Abstract:
A method and an apparatus for performing handover in a mobile communication network are provided. The method of performing handover in a mobile communication network includes: obtaining a service providing time period and a utility function on a candidate network basis; obtaining a selection function of each of the candidate networks using the utility function and the service providing time period; and selecting a network for handover among the plurality of mobile networks using the selection function. Therefore, in consideration of user satisfaction and a network service quality, utility functions are defined and by selecting a network for handover using the utility functions, a network suitable for a user environment can be effectively selected and thus it is possible to perform handover that has a performance and a cost suitable for user request and that can maximize a quality of a mobile service.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses a polypeptide participating in pyridoxine biosynthesis, a polynucleotide coding the polypeptide and those uses. Particularly, this present invention discloses a polypeptide participating in pyridoxine biosynthesis, a polynucleotide coding the polypeptide, a method for inducing plant growth inhibition, a method for screening a compound inducing plant growth inhibition, and composition for inducing plant growth inhibition which comprises the compound obtained by the screening method.
Abstract:
Provided are an apparatus and method for deciding a transmission format using a variable frame length and a decoding method using the same. The apparatus for deciding the transmission format using the variable frame length includes: a frame synchronization acquiring unit for acquiring a frame synchronization of a received transmission frame; a correlation analyzing unit for performing a correlation analysis with respect to the transmission frame whose synchronization is acquired, considering frame lengths of respective frame structures; and a transmission frame structure deciding unit for deciding the structure of the received transmission frame using the analyzed correlation. Accordingly, a physical layer signaling code (PLSC) demodulation and decoding performance can be enhanced by determining the structure of the transmitted frame without carrying out a PLSC decoding in such a state that a frequency synchronization is not acquired.
Abstract:
Provided are a wafer level package and a wafer level packaging method, which are capable of performing an attaching process at a low temperature and preventing contamination of internal devices. In the wafer level package, a device substrate includes a device region, where a device is formed, and internal pads on the top surface. The internal pads are electrically connected to the device. A cap substrate includes a getter corresponding to the device on the bottom surface. A plurality of sealing/attaching members are provided between the device substrate and the cap substrate to attach the device substrate and the cap substrate and seal the device region and the getter. The sealing/attaching members are formed of polymer. A plurality of vias penetrate the cap substrate and are connected to the internal pads. The getter provided in the sealed space defined by the sealing/attaching members can prevent the devices of the device region from being contaminated by moisture or foreign particles generated during the fabrication process, and the sealing/attaching process can be performed at a lower temperature compared with a typical sealing/attaching process using a metal.
Abstract:
An audio playback time estimating apparatus and method. The apparatus includes a sampling unit to sample a plurality of sample frames of audio data from audio data including an ID3 tag and a plurality of frames using a quasi-random sampling method, an average-bit-rate-calculation unit to calculate an average bit rate of the audio data based on bit rates obtained from the plurality of sample frames, and a playback-time-calculation unit to estimate the playback time of the audio data based on the average bit rate.
Abstract:
A method of forming a wiring for a semiconductor memory device includes obtaining a semiconductor substrate, depositing at least one conductive layer on the semiconductor substrate under controlled conditions, such as substrate temperature and atmosphere temperature, to provide a conductive layer exhibiting a reduced surface roughness as compared to a comparable conductive layer deposited under uncontrolled conditions, and patterning the conductive layer to form a wiring.
Abstract:
Provided are a method and apparatus for hierarchical modulation and demodulation in a Digital Multimedia Broadcasting (DMB) system. The method for hierarchical modulation in a digital broadcast signal transmitter includes the steps of: receiving a first broadcast signal and a second broadcast signal from outside, and encoding the broadcast signals by a first method and a second method, respectively; synthesizing the encoded first and second broadcast signals; determining a modulation point using a constellation diagram of an I-Q plane corresponding to the synthesized signal; and hierarchically phase-shift modulating the synthesized signal using the determined modulation point. Here, in the I-Q plane, the modulation point is deviated by a predetermined deviation angle from a phase axis passing through a modulation point of the first broadcast signal and an origin of the I-Q plane.
Abstract:
A nonvolatile memory device and a method for its fabrication may ensure uniform operating characteristics of ReRAM The ReRam may include a laminated resistance layer that determines phase of ReRAM on an upper edge of a lower electrode for obtaining a stable threshold drive voltage level.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a metal ink composition for inkjet printing, more particularly to a metal ink composition which includes 20 to 85 weight % of metal nanoparticles and 15 to 80 weight % of organic solvent, where the organic solvent is made of an ethylene glycol-based ether or a mixed solvent including an ethylene glycol-based ether. The invention provides a metal ink composition in which an organic solvent suited for an inkjet head is used to improve the ejection, storage, and viscosity properties of the ink.
Abstract:
Provided is a decoding method for detecting Physical Layer Signaling Codes (PLSCs) from frames of a satellite broadcasting system. The method includes: a) acquiring a summation vector and a subtraction vector from an inputted symbol vector; b) performing parallel Reed-Muller (32,6) decoding onto the summation and subtraction vectors based on a Hadamard matrix and estimating message bits of the summation and subtraction vectors; c) performing PLSC coding and modulation onto the message bits of the summation and subtraction vectors; d) calculating a first difference between symbols of the received symbol vector and the summation vector symbols, and a second difference between the symbols of the received symbol vector and the subtraction vector symbols; and e) when the first difference is smaller than the second difference, determining a Reed-Muller codeword is repeated, or when the first difference is larger than the second difference, determining that the Reed-Muller codeword is inverted.