage and configured to recombine the mutually coherent optical carriers to yield an optical output signal.

摘要翻译： 光数字模拟（D / A）转换器和将数字数据光学转换为模拟形式的方法。 在一个实施例中，光学D / A转换器包括：（1）分配器，被配置为将输入相干光载波接收并分离成多个相互相干的光载波，（2）耦合到分离器的切换级并且包括相应的 多个选择器开关，其被配置为响应于图案位传递或中断所述多个相干光载波中的选定的一个;（3）耦合到所述切换级的幅度和相位偏移级，并且包括对应的多个幅度和相位偏移单元， 响应于偏移信号，多个相互相干光载波中经过的相位偏移幅度或相位的偏移幅度或相位;（4）耦合到幅度和相位偏移级的组合器，并被配置为重组相互相干的光载波以产生光输出信号。

公开(公告)号：US20050168364A1

公开(公告)日：2005-08-04

申请号：US10771089

申请日：2004-02-03

申请人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven ,  Kun-Yii Tu

发明人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven ,  Kun-Yii Tu

IPC分类号： G02F1/015 ,  G02F1/025 ,  G02F7/00 ,  H03M1/66 ,  H04B10/04 ,  H04B10/06 ,  H04B10/142 ,  H04B10/152 ,  H03M1/00

CPC分类号： G02F7/00 ,  G02F2201/18

摘要： An optical digital-to-analog conversion is realized by employing either a continuous wave or pulsed laser optical signal. The laser optical signal is split into a plurality of mutually coherent optical beams, which are phase shift modulated by bits of a digital data sequence to be converted to an analog signal. The phase shift modulated optical beams are recombined to realize the desired digital-to-analog converted optical signal.

摘要翻译： 通过采用连续波或脉冲激光光信号实现光数字到模拟转换。 激光光信号被分割成多个相互相干的光束，它们被数字数据序列的位进行相移调制以转换成模拟信号。 相移调制光束被重组以实现期望的数模转换光信号。

公开(公告)号：US20050068887A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-31

申请号：US10674722

申请日：2003-09-30

申请人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven

发明人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven

IPC分类号： G02F1/015 ,  H04B10/04 ,  H04B10/06 ,  H04B10/142 ,  H04B10/152 ,  H04B10/155 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04L27/26 ,  H04L5/12

CPC分类号： H04B10/506 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/0298 ,  H04L27/2637 ,  H04L27/2653

摘要： A method for transmitting digital data includes splitting a coherent optical carrier having a subcarrier into mutually coherent optical carriers, producing corresponding sequences of phase shifts in each of the mutually coherent optical carriers, and then, interfering the mutually coherent optical carriers. The interfering produces an output optical carrier whose subcarrier has modulated inphase and quadrature components with a corresponding sequence of pairs of values. The pairs of values of the modulated inphase and quadrature phase components produced by the interfering correspond to a sequence of coordinate pairs for the signal points the 4-PSK 2D, 16-QAM 2D, or 16-PSK 2D constellation.

摘要翻译： 一种用于发送数字数据的方法包括将具有子载波的相干光载波划分为相互相干的光载波，在相互相干的光载波中产生相应的相移序列，然后干扰相互相干的光载波。 干扰产生一个输出光载波，其载波具有调制同相和正交分量以及对应的值对序列。 由干扰产生的调制同相和正交相位分量的值对对对应于用于信号的坐标对的序列指向4-PSK 2D，16-QAM 2D或16-PSK 2D星座。

公开(公告)号：US20090029536A1

公开(公告)日：2009-01-29

申请号：US12286239

申请日：2008-09-29

申请人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Lay-Lay Chua ,  Vincent Etienne Houtsma ,  Rose Fasano Kopf ,  Andreas Leven ,  Chun-Ting Liu ,  Wei-Jer Sung ,  Yang Yang

发明人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Lay-Lay Chua ,  Vincent Etienne Houtsma ,  Rose Fasano Kopf ,  Andreas Leven ,  Chun-Ting Liu ,  Wei-Jer Sung ,  Yang Yang

IPC分类号： H01L21/425

CPC分类号： H01L29/66318 ,  H01L29/7371

摘要： A method for fabricating a bipolar transistor includes forming a vertical sequence of semiconductor layers, forming an implant mask on the last formed semiconductor layer, and implanting dopant ions into a portion of one or more of the semiconductor layers. The sequence of semiconductor layers includes a collector layer, a base layer that is in contact with the collector layer, and an emitter layer that is in contact with the base layer. The implanting uses a process in which the implant mask stops dopant ions from penetrating into a portion of the sequence of layers.

公开(公告)号：US07403711B2

公开(公告)日：2008-07-22

申请号：US11284865

申请日：2005-11-22

申请人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven

发明人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven

IPC分类号： H04J14/00 ,  H04J14/02 ,  G02F1/35 ,  H03M1/00

CPC分类号： H04B10/66 ,  G02F7/00 ,  G02F2001/212 ,  G02F2001/217 ,  G02F2201/05

摘要： An optical digital-to-analog (D/A) converter and a method of optically converting digital data into analog form. In one embodiment, the optical D/A converter includes: (1) a splitter configured to receive and split an input coherent optical carrier into a plurality of mutually coherent optical carriers, (2) a switching stage coupled to the splitter and including a corresponding plurality of selector switches configured to pass or interrupt selected ones of the plurality of coherent optical carriers responsive to pattern bits, (3) an amplitude and phase offset stage coupled to the switching stage and including a corresponding plurality of amplitude and phase offset units configured to offset amplitudes or phases of passed ones of the plurality of mutually coherent optical carriers responsive to offset signals and (4) a combiner coupled to the amplitude and phase offset stage and configured to recombine the mutually coherent optical carriers to yield an optical output signal.

摘要翻译： 光数字模拟（D / A）转换器和将数字数据光学转换为模拟形式的方法。 在一个实施例中，光学D / A转换器包括：（1）分配器，被配置为将输入相干光载波接收并分离成多个相互相干的光载波，（2）耦合到分离器的切换级并且包括相应的 多个选择器开关，其被配置为响应于图案位传递或中断所述多个相干光载波中的选定的一个;（3）耦合到所述切换级的幅度和相位偏移级，并且包括对应的多个幅度和相位偏移单元， 响应于偏移信号，多个相互相干光载波中经过的相位偏移幅度或相位的偏移幅度或相位;（4）耦合到幅度和相位偏移级的组合器，并被配置为重组相互相干的光载波以产生光输出信号。

公开(公告)号：US20070230886A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-04

申请号：US11394780

申请日：2006-03-31

申请人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven ,  Yang Yang

发明人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven ,  Yang Yang

IPC分类号： G02B6/10 ,  G02B6/00

CPC分类号： G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/131 ,  G02B6/136 ,  G02B2006/12097

摘要： Apparatus including: a substrate layer having a substantially planar top surface; an optically conductive peak located and elongated on, and spanning a first thickness measured in a direction generally away from, the top surface; the optically conductive peak having first and second lateral walls each including distal and proximal lateral wall portions, the proximal lateral wall portions intersecting the top surface; and first and second sidewall layers located on the distal lateral wall portions, the sidewall layers not intersecting the top surface and spanning a second thickness that is less than the first thickness measured in the same direction.

摘要翻译： 设备包括：具有基本平坦的顶表面的基底层; 位于并延伸并且跨越在大致远离顶表面的方向测量的第一厚度的光导体峰; 所述光导体峰具有第一和第二侧壁，每个侧壁包括远侧和近侧壁部分，所述近侧壁部分与所述顶表面相交; 以及位于所述远侧壁部分上的第一和第二侧壁层，所述侧壁层不与所述顶表面相交并跨越在相同方向上测量的小于所述第一厚度的第二厚度。

公开(公告)号：US20070206958A1

公开(公告)日：2007-09-06

申请号：US11366145

申请日：2006-03-02

申请人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven

发明人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Andreas Leven

IPC分类号： H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H01Q3/2676

摘要： The present invention provides an optical beamforming RF transmitter. In one embodiment, the optical beamforming RF transmitter includes an optical WDM splitter having an input and a plurality of outputs. The optical beamforming RF transmitter also includes an array of antennas, where each antenna has an optical input configured to drive the corresponding antenna, and an array of optical modulators, such that each modulator has an output connected to a corresponding one of the antennas and an input connected to one of the outputs of the optical WDM splitter. The optical beamforming RF transmitter further includes a mode-locked laser having an output optically coupled to the input of the optical WDM splitter.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供一种光束成形射频发射机。 在一个实施例中，光束成形RF发射器包括具有输入和多个输出的光学WDM分离器。 光束成形RF发射器还包括天线阵列，其中每个天线具有配置成驱动相应天线的光学输入和光学调制器阵列，使得每个调制器具有连接到相应的一个天线的输出和 输入连接到光学WDM分离器的一个输出。 光束成形RF发射器还包括具有光学耦合到光学WDM分离器的输入的输出的锁模激光器。

公开(公告)号：US20070036555A1

公开(公告)日：2007-02-15

申请号：US11204607

申请日：2005-08-15

申请人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Ut-Va Koc ,  Andreas Leven

发明人： Young-Kai Chen ,  Ut-Va Koc ,  Andreas Leven

IPC分类号： H04B10/04

CPC分类号： H04L27/223 ,  H04B10/60 ,  H04B10/6164 ,  H04B10/6165 ,  H04B10/63 ,  H04L27/227 ,  H04L2027/003

摘要： A receiver for coherent detection of a PSK modulated optical carrier includes an optical detector, digital-to-analog converters, and a digital module. The optical detector is configured to mix the modulated optical carrier with two phase components of a reference optical carrier and to produce analog output signals representative of optical signals produced by said mixing. The digital-to-analog converters are connected to receive the analog output signals and to produce digital signals from the received analog output signals. The digital module is connected to receive the digital signals and to perform one of compensating the received digital signals for a conjugate phase misalignment between the mixed components, extracting phase of the received digital signals, and estimating a frequency offset between the two carriers from the received digital signals.

摘要翻译： 用于PSK调制光载波的相干检测的接收机包括光检测器，数 - 模转换器和数字模块。 光学检测器被配置为将调制光载波与参考光载波的两相分量进行混合，并产生代表由所述混频产生的光信号的模拟输出信号。 数模转换器被连接以接收模拟输出信号并从接收到的模拟输出信号产生数字信号。 数字模块被连接以接收数字信号，并执行补偿接收到的数字信号之一用于混合分量之间的共轭相位失准，提取接收到的数字信号的相位，以及从接收到的两个载波之间估计两个载波之间的频率偏移 数字信号。