公开(公告)号：US6115267A

公开(公告)日：2000-09-05

申请号：US327907

申请日：1999-06-08

Applicant: Edward Herbert

Inventor： Edward Herbert

IPC: H02M1/00 ,  H02M1/42 ,  H02M7/217 ,  H02M3/335

CPC classification number: H02M1/4258 ,  H02M7/217 ,  Y02B70/126

Abstract: A transformer isolated, Power Factor Corrected (PFC) AC-DC power converter comprises a main power path which is buck derived, and most of the power passes through a single power stage to the output. A parallel path in the secondary circuit shunts current to a storage capacitor during the times when the input AC current is at its peak, and returns current to the circuit when the input AC current is low. In one embodiment, the shunt stage comprises a secondary side boost converter. In another, the shunt stage comprises a buck converter. Regardless, the input stage may operate without input rectifiers if AC switches, such as back to back MOSFET's are used, because the output of the transformer and secondary rectifiers is the same regardless of the polarity of the instantaneous input voltage.

Abstract translation: 变压器隔离，功率因数校正（PFC）AC-DC功率转换器包括一个主要功率路径，其是降压导出的，并且大部分功率通过单个功率级到达输出。 在输入交流电流处于峰值时，次级电路中的并联路径将电流分流到存储电容器，并且当输入交流电流低时，将电流返回到电路。 在一个实施例中，分流级包括次级侧升压转换器。 另一方面，分流级包括降压转换器。 无论如何，如果使用交流开关（如背靠背MOSFET），输入级可以在没有输入整流器的情况下运行，因为无论瞬时输入电压的极性如何，变压器和次级整流器的输出都是相同的。

公开(公告)号：US5659455A

公开(公告)日：1997-08-19

申请号：US625407

申请日：1996-03-27

Applicant: Edward Herbert

Inventor： Edward Herbert

IPC: H01L23/64 ,  H01G4/00

CPC classification number: H01L23/642 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/3011

Abstract: A package for electronic circuits can be made using a bottom plate, a top plate, and side walls which are stick capacitors. The top and bottom plates can be used as two of the terminations for the electronic circuit to provide a low impedance connection for heavy currents. The contact areas of the stick capacitor are bonded to the top and bottom plates, such as by reflow soldering. The top and bottom plates and the stick capacitor side walls provide a completely enclosed equivalent of a Faraday shield for superior EMI enclosure. Although the top and bottom are isolated electrically at DC by the dielectric layers of the capacitor, they are effectively short circuited at higher AC frequency. The stick capacitors can be drilled through to provide for additional conductors to the electronic circuit. In another embodiment of the invention, a stiffener for a printed circuit board comprises a stick capacitor as a filler for a laminated beam in which the top and bottom stress members are conductors.

Abstract translation: 用于电子电路的封装可以使用底板，顶板和作为棒状电容器的侧壁来制造。 顶板和底板可以用作电子电路的两个终端，以提供用于大电流的低阻抗连接。 棒状电容器的接触区域通过回流焊接而结合到顶板和底板。 顶板和底板以及棒式电容器侧壁均提供了完全封闭的法拉第屏蔽等级，可实现卓越的EMI外壳。 尽管顶部和底部在DC处由电容器的电介质层电隔离，但它们在较高的AC频率下有效地短路。 可以钻出棒状电容器以提供电子电路的附加导体。 在本发明的另一个实施例中，用于印刷电路板的加强件包括作为层压梁的填料的棒状电容器，其中顶部和底部应力构件是导体。

公开(公告)号：US4845606A

公开(公告)日：1989-07-04

申请号：US187931

申请日：1988-04-29

Applicant: Edward Herbert

Inventor： Edward Herbert

IPC: G11C19/08

CPC classification number: G11C19/085 ,  H01F2027/348 ,  H01F2038/006

Abstract: A high frequency matrix transformer comprises a plurality of interdependent magnetic elements interwired as a transformer. The various component parts of the high frequency transformer are arranged and interwired to provide a transformer having very low leakage inductance and very good coupling from the primary to the secondary. The high frequency matrix transformer is particularly well adapted for transformers requiring high equivalent turns ratios, high frequency, high power, and high dielectric isolation. It can have a plurality of parallel secondaries, which can source current to parallel rectifier circuits with current sharing. It can also have a plurality of parallel primary circuits, which also will current share, to balance the load between source switching circuits, or to provide dual input voltage capability (i.e., 120/240 volts). The high frequency matrix transformer tends to be spread out, and can be very flat, making it eaasy to ventilate or heat sink. The high frequency matrix transformer having push pull windings can include the primary switching means and secondary rectifying means within its windings, to that the transformer as a whole has direct current inputs and outputs.

Abstract translation: 高频矩阵变压器包括作为变压器互连的多个相互依赖的磁性元件。 高频变压器的各个组成部分被布置和相互连接，以提供具有非常低的漏电感和从初级到次级的非常好的耦合的变压器。 高频矩阵变压器特别适用于需要高等效匝数比，高频，高功率和高电介质隔离的变压器。 它可以具有多个并联二次管，其可以通过电流共享将电流馈送到并联整流器电路。 它还可以具有多个并联的初级电路，其也将电流共享以平衡源极开关电路之间的负载，或者提供双输入电压能力（即，120/240伏特）。 高频矩阵变压器倾向于扩展，并且可以非常平坦，使其易于通风或散热。 具有推挽绕组的高频矩阵变压器可以包括其绕组内的初级开关装置和次级整流装置，整个变压器具有直流输入和输出。

公开(公告)号：US4148563A

公开(公告)日：1979-04-10

申请号：US683829

申请日：1976-05-06

Applicant: Edward Herbert

Inventor： Edward Herbert

IPC: A01G9/24 ,  E04C2/54 ,  F24J2/10 ,  F24J2/20 ,  F24J2/40 ,  G05D23/01 ,  G05D25/00

CPC classification number: F24J2/4623 ,  A01G9/243 ,  E04C2/54 ,  F24J2/06 ,  F24J2/1047 ,  F24J2/20 ,  F24J2/407 ,  G05D23/01 ,  Y02E10/44 ,  Y02P60/124

Abstract: A transparent or reflective panel is comprised of two or more layers of transparent material. The outermost surfaces of the panel are plane. The inner surface of the first layer of the panel is configured so as to form a reflector, as for example, the familiar half-cubic reflector. The second layer is shaped so as to closely conform to the first layer, and the two layers are sealed together at the edges. Between the layers is a fluid, which will be either a vapor or a liquid depending upon temperature. When it is a vapor, light incident upon the panel will be reflected. When the vapor condenses to a liquid, the resulting vacuum pulls the layers of the panel closely together, and the liquid condensate fills whatever spaces may remain between the layers. This provides an optical continuum through the panel, and it will be transparent. The amount of fluid is carefully controlled to ensure that the panel will not distend excessively at high temperature. In another configuration, the second layer of the panel is an opaque absorber plate. The panel will then either absorb or reflect light as a function of temperature.

Abstract translation: 透明或反射面板由两层或多层透明材料构成。 面板的最外表面是平面的。 面板的第一层的内表面被构造成形成反射器，例如熟悉的半立方反射体。 第二层被成形为与第一层紧密配合，并且两层在边缘处被密封在一起。 层之间是液体，根据温度，其为蒸气或液体。 当它是蒸汽时，入射到面板上的光将被反射。 当蒸汽冷凝成液体时，所得到的真空将板的层紧紧地拉到一起，并且液体冷凝物填充层之间保留的任何空间。 这提供了通过面板的光学连续体，并且它将是透明的。 仔细控制流体的量，以确保面板在高温下不会过度膨胀。 在另一种结构中，面板的第二层是不透明的吸收板。 然后面板将吸收或反射光作为温度的函数。

公开(公告)号：US11246402B1

公开(公告)日：2022-02-15

申请号：US17207474

申请日：2021-03-19

Applicant: Ian Richard Smith ,  Edward Herbert

Inventor： Ian Richard Smith ,  Edward Herbert

IPC: A46B13/02 ,  A46B3/10 ,  A46B3/02 ,  A46B3/06 ,  B25F3/00 ,  A46B3/16 ,  A46B9/02 ,  A46D1/00 ,  B23D51/10

Abstract: A frayed cable scaling tool is made by fraying the end of a cable so that it forms a wire brush. A collar or other way of keeping the cable from unraveling too much is necessary. When powered by a pneumatic saw power tool, the scaling tool is very effective at removing scale, rust, carbon, or other debris. The flexibility of the cable allows the frayed end of the cable to move vigorously in a random motion, which is effective for scrubbing. For some applications, it is preferred to enclose the cable and/or the collar in a guide tube.

公开(公告)号：US09712062B2

公开(公告)日：2017-07-18

申请号：US14706847

申请日：2015-05-07

Applicant: Edward Herbert

Inventor： Edward Herbert

IPC: H02M3/335 ,  H01F38/00 ,  H01F38/02

CPC classification number: H02M3/335 ,  H01F38/00 ,  H01F2038/006 ,  H01F2038/026 ,  H02M3/33546

Abstract: A switched-capacitor circuit has two capacitors and two MOSFETs that cross-couple the capacitors, connecting the anode of one to the cathode of the other, and vice-versa. When either MOSFET is on, the capacitors are in series; the order alternates as the MOSFETs alternate. A reversing cyclical voltage suitable as a primary drive for a transformer is generated. If the MOSFETs alternate with no dead-time, a square-wave excitation is generated. With off-time, a pwm excitation is generate. Charge is maintained on the switched-capacitors using a symmetrical common-mode inductor. A bifilar winding is center-tap as its input, and the ends of the bifilar winding are connected to the capacitors. The capacitors are effectively in parallel. Because the charging current flows and returns through each leg of the inductor equally, it cannot magnetize the inductor core or cause any flux change. Because any voltages induced in the windings are common-mode, flux change in the core does not affect the charging current. The ac voltage generated when the capacitors switch is across the full inductor. Not only does the inductance attenuate any noise, the center-tap is between equal and opposite negative and positive voltages, which cancel. There is very little noise at the input. The circuit is reciprocal, so it can be used to rectify a transformer output. Two can be used as a bi-directional transformer isolated power converter. Several modules using 1 to 1 transformers can be stacked for a power converter having a higher ratio of input to output voltage.

公开(公告)号：US20150366067A1

公开(公告)日：2015-12-17

申请号：US14717829

申请日：2015-05-20

Applicant: Edward Herbert

Inventor： Edward Herbert

IPC: H05K1/18

CPC classification number: H05K1/185 ,  H01L23/4822 ,  H01L23/5389 ,  H01L24/24 ,  H01L24/82 ,  H01L2224/04105 ,  H01L2224/2518 ,  H05K1/0271 ,  H05K3/007 ,  H05K2201/0338 ,  H05K2201/0373 ,  H05K2201/1056 ,  H05K2201/10901 ,  H05K2201/10946

Abstract: Semiconductor die and other components can be mounted in printed circuit boards with a binding agent at their periphery. This leaves both surfaces exposed for subsequent processing, usually over-plating with copper that is then etched to define a conductor pattern, just as in printed circuit manufacture. Methods using the surface tension of liquids for precise component placement in three dimensions (3-D) are shown. Optionally, micro-conductors can be used for the connections to the die, for reduced apparent resistance at high frequencies. The micro-channels between the micro-conductors can be a wick for liquid for evaporative cooling at the semiconductor surface as part of a heat pipe circuit.

Abstract translation: 半导体管芯等组件可以在其周围装有粘合剂的印刷电路板。 这使得两个表面暴露以用于随后的处理，通常用铜进行镀覆，然后被蚀刻以限定导体图案，就像在印刷电路制造中一样。 示出了使用液体的表面张力在三维（3-D）中精确组分放置的方法。 可选地，微导体可用于与管芯的连接，以降低高频下的视在电阻。 微导体之间的微通道可以是作为热管回路的一部分的半导体表面处的用于蒸发冷却的液体的芯。

公开(公告)号：US20130168124A1

公开(公告)日：2013-07-04

申请号：US13615505

申请日：2012-09-13

Applicant: Edward Herbert

Inventor： Edward Herbert

IPC: H01B7/08

CPC classification number: H01B7/0807 ,  H02G1/00

Abstract: A busway for high voltage, high current applications in which connections can be made at arbitrary distance and spacing along its length is made with an insert that is a continuous semi-rigid insulator with continuous conductors installed in it. The busway is fabricated with an insert that is a long flat insulating strip with conductors installed in it, up to hundreds of feet if desired, and rolled up for shipment and handling. When installed, shell segments are installed end-to-end, then the insert is unrolled, folded into an inverted “U” shape, then installed in the shell segments as a continuous insulator and conductor. The inverted “U” shape tends to repel moisture that may enter from the top, and no segment-to-segment connectors are needed.

Abstract translation: 用于高电压，高电流应用的母线槽，其中可以以任意距离和沿着其长度的间隔进行连接，其中插入件是连续的半刚性绝缘体，其中连续导体安装在其中。 母线槽由插入件制成，该插入件是长的扁平绝缘条带，其中安装有导体，如果需要，可达数百英尺，并卷起以用于装运和处理。 安装时，壳段端对端安装，插入件展开，折叠成“U”形，然后作为连续绝缘体和导体安装在壳段中。 反转的“U”形倾向于排斥可能从顶部进入的水分，并且不需要段到片段的连接器。

公开(公告)号：US07394230B1

公开(公告)日：2008-07-01

申请号：US11163308

申请日：2005-10-13

Applicant: Edward Herbert

Inventor： Edward Herbert

IPC: G05F1/10 ,  H02J7/00

CPC classification number: H02M3/00 ,  G01R19/2503

Abstract: In a fast power converter with distributed output capacitors with parasitic impedances between them, the settling time of the output voltage is too long, making voltage unsuitable as a control input. The charge on each of the distributed output capacitors can be measured, preferably differentially, in a summing network in which the conductance of each of the summing resistors is proportional to the capacitance of the capacitor with which it is associated. The charges can be summed as a total charge control input for the fast power converter. The total charge control is very sensitive to changes in the output current, and is insensitive to lags, ringing and/or oscillations of the voltages among the distributed capacitors. If the output capacitor of a VRM is small compared to the total capacitance, the impedance of its connector is largely mitigated.

Abstract translation: 在具有分布式输出电容器的具有寄生阻抗的快速功率转换器中，输出电压的稳定时间过长，使得电压不适合作为控制输入。 每个分布式输出电容器上的电荷可以优选地在差分地测量，其中每个相加电阻器的电导与其相关联的电容器的电容成比例的求和网络中。 电荷可以作为快速功率转换器的总充电控制输入相加。 总电荷控制对输出电流的变化非常敏感，并且对分布式电容器之间的电压的滞后，振铃和/或振荡不敏感。 如果VRM的输出电容器与总电容相比较小，则其连接器的阻抗被大大减轻。

公开(公告)号：US07139180B1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-21

申请号：US11162591

申请日：2005-09-15

Applicant: Edward Herbert

Inventor： Edward Herbert

IPC: H02M7/00

CPC classification number: H02M1/42 ,  H02M7/2176 ,  H02M2001/4291 ,  Y02B70/12 ,  Y02B70/126 ,  Y02P80/112

Abstract: A three phase buck power converter having input power control is described. The power converter uses a three input buck converter comprising switches for each phase, a catch rectifier, an inductor and an output capacitor. The duty cycle of the three switches is constrained to have a sine function relationship that may be derived from the input voltage wave form or from a reference oscillator. When so constrained, the input currents have high power factor. The output is a precise, high quality dc voltage, comparable to the output of a dc—dc buck converter, and the dynamic response is comparable. Voltage mode and current mode controls are shown, as is a precise line regulation feed forward for the voltage mode embodiment. The three phase buck power converter may be operated in reverse as a three phase boost converter, as they are reciprocal. A three phase ac—ac converter may have a three phase buck converter as its input and a three phase boost converter as its output.

Abstract translation: 描述具有输入功率控制的三相降压功率转换器。 功率转换器使用包括每相开关的三输入降压转换器，捕捉整流器，电感器和输出电容器。 三个开关的占空比被限制为具有可以从输入电压波形或从参考振荡器导出的正弦函数关系。 输入电流如此受限，功率因数较高。 输出是精确的高品质直流电压，与直流 - 直流降压转换器的输出相当，动态响应相当。 示出了电压模式和电流模式控制，以及电压模式实施例的精确线调节前馈。 三相降压功率转换器可以相反地作为三相升压转换器工作，因为它们是互逆的。 三相交流 - 交流转换器可以具有作为其输入的三相降压转换器和作为其输出的三相升压转换器。