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41.再颁专利公开(公告)号：USRE38940E1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-24
申请号：US10282753
申请日：2002-10-29
IPC分类号： G05F1/613
CPC分类号： H02M3/1588 , H02M2001/0009 , Y02B70/1466
摘要： A DC to DC buck pulse width modulator converter circuit includes an input, a high side output and a low side output. A high side switch is electrically connected between a common output node and a voltage supply, and controls a flow of current therethrough dependent upon the high side output. A low side switch is electrically connected between the common output node and ground, and controls a flow of current therethrough dependent upon the low side output. A virtual ground amplifier includes a second input electrically connected to ground. A current feedback resistor is electrically connected intermediate the common output node and a first input of the virtual ground amplifier. A variable impedance component is electrically connected to an output of the virtual ground amplifier and to the first input of the virtual ground amplifier. The impedance of the variable impedance component is varied dependent upon the output of the virtual ground amplifier. A sample and hold circuit is electrically connected intermediate the input of the pulse width modulator converter circuit and the variable impedance component. The sample and hold circuit sources a virtual ground current through the variable impedance component, and samples the virtual ground current.
摘要翻译： DC至DC降压脉宽调制器转换器电路包括输入端，高端输出端和低端输出端。 高侧开关电连接在公共输出节点和电压源之间，并根据高侧输出控制电流流过。 低侧开关电连接在公共输出节点和地之间，并根据低端输出控制电流流过。 虚拟地面放大器包括电连接到地的第二输入端。 电流反馈电阻器电连接在公共输出节点和虚拟接地放大器的第一输入端之间。 可变阻抗分量电连接到虚拟接地放大器的输出端和虚拟接地放大器的第一输入端。 可变阻抗分量的阻抗取决于虚拟接地放大器的输出而变化。 采样和保持电路电连接在脉宽调制器转换器电路的输入端和可变阻抗部件之间。 采样和保持电路通过可变阻抗分量产生虚拟接地电流，并对虚拟接地电流进行采样。
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42.发明授权High accuracy digital to analog converter using parallel P and N type resistor ladders 有权高精度数模转换器采用并联P和N型电阻梯公开(公告)号：US06975261B1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-13
申请号：US10988912
申请日：2004-11-15
申请人： Robert H. Isham
发明人： Robert H. Isham
摘要： A D/A converter including first and second R-R2 resistor ladders and a set of SPDT switches. The first R-2R resistor ladder includes N type resistors coupled between a common voltage node and an output voltage node and the second R-2R resistor ladder includes P type resistors coupled between the common and output voltage nodes. The R-2R resistor ladders have multiple common switch terminals, each coupling an N type 2R resistor to a corresponding P type 2R resistor. Each SPDT switch is responsive to a data bit for switching a common switch terminal between the common voltage and a reference voltage. Each N type resistor may be formed in a PWell coupled to the common (or more negative) voltage and each P type resistor may be formed in an NWell coupled to the reference (or more positive) voltage. The SPDT switches may be configured with equivalent switch path impedances.
摘要翻译： D / A转换器包括第一和第二R-R2电阻梯和一组SPDT开关。 第一个R-2R电阻梯包括耦合在公共电压节点和输出电压节点之间的N型电阻，第二个R-2R电阻梯包括耦合在公共和输出电压节点之间的P型电阻。 R-2R电阻梯具有多个公共开关端子，每个都连接一个N型2R电阻器到相应的P型2R电阻器。 每个SPDT开关响应于用于在公共电压和参考电压之间切换公共开关端子的数据位。 每个N型电阻器可以形成在耦合到公共（或更负的）电压的PWell中，并且每个P型电阻器可以形成在耦合到参考（或更正））电压的NWell中。 SPDT开关可以配置等效的开关路径阻抗。
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公开(公告)号：USRE38846E1
公开(公告)日：2005-10-25
申请号：US10375926
申请日：2003-02-26
CPC分类号： G06F1/28 , H02M3/1584
摘要： A multi-phase DC/DC converter having an output voltage and including a plurality of converter channels. Each converter channel includes a converter channel input and a converter channel output. Each converter channel is configured for generating a converter channel current and for adjusting said converter channel current in response to a control signal electrically connected to each converter channel input. A control circuit generates an error signal representative of a comparison of the converter output voltage to a reference voltage. The control circuit includes a plurality of control circuit channels, each of which correspond to a converter channel. Each control circuit channel generates a channel current signal representative of a corresponding converter channel current, and generates a differential channel current signal representative of a comparison of the channel current signal to an average current signal. The average current signal is representative of an overall average current for the converter channels. Each control circuit channel generates a differential error signal representative of a comparison of the error signal to the differential channel current signal. Each control circuit channel includes a pulse width modulator having a ramp input and a control input. The control input is electrically connected to the differential error signal. The pulse width modulator generates the control signal based upon the differential error signal. The control signal is electrically coupled to a corresponding converter channel input. The control circuit generates the average current signal.
摘要翻译： 一种具有输出电压并包括多个转换器通道的多相DC / DC转换器。 每个转换器通道包括转换器通道输入和转换器通道输出。 每个转换器通道被配置为响应于电连接到每个转换器通道输入的控制信号而产生转换器通道电流并用于调整所述转换器通道电流。 控制电路产生代表转换器输出电压与参考电压的比较的误差信号。 控制电路包括多个控制电路通道，每个控制电路通道对应于转换器通道。 每个控制电路通道产生表示对应的转换器通道电流的通道电流信号，并且产生代表通道电流信号与平均电流信号的比较的差分通道电流信号。 平均电流信号代表转换器通道的总平均电流。 每个控制电路通道产生代表误差信号与差分通道电流信号的比较的差分误差信号。 每个控制电路通道包括具有斜坡输入和控制输入的脉宽调制器。 控制输入与差分误差信号电连接。 脉冲宽度调制器根据差分误差信号产生控制信号。 控制信号电耦合到相应的转换器通道输入端。 控制电路产生平均电流信号。
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44.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06246220B1
公开(公告)日：2001-06-12
申请号：US09633316
申请日：2000-08-07
IPC分类号： G05F1613
CPC分类号： H02M3/1588 , H02M2001/0009 , Y02B70/1466
摘要： A DC to DC buck pulse width modulator converter circuit includes an input, a high side output and a low side output. A high side switch is electrically connected between a common output node and a voltage supply, and controls a flow of current therethrough dependent upon the high side output. A low side switch is electrically connected between the common output node and ground, and controls a flow of current therethrough dependent upon the low side output. A virtual ground amplifier includes a second input electrically connected to ground. A current feedback resistor is electrically connected intermediate the common output node and a first input of the virtual ground amplifier. A variable impedance component is electrically connected to an output of the virtual ground amplifier and to the first input of the virtual ground amplifier. The impedance of the variable impedance component is varied dependent upon the output of the virtual ground amplifier. A sample and hold circuit is electrically connected intermediate the input of the pulse width modulator converter circuit and the variable impedance component. The sample and hold circuit sources a virtual ground current through the variable impedance component, and samples the virtual ground current.
摘要翻译： DC至DC降压脉宽调制器转换器电路包括输入端，高端输出端和低端输出端。 高侧开关电连接在公共输出节点和电压源之间，并根据高侧输出控制电流流过。 低侧开关电连接在公共输出节点和地之间，并根据低端输出控制电流流过。 虚拟地面放大器包括电连接到地的第二输入端。 电流反馈电阻器电连接在公共输出节点和虚拟接地放大器的第一输入端之间。 可变阻抗分量电连接到虚拟接地放大器的输出端和虚拟接地放大器的第一输入端。 可变阻抗分量的阻抗取决于虚拟接地放大器的输出而变化。 采样和保持电路电连接在脉宽调制器转换器电路的输入端和可变阻抗部件之间。 采样和保持电路通过可变阻抗分量产生虚拟接地电流，并对虚拟接地电流进行采样。
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公开(公告)号：US5585712A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-17
申请号：US195666
申请日：1994-02-03
申请人： Robert H. Isham
发明人： Robert H. Isham
CPC分类号： G05F3/267 , Y10T307/266 , Y10T307/50
摘要： A set of series connected power supplies are progressively connected to a load as the voltage to the load increases. Starting with a first voltage power supply, as the load voltage increases at or to the first voltage level, a switch connects the next successive power supply in series with the first power supply and to the load. As the load voltage increases progressively approaching each successively connected power supply in the set of series connected power supplies, the load is switched to the next series connected power supply increasing the voltage and current available to the load. As the load voltage decreases progressively from the highest series connected voltage to the voltage of the next lower series connected power supply voltage, the load is switched to that next lower series connected power supply. In operation, a first power supply is connected in series to a plurality of power supplies. A switch connects the first power supply to a load. As the voltage of that load increases reaching the first power supply level, the switch connects in the next series connected power supply to the load increasing the voltage and the current available to the load. As the voltage increases at the load to the voltage level of the next series connected power supply, the next series connected power supply is switched to the load increasing the voltage and the current available to the load. This switching process continues till the highest voltage level of the series connected power supplies is reached by the load. As the voltage at the load decreases, falling through each next decreasing level, from each successively lower power supply is disconnected.
摘要翻译： 随着负载电压的增加，一组串联电源逐渐连接到负载。 开始于第一电压电源，当负载电压在或等于第一电压电平时，开关将下一个连续的电源与第一电源和负载连接起来。 随着负载电压逐渐增加，逐渐接近串联电源组中的每个相继连接的电源，负载切换到下一个串联电源，从而增加负载可用的电压和电流。 随着负载电压从最高串联电压逐渐降低到下一个较低串联电源电压的电压，负载切换到下一个较低的串联电源。 在操作中，第一电源串联连接到多个电源。 开关将第一个电源连接到负载。 当负载的电压增加到达第一电源电平时，开关将下一个串联的电源连接到负载上，从而增加负载的电压和电流。 随着负载电压在下一个串联电源的电压电平上升，下一个串联的电源切换到负载，增加负载的电压和电流。 该切换过程持续到负载达到串联电源的最高电压电平。 当负载电压降低时，从每个连续下降的电源断开每个下一个降低电平的下降。
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公开(公告)号：US5021747A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-04
申请号：US440187
申请日：1989-11-22
申请人： Robert H. Isham , Victor Zazzu
发明人： Robert H. Isham , Victor Zazzu
CPC分类号： H03G3/3015 , H03G1/007
摘要： A variable impedance element which is utilized to shunt a signal and control the amplitude of the signal utilizes a P-MOS and an N-MOS transistor operated in parallel. Separate control voltages are applied to each device in a direction to lower the impedance of the device with an increase in the peak to peak voltage of the input signal. Thus, by controlling each of the separate shunted transistors from separate peak detectors and according to the polarity of the signal voltage, each transistor will operate somewhat independent from the other to therefore provide accurate gain control and a symmetrical impedance variation.
摘要翻译： 用于分流信号并控制信号幅度的可变阻抗元件利用并联操作的P-MOS和N-MOS晶体管。 随着输入信号的峰峰值电压的增加，分离的控制电压被施加到沿着降低器件阻抗的方向上的每个器件。 因此，通过从单独的峰值检测器控制每个分离的分流晶体管，并且根据信号电压的极性，每个晶体管将以相对于另一个独立的方式操作，从而提供精确的增益控制和对称的阻抗变化。
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公开(公告)号：US09088208B2
公开(公告)日：2015-07-21
申请号：US12840958
申请日：2010-07-21
申请人： Robert H. Isham , Jue Wang
发明人： Robert H. Isham , Jue Wang
CPC分类号： H02M3/156 , G01R19/0092 , H02M2001/0009
摘要： An apparatus for sensing an input current through an inductor includes an RC circuit connected in parallel with the inductor across first and second input pins of an integrated circuit. A voltage monitoring circuit monitors a first voltage at the first input pin of the integrated circuit and monitors a second voltage at the second input pin of the integrated circuit. An op-amp compares the first voltage with the second voltage and generates a control output responsive to the comparison. A current sink circuit responsive to the indication controls the first voltage to substantially equal the second voltage.
摘要翻译： 用于感测通过电感器的输入电流的装置包括与集成电路的第一和第二输入引脚上的电感并联连接的RC电路。 电压监视电路监视集成电路的第一输入引脚处的第一电压并监视集成电路的第二输入引脚处的第二电压。 运算放大器将第一电压与第二电压进行比较，并响应于比较产生控制输出。 响应于该指示的电流吸收电路控制第一电压基本上等于第二电压。
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公开(公告)号：USRE42897E1
公开(公告)日：2011-11-08
申请号：US11294700
申请日：2005-12-05
IPC分类号： G05F1/56
CPC分类号： H02M3/156 , H02M2001/0019
摘要： A DC/DC converter has an output voltage and sources an output current to a load. The DC/DC converter includes an error amplifier with a reference input and a summing input. The reference input is electrically connected to a reference voltage. The summing input is electrically connected to the output voltage and the output current. The summing input is configured for adding together the output voltage and the output current. The error amplifier issues an error signal and adjusts the error signal dependent at least in part upon the output voltage and the output current. A comparator receives the error signal. The comparator has a ramp input electrically connected to a voltage ramp signal. The comparator issues an output signal that is based at least in part upon said error input. A power switch has an on condition and an off condition, and supplies dc current to the load when in the on condition. The power switch has a control input electrically connected to the comparator output signal. The power switch is responsive to the control input to change between the on condition and the off condition to thereby adjust the output current of the DC/DC converter.
摘要翻译： DC / DC转换器具有输出电压并向负载提供输出电流。 DC / DC转换器包括具有参考输入和求和输入的误差放大器。 参考输入电连接到参考电压。 求和输入与输出电压和输出电流电连接。 相加输入被配置为将输出电压和输出电流相加。 误差放大器发出误差信号，并至少部分地根据输出电压和输出电流来调整误差信号。 比较器接收错误信号。 比较器具有电连接到电压斜坡信号的斜坡输入。 比较器至少部分地基于所述误差输入发出输出信号。 电源开关处于导通状态和关闭状态，并在接通状态下向负载提供直流电流。 电源开关具有电连接到比较器输出信号的控制输入。 电源开关响应于控制输入以在接通状态和关闭状态之间改变，从而调节DC / DC转换器的输出电流。
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49.再颁专利公开(公告)号：USRE42532E1
公开(公告)日：2011-07-12
申请号：US11337925
申请日：2006-01-23
CPC分类号： H02M3/1588 , H02M2001/0009 , Y02B70/1466
摘要： A DC to DC buck pulse width modulator converter circuit includes an input, a high side output and a low side output. A high side switch is electrically connected between a common output node and a voltage supply, and controls a flow of current therethrough dependent upon the high side output. A low side switch is electrically connected between the common output node and ground, and controls a flow of current therethrough dependent upon the low side output. A virtual ground amplifier includes a second input electrically connected to ground. A current feedback resistor is electrically connected intermediate the common output node and a first input of the virtual ground amplifier. A variable impedance component is electrically connected to an output of the virtual ground amplifier and to the first input of the virtual ground amplifier. The impedance of the variable impedance component is varied dependent upon the output of the virtual ground amplifier. A sample and hold circuit is electrically connected intermediate the input of the pulse width modulator converter circuit and the variable impedance component. The sample and hold circuit sources a virtual ground current through the variable impedance component, and samples the virtual ground current.
摘要翻译： DC至DC降压脉宽调制器转换器电路包括输入端，高端输出端和低端输出端。 高侧开关电连接在公共输出节点和电压源之间，并根据高侧输出控制电流流过。 低侧开关电连接在公共输出节点和地之间，并根据低端输出控制电流流过。 虚拟地面放大器包括电连接到地的第二输入端。 电流反馈电阻器电连接在公共输出节点和虚拟接地放大器的第一输入端之间。 可变阻抗分量电连接到虚拟接地放大器的输出端和虚拟接地放大器的第一输入端。 可变阻抗分量的阻抗取决于虚拟接地放大器的输出而变化。 采样和保持电路电连接在脉宽调制器转换器电路的输入端和可变阻抗部件之间。 采样和保持电路通过可变阻抗分量产生虚拟接地电流，并对虚拟接地电流进行采样。
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50.再颁专利Method of setting bi-directional offset in a PWM controller using a single programming pin 有权使用单个编程引脚在PWM控制器中设置双向偏移的方法公开(公告)号：USRE41599E1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-31
申请号：US12254450
申请日：2008-10-20
申请人： Robert H. Isham
发明人： Robert H. Isham
IPC分类号： G05F1/10
CPC分类号： H02M3/156 , H02M2001/0025
摘要： A user-programmable bi-directional, constant current generator circuit allows external programming of either a positive (+) or a negative (−) polarity output current, for injection into one of two locations of the PWM controller circuit of a DC-DC voltage converter. The parameters of the DC-DC converter's offset voltage will depend upon the connection of a single programming pin to one of two programming resistors. The programming resistors are respectively referenced to different supply rail voltages (VCC and VSS). The polarity of the offset additionally depends upon where, within the PWM-controlled DC-DC converter, the programmed constant current is injected.
摘要翻译： 用户可编程的双向恒流发生器电路允许外部编程正（+）或负（ - ）极性输出电流，用于注入DC-DC电压的PWM控制器电路的两个位置之一 转换器。 DC-DC转换器的偏移电压的参数将取决于单个编程引脚与两个编程电阻之一的连接。 编程电阻分别以不同的电源电压（VCC和VSS）为参考。 偏移的极性另外取决于在PWM控制的DC-DC转换器内注入编程恒定电流的位置。
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