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公开(公告)号：US5721634A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-24
申请号：US729219
申请日：1996-10-09
CPC分类号： G02F1/3551
摘要： A family of cesium-germanium halide salts have utility as nonlinear optical crystals in applications including electro-optics and optical frequency conversion. These salts have the general formula CsGeCl.sub.x Br.sub.y I.sub.z, in which x, y, and z equal 0 through 3, inclusive, and where x+y+z=3. In contrast to well-known oxygen-containing materials, such as LiNbO.sub.3, these cesium-germanium halide salts exhibit optical nonlinearity with an extremely wide transparency range (without significant absorption) at wavelengths from about 0.4 .mu.m to greater than 25 .mu.m (covering the entire MWIR and LWIR regions). Based on Ge.sup.2+ ions, these halides have non-centrosymmetric perovskite structures. The halide ions form a strongly coordinating octahedral environment about the Ge.sup.2+ ions and resist migration in an electric field. The Ge2+ ions, however, are shifted slightly off center in the tetragonal phase, leading to a net electric dipole moment in each unit cell. The alignment of these dipole moments into ferroelectric domains can be controlled through applied electric fields. By aligning all dipole moments into a single ferroelectric domain, these cesium-germanium halides have utility for electro-optic and birefringently phase-matched frequency conversion devices. Alternately, periodic poling of the ferroelectric domains allows these materials to be used for quasi-phase-matched frequency conversion. Cesium-germanium halide salts, which can be isolated from aqueous solutions as salts of GeX.sub.3 .sup.- anions, are water-soluble, which facilitates large-aperture crystal growth.
摘要翻译： 一系列铯 - 卤化锗盐可用作非线性光学晶体，包括电光学和光学频率转换。 这些盐具有通式CsGeClxBryIz，其中x，y和z等于0至3，其中x + y + z = 3。 与众所周知的含氧材料如LiNbO 3相比，这些铯 - 卤化锗盐在波长从约0.4μm到大于25μm的范围内具有非常宽的透明度范围（无显着吸收）的光学非线性（覆盖 整个MWIR和LWIR地区）。 基于Ge 2+离子，这些卤化物具有非中心对称的钙钛矿结构。 卤离子形成关于Ge2 +离子的强配位八面体环境，并在电场中抵抗迁移。 然而，Ge2 +离子在四方相中稍微偏离中心，导致每个晶胞中的净电偶极矩。 可以通过施加的电场来控制这些偶极矩对铁电畴的对准。 通过将所有偶极矩对齐为单个铁电畴，这些铯 - 锗卤化物可用于电光和双折射相位匹配的变频器件。 或者，铁电畴的周期极化允许这些材料用于准相位匹配的频率转换。 可以作为GeX3-阴离子盐的水溶液分离的铯 - 卤化锗盐是水溶性的，这有助于大孔径晶体生长。
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公开(公告)号：US5706649A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-13
申请号：US650583
申请日：1996-05-20
摘要： The present invention is a thrust reversing apparatus for diverting purely rearwardly directed air flowing through an engine nacelle to combined rearward-and-radially-outward flow, and then to a combination of various radially outward angles and forward flow, where in the latter states thrust reversal is effected. The apparatus includes parallel inner and outer air flow blocking members driven by actuators which are coupled to the blocking members for effecting synchronous movement. The inner member includes a first door having fixed vanes and a solid second door pivotably coupled to the first door. The inner member has a closed position in which the two doors are collinear, and various open positions in which the two doors are pivoted relative to one another. The outer member comprises an array of pivotable, parallel vanes, and has a closed position in which the vanes tightly overlap, and various open positions in which the vanes are pivoted out of contact with each other through various amounts of rotation.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种推力反向装置，用于将流过发动机舱的纯粹向后指向的空气转向组合的后向和径向向外流动，然后转向各种径向向外的角度和向前流动的组合，其中在后者状态推力 反转。 该装置包括由致动器驱动的并联的内部和外部空气流动阻塞构件，其被联接到阻挡构件以实现同步运动。 内部构件包括具有固定叶片的第一门和可枢转地联接到第一门的实心第二门。 内部构件具有闭合位置，其中两个门共线，以及各个打开位置，其中两个门相对于彼此枢转。 外部构件包括可枢转的平行叶片的阵列，并且具有关闭位置，叶片紧密地重叠在该关闭位置，并且各个打开位置，叶片通过各种旋转量彼此不相互转动。
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公开(公告)号：US5697544A
公开(公告)日：1997-12-16
申请号：US620060
申请日：1996-03-21
申请人： Donald H. Wykes
发明人： Donald H. Wykes
IPC分类号： B23K20/12
CPC分类号： B23K20/125
摘要： A stir friction welding tool with a variable length pin relative to the shank of the tool is disclosed. The pin is moveable from a totally retracted position relative to the shank such that the shank may engage a workpiece without the pin engaging the workpiece. The pin then may be slowly extended into the work piece. The stir friction welding tool may also have a variable diameter shank to provide a variable volume cavity. Then as the pin is extended further into the workpiece the variable width shank can expand to increase the circumference of the shoulder and the volume of the cavity in the shank such that the pin length to cavity volume are within a range to insure a good surface material flow and a high weld quality using the stir friction welding process.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种具有相对于工具的柄的可变长度销的搅拌摩擦焊接工具。 销可以相对于柄部从完全缩回位置移动，使得柄可以接合工件，而销不与工件接合。 然后，该销可以缓慢地延伸到工件中。 搅拌摩擦焊接工具还可以具有可变直径柄，以提供可变体积腔。 然后当销进一步延伸到工件中时，可变宽度柄可以膨胀以增加肩部的周长和柄部中的腔的体积，使得销的长度与腔体积在一定范围内以确保良好的表面材料 流动和焊接质量高的搅拌摩擦焊接工艺。
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公开(公告)号：US5689268A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-18
申请号：US691729
申请日：1996-08-02
申请人： Nai K. Shi , Henry F. Williams
发明人： Nai K. Shi , Henry F. Williams
CPC分类号： G01S7/415
摘要： The blade flash signature in a radar return is enhanced and used to detect and classify helicopter targets. The radar return of a target is fast Fourier transformed 34, and the frequencies corresponding to DC and the body of the target are filtered out 38. The filtered signal is inverse transformed 44, moving averaged 52, and auto-correlated 54. Auto-correlation 54 may take place in the frequency domain. If there are significant peaks in the auto-correlation output (other than at zero time delay), then a helicopter is present. The time delay between peaks is the period of the blade. The height of the peak indicates whether it is the main blade or the tail blade which has been detected, and allows a signal indicating both periods to be output. The main blade period and the ratio of the period to that of the tail blade can be compared with a data base to classify the helicopter.
摘要翻译： 雷达回波中的闪光灯签名被增强，用于检测和分类直升机目标。 目标的雷达返回是快速傅立叶变换34，并且对应于DC和目标身体的频率被滤除38.滤波的信号被逆变换44，移动平均52和自相关54.自相关 54可能在频域中发生。 如果在自相关输出中有明显的峰值（除了零时间延迟），则存在直升机。 峰值之间的时间延迟是叶片的周期。 峰值的高度表示是否已经被检测到的主叶片或尾叶片，并且允许指示两个周期的信号被输出。 可以将主叶片期间和尾桨的周期与数据库进行比较，对直升机进行分类。
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45.发明授权Object location identification system for providing location data of an object being pointed at by a pointing device 失效用于提供由指示装置指向的对象的位置数据的对象位置识别系统
公开(公告)号：US5672820A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-30
申请号：US642071
申请日：1996-04-30
CPC分类号： G01S5/16 , G01C21/20 , G01S19/47 , G01S2205/002 , G01S5/0027 , Y10S358/906
摘要： The object location identification system includes a Receiving Module (RM), an Angular Measuring System (AMS) and a processor. The RM receives information specifying a user's location and provides RM output data in terms of latitude, longitude and altitude. The AMS is connectable to a pointing device for measuring the orientation of the pointing device and providing AMS output data in at least heading and depression angles. The processor processes the RM output data and the AMS output data and provides location data of an object being pointed at by the pointing device.
摘要翻译： 对象位置识别系统包括接收模块（RM），角度测量系统（AMS）和处理器。 RM接收指定用户位置的信息，并根据纬度，经度和高度提供RM输出数据。 AMS可连接到指点设备，用于测量定位设备的方向，并至少在航向和俯仰角度提供AMS输出数据。 处理器处理RM输出数据和AMS输出数据，并提供由指示设备指向的对象的位置数据。
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公开(公告)号：US5627675A
公开(公告)日：1997-05-06
申请号：US455885
申请日：1995-05-13
CPC分类号： G02B13/06
摘要： An optics assembly for observing a panoramic scene. The optics assembly includes a plurality of optical elements. A first element redirects light from the panoramic scene. The optical power of the first element forms an imaginary pupil. The energy from the first element is redirected about 90 degrees, forming an annular path. A second element receives the redirected light and re-images the imaginary pupil to form a real pupil. This portion of the energy continues to be in an annular form. A third element includes an optical relay system having a group of reimaging optics. The third element receives light from the second element while relaying the real pupil into the reimaging optics. It also establishes the focal length of the optics assembly, corrects pupil aberrations produced at the real pupil, corrects field aberrations and produces an annular image on a flat focal plane. The optical relay system interfaces with the second element through the use of the real pupil. The real pupil is formed at the cold stop and filter location in the third element. This pupil is relayed back through the system to be coincident with the first real pupil. The optics assembly produces a small F-number at field angles near perpendicular to the output optical axis of the optics assembly over a panoramic scene.
摘要翻译： 用于观察全景场景的光学组件。 光学组件包括多个光学元件。 第一个元素重定向来自全景场景的光。 第一元件的光学功率形成假想光瞳。 来自第一元件的能量被重定向大约90度，形成环形路径。 第二个元件接收重定向的光并重新映射虚拟的光瞳以形成真正的光瞳。 能量的这一部分继续呈环状。 第三元件包括具有一组再成像光学器件的光学继电器系统。 第三元件从第二元件接收光，同时将真实光瞳中继到重构成像光学元件中。 它还建立光学组件的焦距，校正在真实光瞳处产生的光瞳像差，校正场像差并在平坦焦平面上产生环形图像。 光学继电器系统通过使用真实光瞳与第二个元件相连接。 真正的瞳孔形成在第三个元件的冷停止和过滤器位置。 这个学生通过系统被传回来与第一个真正的学生一致。 光学组件在垂直于光学组件的输出光轴的场角上在全景场景上产生小的F数。
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公开(公告)号：US6042055A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-28
申请号：US994798
申请日：1997-12-19
申请人： Ross H. Messinger
发明人： Ross H. Messinger
CPC分类号： B64C3/185 , B64C1/38 , B64D37/06 , B64D37/30 , B64C2001/0072 , Y02T50/433 , Y02T50/44 , Y10T403/21
摘要： A thermal expansion joint having a plurality of bendable tabs which flex to minimize the stress caused by thermal expansion. The tabs flex at their slot radii by the base of the tabs, allowing the tip of the tabs to move. Apertures in the tabs near the tip connect the tabs to a solid body or to tabs on another body. The tabs' flexing relieves stress in the body undergoing thermal expansion at the point it is connected to a body which has a different thermal expansion rate and/or experiences a different temperature. A plurality of tabs so connecting two bodies provides a stiff joint and reduces the thickness of the material otherwise needed to provide a connection what will not crack or otherwise break due to thermal strains at the connection between two bodies.
摘要翻译： 一种热膨胀接头，其具有多个可弯曲的接头，其弯曲以使由热膨胀引起的应力最小化。 突出部分在突出部的基部处以其槽半径弯曲，允许突出部的尖端移动。 靠近尖端的接头中的孔径将突片连接到固体或者在另一个身体上的突出部。 翼片的弯曲减轻了身体中经受热膨胀的应力，该应力连接到具有不同热膨胀率和/或经历不同温度的主体。 连接两个主体的多个突片提供了一个刚性关节，并减小了材料的厚度，否则需要提供连接，由于两个主体之间的连接处的热应变，不会破裂或以其他方式破裂。
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公开(公告)号：US6024458A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-15
申请号：US173604
申请日：1998-10-16
申请人： Mark A. Lundgren
发明人： Mark A. Lundgren
CPC分类号： G02B7/00
摘要： An optical shield for preventing stray light from reaching the focal plane of an optical device includes a tubular housing defining an aperture at one end for admitting light to pass through the housing to the focal plane, and a plurality of annular conical baffles attached to the housing wall and axially spaced along the housing between the aperture and the focal plane. In one embodiment, the housing wall is conical and the baffles are all aimed at a location on the housing wall which is between the aperture and a forwardmost one of the baffles adjacent the aperture, such that the rearward-facing surfaces of the baffles are shielded from direct and reflected light. The baffles are spaced sufficiently closely and are long enough that the baffles shield the focal plane from those portions of the housing wall that are directly illuminable by light passing through the aperture.
摘要翻译： 用于防止杂散光到达光学装置的焦平面的光学屏蔽件包括管状壳体，其在一端限定孔，用于允许光通过壳体到焦平面;以及多个环形锥形挡板，附接到壳体 并且在孔和焦平面之间沿壳体轴向间隔开。 在一个实施例中，壳体壁是圆锥形的，并且挡板全部瞄准在壳体壁上的位于孔和位于孔附近的最靠近的挡板之间的位置，使得挡板的向后表面被屏蔽 从直接和反射光。 挡板间隔得足够紧密并且足够长，使得挡板将焦平面与壳体壁的那些部分屏蔽，这些部分可以直接通过穿过孔的光照射。
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公开(公告)号：US6010640A
公开(公告)日：2000-01-04
申请号：US680762
申请日：1996-07-15
申请人： David G. Beshore , David Stelman
发明人： David G. Beshore , David Stelman
CPC分类号： C01B15/0435 , H01S3/2215
摘要： Basic hydrogen peroxide used in chemical oxygen lasers can be produced using a lithium based lithium hydroxide with a lithium hydroxide makeup of the reacted basic hydrogen peroxide. Lithium hydroxide, water and hydrogen peroxide are mixed and 1) passed over a lithium hydroxide solid bed or 2) premixed with small particulate solid lithium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide monohydrate. The basic hydrogen peroxide produced is chilled and stored cold until mixed with chlorine to produce singlet delta oxygen for use in the chemical oxygen iodine laser. The spent basic hydrogen peroxide is rejuvenated by passing it over a solid lithium hydroxide or in-situ solid particulate lithium hydroxides. After dissolution, the rejuvenated basic hydrogen peroxide is then reacted with chlorine to produce more singlet delta oxygen.
摘要翻译： 用于化学氧激光器的碱性过氧化氢可以使用锂基氢氧化锂与氢氧化锂组成反应的碱式过氧化氢来制备。 将氢氧化锂，水和过氧化氢混合，并且1）通过氢氧化锂固体床或2）与小颗粒固体氢氧化锂或氢氧化锂一水合物预混合。 所生产的碱性过氧化氢被冷却并储存冷，直到与氯混合以产生用于化学氧碘激光器的单重态三氧化二氮。 废碱性过氧化氢通过将其通过固体氢氧化锂或原位固体颗粒状氢氧化锂而再生。 溶解后，再生的碱性过氧化氢然后与氯反应产生更多的单重态三氧化碳。
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公开(公告)号：US5955197A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-21
申请号：US393725
申请日：1989-08-15
CPC分类号： C04B41/009 , C04B41/52 , C04B41/89 , C23C14/10 , C23C16/325 , C04B2111/00982 , Y10T428/24124 , Y10T428/24388 , Y10T428/252 , Y10T428/259 , Y10T428/30
摘要： A coating for sealing carbon--carbon composites against hydrogen. The coating comprises a first layer of silicon carbide and a second layer of a glass, glass-ceramic or a low-melting-point metal such as tin or an alloy thereof. Particularly when such second layer is a glass, e.g. an SiO.sub.2 -containing glass, or a glass-ceramic, preferably the silicon carbide coating is pretreated, e.g. by oxidation thereof to form a thin layer of SiO.sub.2 prior to application of the glass layer. The glass layer can be an SiO.sub.2 glass formed by sputtering or by decomposition of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) applied to the oxidized silicon carbide coating. An alkali metal oxide, e.g. Na.sub.2 O, or an alkaline earth metal oxide, e.g. BaO, can be added to the SiO.sub.2 glass.
摘要翻译： 用于密封碳 - 碳复合材料以防止氢气的涂层。 该涂层包括第一层碳化硅和第二层玻璃，玻璃陶瓷或低熔点金属如锡或其合金。 特别是当这样的第二层是玻璃，例如 含SiO 2的玻璃或玻璃陶瓷，优选碳化硅涂层进行预处理，例如， 在施加玻璃层之前通过其氧化形成SiO 2薄层。 玻璃层可以是通过溅射或分解施加到氧化碳化硅涂层上的原硅酸四乙酯（TEOS）而形成的SiO 2玻璃。 碱金属氧化物，例如 Na2O或碱土金属氧化物，例如 BaO可加入到SiO2玻璃中。
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