摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes a movable image bearing member; an image forming device for forming an image on the image bearing member; a transfer device for transferring an image from the image bearing member to a transfer material at a transfer position, wherein the transfer device is contactable to a backside of the transfer material at the transfer position and includes a charging member including a double oxide and a voltage source for applying a voltage to the charging member, and wherein the voltage source constant-voltage-controls the charging member when an image region of the image bearing member is at the transfer position, and constant-current-controls the charging member in at least a part of a period when the image region of the image bearing member is not at the transfer position, wherein a constant voltage for the constant voltage control is determined on the basis of the constant current control.
摘要:
A platen roller comprises a rubber material having a glass transition temperature within the range of from -10.degree. C. to 40.degree. C. mounted around a core metal material.
摘要:
A platen roller comprises a solid cylindrical base body which has rotating shafts secured to both ends thereof and a hard elastic layer which is applied to the outer circumference of the solid cylindrical base body. The ratio of diameter of the solid cylindrical base body to the outside diameter of the finished platen roller including the solid cylindrical base body and the hard elastic layer is arranged to be within a range from 45 to 75%.
摘要:
A disclosed electric power consumption computation device includes an acquisition unit configured to acquire apparatus information from an apparatus connected to the electric power consumption computation device via a predetermined data communication path, and a computation unit configured to compute electric power consumption of the apparatus based on information on a number of output sheets output by the apparatus contained in the apparatus information acquired by the acquisition unit and a TEC value of the apparatus.
摘要:
The present invention relates to composite optical elements, and particularly to a composite optical element in which second and third optical components are coupled to a first optical component. The present invention is advantageous in enhancing optical properties. A composite optical element (1) includes first, second and third optical components (10, 20, 30). The first optical component (10) has a lens surface (13). The second optical component (20) is coupled to the first optical component (10) at the lens surface (13) and has a lens surface (22) at a side opposite to a first coupling surface (21) at which the second optical component (20) is coupled to the first optical component (10). The third optical component (30) is coupled to the second optical component (20) at the lens surface (22) and has a lens surface (32) at a side opposite to a second coupling surface (31) at which the third optical component (30) is coupled to the second optical component (20). The lens surface (13) partially has a first uneven region (13a). The lens surface (22) partially has a third uneven region (22a). The lens surface (32) partially has a third uneven region (32a).
摘要:
The present invention relates, in general, to autotaxin. In particular, the present invention relates to a DNA segment encoding autotaxin; recombinant DNA molecules containing the DNA segment; cells containing the recombinant DNA molecule; a method of producing autotaxin; antibodies to autotaxin; and identification of functional domains in autotaxin.
摘要:
The present invention provides a high-efficiency absorption refrigerating machine which can recover heat from a heat source and can efficiently recover heat from an internal cycle. The absorption refrigerating machine includes an evaporator, an absorber (A), a condenser (C), a high-temperature regenerator (GH), a low-temperature regenerator (GL), a low-temperature solution heat exchanger (LX), and solution paths and refrigerant paths by which these units are connected. The absorption refrigerating machine further comprises two branch solution paths branched from a solution supply path through which a dilute solution is introduced from the absorption (A) to the high-temperature regenerator (GH). On one of the branch solution paths, there is disposed a drain heat exchanger (DX) operable to perform heat exchange between the dilute solution in the branch solution path and an exhaust heat source which has heated the high-temperature regenerator (GH). On the other of the branch solution paths, there are disposed a first high-temperature solution heat exchanger (HX1) and a second high-temperature solution heat exchanger (HX2) operable to perform heat exchange between the dilute solution in the branch solution path and a concentrated solution heated and concentrated in the high-temperature regenerator (GH). The absorption refrigerating machine is configured such that the dilute solution flows through the first high-temperature solution heat exchanger (HX1) and the second high-temperature solution heat exchanger (HX2) in this order, and the concentrated solution discharged from the high-temperature regenerator flows through the second high-temperature solution heat exchanger (HX2) and the first high-temperature solution heat exchanger (HX1) in this order.
摘要:
A method is provided of fabricating a semiconductor device that includes forming a silicon oxide film on a semiconductor substrate. A silicon nitrite film may be formed on the silicon oxide film. A portion of the silicon nitrite film and the silicon oxide film may be removed at a desired portion. Additionally, a groove may be formed in the semiconductor substrate in the portion in which the silicon oxide film is removed. A part of the silicon oxide film may be etched back around the groove with hydrofluoric acid type at the portion in which the silicon nitrite film is located above. Additionally, an oxidized film may be formed in the groove of the semiconductor substrate and the groove may be oxidized.
摘要:
This invention provides an improved electrifying member capable of that can have an electric voltage applied to it to electrify a surface of another member which is to be electrified. In particular, said electrifying member comprises an electrically conductive elastomer obtained by vulcanizing a mixture containing a nitryl rubber, a liquid nitryl rubber, and a non-polar polymer. Therefore, the invention provides an improved electrophotograph apparatus employing the above improved electrifying member, which has a relatively uniform electric resistance and uniform electrifying characteristics, has almost no change in its characteristics even if it has been used for a long time period, and is non-viscous and thus will not stick to a photosensitive body (to be electrified) so that it will not contaminate the photosensitive body.
摘要:
A cellular conductive roller has closed cells and open cells with conductive powder filling the open cells of the cellular conductive roller. A method for making a cellular conductive roller includes filling the open cells in the cellular conductive roller with conductive powder, adhering a tacky sheet to the surface of said cellular conductive roller; then peeling said tacky sheet off the surface of said cellular conductive roller. Also disclosed is an electrophotographic device using the cellular conductive roller and a process cartridge into which the cellular conductive roller is integrated.