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41.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5925223A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-20
申请号：US831315
申请日：1997-04-01
申请人： Gary D. Simpson , Karl Lin
发明人： Gary D. Simpson , Karl Lin
CPC分类号： B01D3/065 , B01D5/0081 , C02F1/04 , F01K17/04 , C02F2103/08 , Y02E20/14 , Y02P70/34 , Y10S159/08 , Y10S203/08 , Y10S203/09 , Y10S203/18 , Y10S203/21
摘要： A process and apparatus for improving the thermal efficiency of a steam turbine power generating plant while simultaneously desalinating seawater or brine and purifying water which contains minerals, salts, and other dissolved solids. Exhaust gases from a power plant is heat exchanged against water in a secondary ecomomizer which circulates water at a temperature near, or slightly above the dewpoint of the combustion exhaust of the high-pressure boiler. The heated water is flashed to produce low-pressure steam. The low-pressure steam is condensed against the last effect of a multi-effect desalinization unit. Steam from the first effect of the desalination unit is condensed against steam condensate from the power plant turbine to preheat the condensate and thereby recover heat from the power plant's exhaust gas. Salinous water is fed to the multi-effect desalinization unit to produce fresh water and a concentrated brine. The low-pressure steam is used to replace high-pressure steam that is used for preheating and deareation of feedwater for the boiler.
摘要翻译： 一种用于提高蒸汽轮机发电厂的热效率的方法和装置，同时使海水或盐水脱盐，并净化含有矿物，盐和其它溶解固体的水。 来自发电厂的废气在二次风力发电机中与水进行热交换，其在高于高压锅炉的燃烧废气的露点附近或稍高于露点的温度下循环水。 加热的水被闪蒸以产生低压蒸汽。 低压蒸汽与多效脱盐装置的最后效果相结合。 来自脱盐单元的第一效果的蒸汽与来自发电厂涡轮机的蒸汽冷凝物冷凝，以预热冷凝物，从而从发电厂的废气中回收热量。 将咸水送入多效脱盐装置以产生淡水和浓盐水。 低压蒸汽用于替代用于锅炉给水预热和脱水的高压蒸汽。
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公开(公告)号：US5622605A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-22
申请号：US419023
申请日：1995-04-10
申请人： Gary D. Simpson , Karl Lin
发明人： Gary D. Simpson , Karl Lin
CPC分类号： C02F1/04 , B01D3/065 , B01D5/0081 , F01K17/04 , C02F2103/08 , Y10S159/39 , Y10S203/08 , Y10S203/18 , Y10S203/21
摘要： A process and apparatus for desalinating seawater or brine and purifying water which contains minerals, salts, and other dissolved solids while simultaneously generating power. The salinous water is heated in a boiler to form steam and a concentrated brine. The concentrated brine is removed from the boiler, the steam produced in the boiler is washed with fresh water to remove trace salts and inorganic materials, and water bearing trace salts and inorganic materials are returned to the boiler. The washed steam is expanded across a turbine to generate electrical or mechanical power which is utilized as a product. The steam exhausted from the turbine is collected and condensed, and one portion of the condensed water is utilized as a fresh water product and another portion of the condensed water is used as the wash water to wash the steam produced in the boiler. Energy efficiency is improved by heat exchanging the hot concentrated brine against the salinous feed water or by flashing the brine to produce steam. Boiler scaling and corrosion may be controlled by feed water pretreatment. By utilizing distillation combined with power generation, demand for fresh water and power can be satisfied simultaneously. Efficiency is further improved by utilizing a low pressure boiler at lower temperatures for desalination in conjunction with a high pressure boiler for producing power.
摘要翻译： 一种用于同时发电的海水或盐水脱盐，净化含有矿物，盐和其他溶解固体的水的方法和装置。 盐水在锅炉中加热以形成蒸汽和浓缩的盐水。 将浓缩的盐水从锅炉中取出，锅炉中产生的蒸汽用淡水洗涤以除去微量的盐和无机物，并将含水痕量盐和无机物质返回到锅炉中。 洗涤的蒸汽在涡轮机上膨胀以产生用作产品的电力或机械功率。 从涡轮机排出的蒸汽被收集和冷凝，并且一部分冷凝水用作淡水产品，另一部分冷凝水用作洗涤水以洗涤在锅炉中产生的蒸汽。 通过将热浓缩盐水与盐水进料水进行热交换或通过使盐水闪蒸以产生蒸汽来提高能量效率。 锅炉结垢和腐蚀可以通过给水预处理来控制。 通过利用蒸汽结合发电，可以同时满足对淡水和电力的需求。 通过在较低温度下利用低压锅炉与用于发电的高压锅炉进行海水淡化，进一步提高了效率。
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公开(公告)号：US5233837A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-10
申请号：US940281
申请日：1992-09-03
申请人： Richard A. Callahan
发明人： Richard A. Callahan
CPC分类号： F25J3/067 , B01D53/229 , C01B21/045 , C01B31/20 , F25J3/066 , C01B2210/0051 , F25J2205/40 , F25J2205/80 , F25J2210/04 , F25J2210/42 , F25J2210/70 , F25J2215/04 , F25J2220/44 , F25J2220/82 , F25J2230/30 , F25J2240/12 , F25J2245/90 , F25J2270/14 , Y02C10/12 , Y02E20/14 , Y02P20/129 , Y02P20/13 , Y02P20/152 , Y10S62/93
摘要： A process for producing liquid carbon dioxide. A process stream which comprises carbon dioxide, balance substantially nitrogen and water, is cooled so that a minor amount of the water is condensed out. The process stream is compressed so that substantially all of the water but trace amounts is condensed out. Next, the process stream is cleaned to remove the trace amounts of water, any long-chain hydrocarbons present and any particulates present. The process stream is then separated into a nitrogen-rich gaseous stream and a carbon dioxide-rich gaseous stream. The carbon dioxide-rich gaseous stream is then compressed and the nitrogen-rich gaseous stream is expanded to produce an expanded nitrogen-rich gaseous stream. The energy of the expanding is used to compress the carbon dioxide-rich gaseous stream. The compressed carbon dioxide-rich gaseous stream is cooled to liquefy the carbon dioxide in the stream and reduce the temperature of the gaseous nitrogen in the stream. The liquefied carbon dioxide is withdrawn as product. The liquefying of the carbon dioxide-rich gaseous stream is by using the expanded nitrogen-rich gaseous stream. After the liquefying, the nitrogen-rich gaseous stream is used to perform at least part of the first cooling. In a preferred form, the process stream results from combusting a mixture of fuel and oxygen in a heat engine to drive an electrical generator with the product of the heat engine to produce electricity and also yielding the process stream. Apparatus for the production of liquid carbon dioxide which includes devices to perform each of the process steps.
摘要翻译： 一种生产液态二氧化碳的方法。 包含二氧化碳，基本上平衡氮和水的工艺流被冷却，使得少量的水冷凝出来。 将工艺物流压缩，使得基本上所有的水，但痕量都被冷凝出来。 接下来，清洁工艺流以除去痕量的水，存在的任何长链烃和存在的任何颗粒。 然后将工艺流分离成富氮气流和富含二氧化碳的气流。 然后将富含二氧化碳的气流压缩，并使富氮气流膨胀以产生膨胀的富氮气流。 膨胀的能量用于压缩富含二氧化碳的气流。 将压缩的富含二氧化碳的气流冷却以使物流中的二氧化碳液化并降低气流中的气态氮的温度。 液化二氧化碳作为产品被取出。 富含二氧化碳的气流的液化是通过使用膨胀的富氮气流。 液化后，使用富氮气流进行至少部分第一次冷却。 在优选的形式中，工艺流是由于在发动机中燃烧燃料和氧气的混合物而产生的，以利用热机的产品来驱动发电机产生电力并产生工艺流。 用于生产液体二氧化碳的装置，其包括用于执行每个工艺步骤的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US4553396A
公开(公告)日：1985-11-19
申请号：US606529
申请日：1984-05-03
申请人： Ray T. Heizer
发明人： Ray T. Heizer
摘要： A system for concentration of waste cooling tower blowdown in a steam turbine power plant. The cooling tower blowdown feed is withdrawn from a main power plant condenser and is recirculated through an auxiliary cooling tower and an auxiliary condenser. The auxiliary condenser utilizes waste heat steam drawn from the main condenser as an energy source. Evaporation continuously takes place in the auxiliary cooling tower concentrating the cooling tower blowdown so that it may be withdrawn and sent to a concentrating pond or other slurry handling station for final disposal.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在蒸汽轮机发电厂中集中废物冷却塔排污的系统。 冷却塔排污进料从主发电厂冷凝器中取出，并通过辅助冷却塔和辅助冷凝器再循环。 辅助冷凝器利用从主冷凝器抽取的废热蒸汽作为能源。 在辅助冷却塔中连续蒸发浓缩冷却塔排污，以便将其抽出并送到浓缩池或其他浆料处理站进行最终处置。
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45.发明授权Process for obtaining energy, soft water and by-products from aqueous substances 失效从含水物质中获得能量，软水和副产物的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4344847A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-17
申请号：US120273
申请日：1980-02-11
申请人： Edouard P. Grenet
发明人： Edouard P. Grenet
摘要： The aqueous substance, for example sea water, is boiled, the steam produced is fed under pressure into a turbo-alternator turbine producing electricity, the residual steam is reduced into soft water and the residue of evaporation, for example sea salt, is recovered as a by-product.The steam is fed directly or on leaving the turbine onto iron heated to about 800.degree. C., which supplies hydrogen and as a by-product ferric oxide. The initial source of energy is, besides solar energy, any known source of energy, such as coal situated at great depths. The starting aqueous substance is, apart from sea water, waste sludges, a rock salt solution or a mixture of sludges and salt solution. In the case of sludges, the by-product is a dry and sterilized fertilizer transformable into fuel bricks. The salt residue is transformable by electrolysis into hydrogen and sodium chlorate, which is a fuel. The sludge-salt residue supplies a combustible mixture. Dried sludges-sodium chlorate, is mixable with household waste for promoting the combustibility thereof. The sodium chlorate can be transformed into potassium chlorate and the steam under pressure may be condensed in distant reservoirs and its heat recovered. The energies produced in the turbo alternator or fuel-by products are usable in the process.
摘要翻译： 将水性物质，例如海水煮沸，将产生的蒸汽在压力下进入发电的涡轮交流发电机，将残余蒸汽还原成软水，蒸发残余物例如海盐回收为 副产品。 蒸汽直接或离开涡轮机进入加热至约800℃的铁，其供应氢气和副产物三氧化二铁。 能源的最初来源除了太阳能之外，还有任何已知的能源，如位于较深的煤层。 起始含水物质除海水外，还有废渣，岩盐溶液或泥浆和盐溶液的混合物。 在污泥的情况下，副产物是可变形成燃料砖的干燥和灭菌的肥料。 盐残渣可以通过电解转化为氢和氯酸钠，这是一种燃料。 污泥盐残渣供应可燃混合物。 干氯酸钠可与家庭垃圾混合以促进其可燃性。 氯酸钠可以转化成氯酸钾，压力下的蒸汽可以在远离的水库中冷凝，并回收热量。 在涡轮发电机或燃料产品中产生的能量可用于该过程中。
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公开(公告)号：US4227373A
公开(公告)日：1980-10-14
申请号：US963786
申请日：1978-11-27
IPC分类号： B01D3/06 , C02F1/04 , C02F1/16 , F01K17/04 , F01K21/00 , F01K25/02 , F22B27/00 , F22B27/12 , F22B37/32 , F01K23/10
CPC分类号： C02F1/16 , F01K21/005 , Y02E20/16
摘要： Steam is produced from aqueous brine, by a process that employs hot fluid, nozzle means and rotary separator means. Process steps include:(a) transferring heat from said hot fluid to said brine,(b) passing the heated brine in pressurized state to the nozzle means for flow therethrough, and expanding the flow therein thereby to form steam and liquid droplets, and(c) causing said expanded flow to rotate the rotary separator means for forming a layer of said brine on the separator means and accompanied by steam separation and for subsequent removal.The liquid from the rotating layer and/or the separated steam may be used to drive turbine means; the hot fluid may comprise combustion products from a combustion source; and several stages of separators may be employed.
摘要翻译： 通过采用热流体，喷嘴装置和旋转分离器装置的方法由含水盐水制造蒸汽。 工艺步骤包括：（a）将热量从所述热流体转移到所述盐水，（b）将加热的盐水在加压状态下通过喷嘴装置以流过其中，并使其中的流动膨胀从而形成蒸汽和液滴，和 c）使所述扩张的流动使旋转分离器装置旋转，以在分离器装置上形成所述盐水层，并伴随蒸汽分离并随后移除。 来自旋转层和/或分离蒸汽的液体可用于驱动涡轮机构; 热流体可以包括来自燃烧源的燃烧产物; 并且可以采用几级分离器。
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47.发明授权Method and an installation for improving the energy balance of installations for processing chemical process streams and especially petroleum refineries 失效用于改善用于处理化学工艺流，特别是炼油厂的设备的能量平衡的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US3968030A
公开(公告)日：1976-07-06
申请号：US538380
申请日：1975-01-03
申请人： Pierre Cros
发明人： Pierre Cros
摘要： In a chemical processing plant such as a petroleum refinery, provision is made for steam boilers and heating furnaces in which the energy consumed by the boilers for generating steam exceeds the energy consumed by the heating furnaces. The steam is produced at a pressure level which is sufficient to operate at least one back-pressure turbo-alternator, then to heat the chemical process stream to a sufficiently high temperature by heat exchange with the steam recovered at the outlet of the turbo-alternator.
摘要翻译： 在诸如炼油厂的化学加工厂中，提供蒸汽锅炉和加热炉，其中用于产生蒸汽的锅炉消耗的能量超过加热炉消耗的能量。 蒸汽以足以操作至少一个背压涡轮交流发电机的压力水平产生，然后通过与涡轮交流发电机出口处回收的蒸汽进行热交换来将化学工艺流加热到足够高的温度 。
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公开(公告)号：US3607664A
公开(公告)日：1971-09-21
申请号：US3607664D
申请日：1968-12-13
发明人： MASCARELLO JEAN , PERSONNIC ROGER
CPC分类号： B01D5/0036 , B01D3/065 , B01D5/0006 , C02F1/06 , F01K9/00 , F01K17/04
摘要： A steam condensation plant comprising a plurality of condensers incorporates a flash distillation apparatus which includes an instantaneous vaporization and condensation chamber associated with at least one of the condensers. Impure feed water for the apparatus comprises cooling water from the plant and is derived from downstream of said one of the condensers.
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公开(公告)号：US3567952A
公开(公告)日：1971-03-02
申请号：US3567952D
申请日：1966-02-03
申请人： GEORGE D DOLAND
发明人： DOLAND GEORGE D
摘要： The invention described herein relates to an improved water and power plant system. The system consists of a means for producing steam which is used for a steam turbine prime mover driving an electrical generator. Steam is extracted from the steam expansion cycle to operate the water plant. High efficiency is achieved by operating the turbine at pressures and temperatures similar to a power-only plant. Thermal economy for the water plant is gained by using the exhaust steam of the turbine to preheat the water plant feed. Additional thermal economy is gained by recovering energy from the water plant discharged concentrated impure water and product water.
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50.发明授权Desalination process by multi-effect,multi-stage flash distillation combined with power generation 失效多功能脱盐工艺，与发电相结合的多级闪蒸系统
公开(公告)号：US3489652A
公开(公告)日：1970-01-13
申请号：US3489652D
申请日：1966-04-18
CPC分类号： C02F1/16 , C02F2103/08 , F01K17/04 , Y02A20/128 , Y10S159/32 , Y10S159/39 , Y10S203/21
摘要： 1,169,263. Evaporators, flash type; desalination of sea water. AMERICAN MACHINE & FOUNDRY CO. 11 April, 1967 [18 April, 1966], No. 16440/67. Heading B1.B. [Also in Division F1] Heated sea water is passed from line 22 serially through the flash chambers of a multi-stage flash evaporator which are maintained at successively lower pressures, the vapour flashed off from the sea water in the chambers of the stages 106 e , 106 f at lowest pressure, preferably in excess of atmospheric pressure, is passed through lines 124, 126 to a low-pressure turbine 38 which is coupled to a generator 40 for producing electric power, and the vapours produced in the other flash stages are condensed directly on the condenser tubes associated with these flash stages. The condensate is. withdrawn from the evaporator to cooler 70. The exhaust steam from turbine 38 is passed to condenser 44, from which the condensate mixes in line 50 with the distillate from cooler 70, thus collecting the desired product, i.e. desalinated water, which is withdrawn from the system. As shown, the evaporator has two sets of flash stages 100, 102, associated with a heater 20 supplied with steam from turbine 128 which is itself supplied with high-pressure steam from nuclear reactor 10. The sea water to be distilled is used as cooling-medium in condenser 44, and is then pumped through either distillate-cooler 70 or a brine-cooler 72. The sea water is then treated with acid and is introduced into deaerator 78 from which carbon dioxide and air are withdrawn by eductor 80, operated by a stream of sea water. The de-aerated sea water is pumped through the condenser tubes 108, 110 of the evaporator, and then flows through heater 20 where the temperature of the water is raised to about 260‹-290‹F. The heated sea water then enters the first flash stage 104a. A portion of the brine from stage 104f is mixed with the feed sea water in the condenser tube of stage 104d, and the remaining brine is fed to the first flash stage 106a of the second set 102. Part of the brine is pumped from the last flash stage 106f through heat-exchange tubes 120, 122 and then mixed in line 116 with the brine flowing into flash stage 106a. The remainder of the brine from stage 106f is discharged from the system through cooler 72. After treatment in deaerator 78, the feed may be preheated by heat-exchange with waste heat from nuclear reactor 10, or bleed steam from turbine 38.
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