公开(公告)号：US07486431B2

公开(公告)日：2009-02-03

申请号：US11559770

申请日：2006-11-14

Applicant: Mario Rabinowitz

Inventor： Mario Rabinowitz

IPC: A63B39/00 ,  B32B37/00 ,  B32B38/10 ,  B29D11/00 ,  G09G3/34 ,  G02B26/00

CPC classification number: G02B26/026 ,  F24S23/77 ,  F24S23/82 ,  F24S30/40 ,  F24S2023/85 ,  F24S2023/872 ,  Y02E10/47

Abstract: Method and apparatus are presented for the mass production manufacturing of planar mirrors inside transparent micro balls circumscribed by lubricated bearings for solar energy concentration and related applications such as optical switches, etc. These bearings permit rotational alignment of the balls with minimal friction. The preferred mass production process utilizes photolithography in an optical microlithographic photoresist process. The micro-balls are in the size range of ˜1 micron (1×10-6 m) to 1000 microns (1 mm). The micro-balls vary in geometry from spheres to cylinders to oblate ellipsoids to disks. The term “elements” is used to encompass all these shapes, which have one thing in common—a flat specularly reflecting mirrored surface. An important aspect of the manufacturing process is the containment of the mirrored micro-balls in the interior of lubricated bearings which are preferably concentric with the balls, which circumscribed concentricity can also be preferably accomplished by a microlithographic process.

Abstract translation: 提出了用于太阳能集中的润滑轴承和诸如光学开关等相关应用的外部透明微球内的平面镜的大规模生产制造的方法和装置。这些轴承允许滚珠以最小的摩擦进行旋转对准。 优选的批量生产方法在光学微光刻胶工艺中使用光刻法。 微球的尺寸范围为〜1微米（1×10-6米）至1000微米（1mm）。 微球的几何形状从球体到圆柱体不同，以椭圆形到圆盘。 术语“元素”用于包含所有这些形状，它们有一个共同点 - 平面镜面反射镜面。 制造过程的一个重要方面是将润滑轴承的内部中的镜像微球容纳在优选与球同心的位置，该外接的同心度也可优选地通过微光刻工艺实现。

公开(公告)号：US07187490B2

公开(公告)日：2007-03-06

申请号：US11031304

申请日：2005-01-07

Applicant: Mario Rabinowitz

Inventor： Mario Rabinowitz

IPC: G02B26/00

CPC classification number: G02B26/026 ,  F24S23/77 ,  F24S23/82 ,  F24S2023/87 ,  Y02E10/40

Abstract: The instant invention is concerned with method and apparatus for induced dipole alignment of solar concentrator micro-mirrors. Novel method and apparatus are taught for coupling to, addressing, and alignment of a micro-optics solar concentrator system for single-axis and two-axis tracking. Mirrored micro-balls are covered with a thin spherical shell of lubricating liquid so that they are free to rotate in an almost frictionless encapsulation in the sheet. Novel method and apparatus are presented for matching the overall ball density with that of the lubricating fluid. Broadly this invention deals with novel concepts used for alignment in the focussing of light wherever mirrors are used for focussing such as for solar propulsion assist, illumination and projection of light, optical switching, etc. A particularly important objective is the focussing of sunlight for solar power conversion and production.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于太阳能集中器微反射镜的感应偶极对准的方法和装置。 教导了用于单轴和双轴跟踪的微光学太阳能集中器系统的耦合，寻址和对准的新颖方法和装置。 镜面微球被润滑液体的薄球形壳体覆盖，使得它们在片材中几乎无摩擦的封装中自由旋转。 提出了将整体球密度与润滑流体的总体密度相匹配的新方法和装置。 广泛地说，本发明涉及用于聚焦光的对准的新颖概念，无论何时使用反射镜用于聚焦，例如用于太阳能推进辅助，照明和投射光，光学切换等。一个特别重要的目标是将太阳聚焦于太阳 电力转换生产。

公开(公告)号：US07130102B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-31

申请号：US10894241

申请日：2004-07-19

Applicant: Mario Rabinowitz

Inventor： Mario Rabinowitz

IPC: G02B26/00 ,  G02F1/29 ,  G09G3/34

CPC classification number: G09F9/372 ,  F16C33/1035 ,  F24S23/77 ,  F24S2023/87 ,  G02B26/026 ,  G02B26/0833 ,  Y02E10/40

Abstract: This invention deals with the broad general concept for dynamic reflection, illumination and direct image projection. A mini-optics reflection and focussing system is presented that ranges from interior illumination, to exterior illumination, to large scale space based illumination, to ordinary and to telescopic image formation. It can be used both as a source of illumination, and to project images, figures, and the written word. This system has broad applications such as dynamic full color displays. Its use of a novel induced dipole coupling for rotation of planar mirrors lets it operate with greater simplicity and efficiency than other display devices. Furthermore in its capacity as a high altitude active reflector of solar radiation, it can be utilized to supply illumination, energy, and provide climate control.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及动态反射，照明和直接图像投影的广泛的一般概念。 提出了一种从室内照明到外部照明，大尺寸空间照明，普通和望远镜图像形成的微型光学反射和聚焦系统。 它既可以用作照明源，也可以用于投影图像，图形和书面文字。 该系统具有广泛的应用，如动态全彩显示。 它使用新颖的感应偶极耦合来平面反射镜的旋转使得它能够以比其他显示装置更大的简单性和效率运行。 此外，作为太阳辐射的高空活性反射器，它可以用于提供照明，能源和提供气候控制。

公开(公告)号：US07112253B2

公开(公告)日：2006-09-26

申请号：US10691351

申请日：2003-10-22

Applicant: Mario Rabinowitz

Inventor： Mario Rabinowitz

IPC: G02B5/08 ,  B32B37/04 ,  B32B38/04

CPC classification number: G02B26/026 ,  B29C69/004 ,  B29D99/0042 ,  B29L2031/54 ,  F24S23/70 ,  F24S23/80 ,  F24S23/82 ,  F24S2023/85 ,  F24S2023/87 ,  F24S2023/872 ,  Y02E10/40 ,  Y10S359/90 ,  Y10T156/1082 ,  Y10T156/1084 ,  Y10T156/137

Abstract: Method and apparatus are presented for manufacturing transparent mirrored spheroidal mini-balls for solar energy and related applications such as optical switches. For these applications it is imperative to provide accurate specular reflection from the mirror. Various means are described for maintaining the desired mirror flatness and avoiding warping, buckling, etc. of the mirror surface during manufacture. The mini-balls are in the size range of 4 microns (4×10−6 m) to 10 centimeters (10−1 m), and are transparent in at least one hemisphere. They preferably have a reflecting mid-plane mirror, though they can also be mirrored on a flat top of the ball.

Abstract translation: 提出了用于制造用于太阳能的透明镜像球形微球和诸如光开关的相关应用的方法和装置。 对于这些应用，必须从镜子提供准确的镜面反射。 描述了用于在制造期间保持期望的镜面平整度和避免镜面的翘曲，弯曲等的各种手段。 微球的尺寸范围为4微米（4×10 -6 -6米）至10厘米（10 -1 -1米），并且在至少一个半球中是透明的 。 他们最好有一个反射的中平面镜，尽管它们也可以镜像在球的平顶上。

公开(公告)号：US07077361B1

公开(公告)日：2006-07-18

申请号：US11047320

申请日：2005-01-31

Applicant: Mario Rabinowitz

Inventor： Mario Rabinowitz

IPC: B64G1/44

CPC classification number: B64G1/44 ,  F24S23/77 ,  F24S2023/85 ,  F24S2023/872 ,  H01L31/0547 ,  Y02E10/40 ,  Y02E10/52

Abstract: There is an increasingly intense need to harness solar energy due to an ever growing shortage of conventional energy sources, The instant invention is concerned with method and apparatus for solar concentrator micro-mirrors on solar power satellites and the moon to focus and reflect large quantities of solar energy. Method and apparatus are taught for directly reflecting solar energy to the Earth; reflecting solar energy to a microwave converter in space which transmits microwave energy to the Earth; and reflecting solar energy to a laser radiation converter which beams laser radiation to the Earth. The concentrated energy received at the Earth may be converted directly to electricity or indirectly by thermo-mechanical means. The advantages and disadvantages of the different means of sending such concentrated energy to the Earth are discussed. A particularly important objective of this invention is the focussing of sunlight for solar power conversion and production. The instant invention can contribute to the goal of achieving environmentally clean solar energy on a large enough scale to be competitive with conventional energy sources.

Abstract translation: 由于常规能源的不断增加，对太阳能的需求日益增加。本发明涉及用于太阳能发电卫星的太阳能集中器微反射镜的方法和装置，并且月亮聚焦并反映大量的 太阳能。 教导了将太阳能直接反射到地球的方法和装置; 将太阳能反射到空间中的微波转换器，将微波能量传输到地球; 并将太阳能反射到将激光辐射射向地球的激光辐射转换器。 在地球接收的集中能量可以直接转换为电力，也可以通过热机械方式间接转换。 讨论了将这种集中能量发送到地球的不同手段的优缺点。 本发明的一个特别重要的目标是将太阳光的聚焦集中在太阳能转换和生产中。 本发明可以有助于在足够大的规模上实现环境清洁太阳能以与常规能源竞争的目标。

公开(公告)号：US20060150968A1

公开(公告)日：2006-07-13

申请号：US11031304

申请日：2005-01-07

Applicant: Mario Rabinowitz

Inventor： Mario Rabinowitz

IPC: F24J2/00

CPC classification number: G02B26/026 ,  F24S23/77 ,  F24S23/82 ,  F24S2023/87 ,  Y02E10/40

Abstract: Due to an ever growing shortage of conventional energy sources, there is an increasingly intense interest in harnessing solar energy. The instant invention is concerned with method and apparatus for induced dipole alignment of solar concentrator micro-mirrors. Novel method and apparatus are taught for coupling to, addressing, and alignment of a micro-optics solar concentrator system for single-axis and two-axis tracking. Mirrored micro-balls are covered with a thin spherical shell of lubricating liquid so that they are free to rotate in an almost frictionless encapsulation in the sheet. Novel method and apparatus are presented for matching the overall ball density with that of the lubricating fluid. Broadly this invention deals with novel concepts used for alignment in the focussing of light wherever mirrors are used for focussing such as for solar propulsion assist, illumination and projection of light, optical switching, etc. A particularly important objective is the focussing of sunlight for solar power conversion and production. The instant invention can contribute to the goal of achieving environmentally clean solar energy on a large enough scale to be competitive with conventional energy sources.

Abstract translation: 由于常规能源不断增加，对太阳能利用的兴趣日益增加。 本发明涉及用于太阳能集中器微反射镜的感应偶极对准的方法和装置。 教导了用于单轴和双轴跟踪的微光学太阳能集中器系统的耦合，寻址和对准的新颖方法和装置。 镜面微球被润滑液体的薄球形壳体覆盖，使得它们在片材中几乎无摩擦的封装中自由旋转。 提出了将整体球密度与润滑流体的总体密度相匹配的新方法和装置。 广泛地说，本发明涉及用于聚焦光的对准的新颖概念，无论何时使用反射镜用于聚焦，例如用于太阳能推进辅助，照明和投射光，光学切换等。一个特别重要的目标是将太阳聚焦于太阳 电力转换生产。 本发明可以有助于在足够大的规模上实现环境清洁太阳能以与常规能源竞争的目标。

公开(公告)号：US06988809B2

公开(公告)日：2006-01-24

申请号：US10760068

申请日：2004-01-16

Applicant: Mario Rabinowitz

Inventor： Mario Rabinowitz

IPC: G02B7/182

CPC classification number: G02B26/0833 ,  F24S23/70 ,  F24S23/77 ,  F24S2023/85 ,  F24S2023/87 ,  F24S2023/872 ,  G02B26/026 ,  Y02E10/40

Abstract: Due to an ever growing shortage of conventional energy sources, there is an increasingly intense interest in harnessing solar energy. Broadly this invention deals with the general concept of method, apparatus, and consequences of focussing light. Specifically the Coherent-Micro-Macro-Collector of this invention is the unique total solar collector system consisting of concentrator and receiver. Method and apparatus are detailed for systems with: 1. Passive or non-tracking. 2. Semi-Passive tracking 2. Single-axis tracking. 3. Two-axis tracking. Also detailed are means for operating the collector system of micro-optics and receiver on the ground and protection means. A particularly important object of the CMMC is the focussing of sunlight for solar power conversion and production.

Abstract translation: 由于常规能源不断增加，对太阳能利用的兴趣日益增加。 本发明广泛地涉及聚焦光的方法，装置和后果的一般概念。 具体地说，本发明的相干微型微集电器是由集中器和接收器组成的独特的总太阳能收集器系统。 系统的方法和装置详细说明：1.被动或非跟踪。 2.半无源跟踪2.单轴跟踪。 三轴跟踪。 还详细说明了在地面和保护装置上操作微光学和接收器的收集器系统的装置。 CMMC的一个特别重要的对象是太阳能转换和生产的太阳能集中。

公开(公告)号：US06738176B2

公开(公告)日：2004-05-18

申请号：US10135073

申请日：2002-04-30

Applicant: Mario Rabinowitz ,  Mark Davidson

Inventor： Mario Rabinowitz ,  Mark Davidson

IPC: G02B2600

CPC classification number: H04Q11/0005 ,  F24S23/77 ,  F24S2023/85 ,  F24S2023/872 ,  G02B6/3516 ,  G02B6/3556 ,  G02B6/356 ,  G02B6/3574 ,  G02B26/026 ,  H04Q2011/003 ,  H04Q2011/0035 ,  Y02E10/40

Abstract: This invention deals with a novel general concept for a multi-wavelength switching ensemble which is controlled electrically, electromagetically, or magnetically. A switching system is presented that permits the input to control the output. It allows a full 180 degree rotation of the beam which greatly exceeds the rotational capability of conventional systems. Furthermore, the instant invention permits less costly and greater ease of manufacture.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于电波长，电磁学或磁控制的多波长切换组合的新概念。 提供一种允许输入控制输出的开关系统。 它允许梁的整个180度旋转，其大大超过常规系统的旋转能力。 此外，本发明允许更低的成本和更容易的制造。

公开(公告)号：US06698693B2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-02

申请号：US10124538

申请日：2002-04-16

Applicant: Mark P. Davidson ,  Mario Rabinowitz

Inventor： Mark P. Davidson ,  Mario Rabinowitz

IPC: B64G144

CPC classification number: G02B26/026 ,  B64G1/401 ,  B64G1/407 ,  B64G1/446 ,  F02K9/00 ,  F24S23/70 ,  F24S23/77 ,  F24S2023/85 ,  F24S2023/87 ,  F24S2023/872 ,  Y02E10/40 ,  Y10S136/292

Abstract: This invention relates generally to method and apparatus for solar-boost assist and solar-sail assist by a mini-optics light concentrator system utilizing a dynamic ensemble of mini-mirrors. In the boost phase of a rocket ship launch, the system focusses solar energy into the rocket chamber to raise the temperature of the propellant and increase the impulse. In the mid-course phase, the system focusses solar energy onto the rocket's solar sail to increase the thrust. In both cases, the system reduces the weight of the rocket by providing a weightless source of thrust.

Abstract translation: 本发明一般涉及利用微型反射镜的动态组合的微型光学聚光器系统的太阳能升压辅助和太阳帆辅助的方法和装置。 在火箭发射的提升阶段，该系统将太阳能集中在火箭炮室中，以提高推进剂的温度并增加冲击。 在中期阶段，该系统将太阳能集中在火箭的太阳帆上，以增加推力。 在这两种情况下，该系统通过提供无重量的推力来降低火箭的重量。

公开(公告)号：US5967873A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-19

申请号：US909259

申请日：1997-08-11

Applicant: Mario Rabinowitz

Inventor： Mario Rabinowitz

IPC: H01J1/304 ,  H01J9/02 ,  H01J29/04

CPC classification number: H01J29/04 ,  H01J1/304 ,  H01J9/022 ,  H01J9/025 ,  H01J2201/317 ,  H01J2237/3146 ,  H01J2329/00

Abstract: Method and apparatus are presented for the generation, regeneration, and transplantation of field enhancing whiskers to provide for an improved cathode in flat panel displays in particular, and in other applications. Such applications comprise devices in which there is an emissive cathode structure for producing electrons. There are dear advantages for the instant invention in the case of a flat panel display which requires a relatively large cathode area, because the present invention avoids excessive power loss due to radiation and conduction loss by permitting operation of the cathode at a significantly lower temperature than if it operated solely as a thermionic emitter. The combination of moderately elevated temperature and enhanced electric field allows the advantages of thermo-field assisted emission.

Abstract translation: 提出了用于产生，再生和移植场增强晶须的方法和装置，以在平板显示器，特别是在其它应用中提供改进的阴极。 这种应用包括其中存在用于产生电子的发射阴极结构的装置。 在需要相对较大的阴极面积的平板显示器的情况下，本发明具有亲爱的优点，因为本发明通过允许阴极以比显着更低的温度操作来避免由于辐射和传导损耗而导致的功率损耗过大 如果它仅作为热离子发射器运行。 中等温度和增强电场的组合允许热场辅助发射的优点。