Abstract:
The present invention relates to a device for compensating a radio frequency distortion caused by a sample/hold operation of a digital/analog converter in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission system, and a method thereof. In a digital transmission system, an edge frequency signal of a transmission signal band is distorted by a sample/hold operation of a digital/analog converter such that a signal attenuation is generated at a frequency domain by a sync function having a zero point at a sample frequency of a transmission signal. In the present invention, the signal distortion may be compensated by multiplying a coefficient of an inverse sync function by a signal weight value at the frequency domain, and it may be compensated by using a single multiplier and a lookup table storing the coefficient of the inverse sync function.
Abstract:
A polymer electrolyte membrane including an ionic conducting polymer and a light-irradiated product of a photoacid generator (PAG), a method of manufacturing the same, and a fuel cell using the same. The polymer electrolyte membrane has excellent proton conductivity and homogeneity by radiating light such as UV light onto the PAG, thereby producing an acid radical which generates an acid. The polymer electrolyte membrane also suppresses methanol crossover well. The polymer electrolyte membrane can be used as an electrolyte membrane of a fuel cell, for example, a direct methanol fuel cell.
Abstract:
Provided are a loop type automobile sensing device formed integrally with a small loop coil, which has the automobile sensing sensitivity of a related art loop type automobile sensing device using a large loop coil, so as to greatly facilitate installing and maintaining of the loop type automobile sensing device and to expand the application scope of the loop type automobile sensing device, and a parking information system using the loop type automobile sensing device. In addition, the loop type automobile sensing device integrally formed with the loop coil is provided in plurality as automobile sensors to detect the presence and moving state of an automobile according to a signal from the automobile sensors, to control operations of a plurality of cameras, warning lamps, and display devices installed to a parking lot, and to notify parking information and automobile movement information.
Abstract:
A display substrate includes a first metal pattern formed on a substrate and includes a data line to which a pixel voltage is applied, an insulating layer formed on the substrate on which the first metal pattern is formed, an active pattern formed on the insulating layer, a second metal pattern formed on the insulating layer and including a gate line and a storage line, the gate line crossing the data line, a scanning signal applied to the gate line, a protective layer formed on the substrate on which the second metal pattern is formed, and a pixel electrode formed on the protective layer. A method for manufacturing the display substrate, and a display apparatus including the display substrate are further provided.
Abstract:
A delay locked loop includes a buffer for outputting an internal clock by buffering an external clock, a delay block for delaying the internal clock in response to one of control signals or a selection signal, thereby outputting a delayed clock, a control signal generation block for generating at least one control signal according to a phase difference between the internal clock and a feedback clock generated by delaying the delayed clock by a delay time taken for the internal clock to be output, a selection block for outputting at least one selection signal in response to a signal instructing an off mode of the delay locked loop, thereby controlling a delay time in the delay block, and an output driver for driving the delayed clock.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus of generating a data block for a plurality of uplink frequencies is provided. The apparatus determines a size of a data field of the data block so that each data block matches a minimum of a first amount of data and second amount of data. The first amount of data is allowed to be transmitted by a first grant on a first uplink frequency and the second amount of data is allowed to be transmitted by a second grant on a second uplink frequency. The apparatus generates at least one data block so that the amount of data in the generated data blocks is less than multiple times the minimum of the first amount of data and the second amount of data.
Abstract:
An ion-conducting, sulfonated and crosslinked copolymer for use in a fuel cell is disclosed. The ion-conducting, sulfonated and crosslinked copolymer is made up of four monomers. The first monomer is an aromatic diol. The second monomer includes two groups, each group capable of reacting with the hydroxy groups of the first monomer, and each group independently selected from a nitro group and a halogen group. The third monomer is one of the first monomer or the second monomer, except that one of the hydrogen atoms attached to a benzene ring is substituted with —SO3Y, where Y is selected from hydrogen (H), lithium (Li), sodium (Na), potassium (K) and trialkyl ammonium of the form HNR3 where R is an alkyl group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms. The fourth monomer includes at least three groups, each independently selected from a hydroxy group, a nitro group, and a halogen group.
Abstract:
In some embodiments, a device includes a multiple-input multiple-output (“MIMO”) decoder module coupled to a first log-likelihood-ratio (“LLR”) computing unit. The decoder module includes at least one processing unit and at least one sorting unit. The decoder module preferably uses a K-best breadth-first search method to decode data from MIMO sources. In some embodiments, a method includes receiving data representing a vector of receive signal samples detected by multiple receive transceivers. The method further includes performing a K-best breadth-first search on the data to obtain an estimated constellation point. The method further includes providing a user data stream based at least in part on the estimated constellation point.
Abstract:
A slurry composition for a chemical mechanical processing process includes about 0.05 to about 0.3 percent by weight of a ceria abrasive, about 0.005 to about 0.04 percent by weight of an anionic surfactant, about 0.0005 to about 0.003 percent by weight of a polyoxyethylene-based nonionic surfactant, about 0.2 to about 1.0 percent by weight of a salt of polyacrylic acid having an average molecular weight substantially greater than a molecular weight of the anionic surfactant, and a remainder of water. In addition, a method of polishing an object layer and a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device using the slurry composition are also provided.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for pilot signal transmission is disclosed, which is capable of improving efficiency in a wireless communication system, the method comprising transmitting an uplink transmission frame for a first sector or cell by a mobile station through the use of basic pilot pattern in a resource block and transmitting an uplink transmission frame for a second sector or cell by the mobile station through the use of shift pilot pattern which is not overlapped with the basic pilot pattern in the resource block.