摘要:
To accurately specify an EGR rate from an output value of an in-cylinder pressure sensor, a specifying method of an EGR rate in an internal combustion engine of the present invention acquires an output value of an in-cylinder pressure sensor at an intake stroke to calculate comparison data related to an in-cylinder pressure at the intake stroke from the acquired sensor output value. An output value of the in-cylinder pressure sensor at an exhaust stroke of the same cycle is also acquired to calculate comparison data related to the in-cylinder pressure at the exhaust stroke from the acquired sensor output value. Two comparison data are compared to specify the EGR rate of an air-fuel mixture provided for combustion from a difference between the values.
摘要:
An apparatus mounted on a mobile object includes a first receiver for receiving a plurality of information regarding a move of the mobile object, a second receiver for receiving identification information determining a moving position of the mobile object, and a display for displaying indication information in the plurality of the information regarding the move of the mobile object received by the first receiver on the basis of the identification information received by the second receiver.
摘要:
Provided are methods of diagnosing IgA nephropathy in a subject. Optionally, the methods comprise isolating an IgG from the subject and determining whether the IgG binds to a galactose-deficient IgA1. Optionally, the methods comprise providing a biological sample from the subject and detecting in the sample a mutation in a IGH gene, wherein the mutation is in a nucleotide sequence encoding a complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) of a IGH variable region. Optionally, the methods comprise determining a level of IgG specific for a galactose-deficient IgA1 in the subject. Also provided are methods of treating or reducing the risk of developing IgA nephropathy in a subject.
摘要:
An optical information recording medium includes a recording layer that includes a mark layer in which recording marks formed in accordance with condensed recording light are aligned and has a recording light absorption amount of 20.8% or less with respect to an innermost depth as a depth of the mark layer from a side thereof that the recording light enters to a side thereof that is most distant from the side that the recording light enters, and a change amount of a light absorption amount with respect to measurement light having a wavelength 10 nm shorter than that of the recording light at a time a light absorption amount with respect to measurement light having the same wavelength as the recording light is used as a reference, of 8.0% or more per 0.30 mm.
摘要:
An electromagnetic-wave suppressing material is provided. The electromagnetic-wave suppressing material includes an ionic liquid and nanometer-order particles mixed with the ionic liquid, where 10 wt % or more of the nanometer-order particles is mixed with respect to 100 wt % of the ionic liquid.
摘要:
A photoelectric conversion device and a method for making same are provided wherein a porous photoelectrode is prevented from dissolution in an electrolyte, a surface plasmon resonance effect can be well obtained, and a drastic improvement in photoelectric conversion efficiency can be attained.In a photoelectric conversion device having a structure wherein an electrolyte layer (6) is filled between a porous photoelectrode (3) formed on a transparent substrate (1) and a counter electrode (4), the porous photoelectrode (3) is constituted of metal/metal oxide fine particles (7) including a core made of a metal and a shell surrounding the core and made of a metal oxide. In a dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion device, a sensitizing dye (8) is adsorbed on the surface of the porous photoelectrode (3).
摘要:
A leadership support system includes a leader terminal and plural member terminals. The member terminals, according to either the relay of communication information not addressed thereto or the reception of communication information addressed thereto, send back a response to the appropriate communication information. The leader terminal determines, based on the times of relaying the communication information, whether or not the member terminal that transmitted the communication information is in danger of isolation. When the leader terminal determines the member terminal in danger of isolation, it outputs a warning signal indicative of a ranger of isolation to that member terminal.
摘要:
A torque estimating system for an internal combustion engine including a plurality of cylinders is provided that is capable of accurately estimating torque for each cylinder.A cylinder pressure of a CPS-mounted cylinder #1 is acquired (step 100). Measured indicated torque Te1 resulting from an explosion in the CPS-mounted cylinder #1 is calculated based on the cylinder pressure (step 102). A first angular acceleration dω1/dt and a second angular acceleration dω2/dt are calculated (steps 104 to 106). Estimated indicated torque Te2 resulting from an explosion in a CPS-less cylinder #2 is calculated using the measured indicated torque Te1 of the CPS-mounted cylinder #1 and a difference value between the second angular acceleration dω2/dt and the first angular acceleration dω1/dt (step 108). If a cylinder pressure sensor is to be disposed in a plurality of cylinders, cylinders in which the CPS is disposed are set such that the number of cylinders in which the explosion takes place between the cylinders having the CPS is equal.
摘要:
The present inventors successfully constructed expression vectors that enable high-level production of foreign gene-derived proteins in mammalian host cells, which comprise a translation-impaired drug resistance gene cistron whose expression has been attenuated by altering the codons to the least frequently used codons in mammals; and a gene cassette which has a cloning site for incorporation of a foreign gene between a highly transcriptionally active promoter and a highly stable polyadenylation signal.
摘要:
A first cell having an electrolyte and a pair of electrodes on the surface of the electrolyte with one of the electrodes facing a gas chamber causes, upon receipt of an applied voltage, a current to flow in accordance with the amount of oxygen discharge while discharging oxygen from the chamber. An open-circuit-induced fault is detected in accordance with a current flow change that is caused by the first cell when the voltage applied to the first cell reverts to a reference level after a temporary deviation from the reference level. A second cell generates a signal in accordance with the oxygen concentration in the measurement target gas chamber. An open-circuit-induced fault is detected in accordance with a signal change that is generated from the second cell when the voltage applied to the first cell reverts to a reference level after a temporary deviation from the reference level.