公开(公告)号：US07102429B2

公开(公告)日：2006-09-05

申请号：US10184742

申请日：2002-06-28

申请人： Robert E. Stengel ,  Scott A. Olson

发明人： Robert E. Stengel ,  Scott A. Olson

IPC分类号： H03G3/20

CPC分类号： H03F1/0266 ,  H03F1/565 ,  H03F2200/504

摘要： A high efficiency amplifier arrangement consistent with certain embodiments of the invention has an amplifier (104) that receives an input signal and amplifies the input signal to produce an output signal that drives a load (108). A variable impedance transformer (300) is disposed between the amplifier (104) and the load (108) to presents a varying load impedance to the output of the amplifier (104). A control mechanism, such as a programmed processor (604, 504), controls the variable impedance transformer (300) with a control signal so that the load impedance seen by the amplifier (104) varies in accordance with an envelope of the input signal. The control signal varies the load impedance in a manner that keeps the output of the amplifier (104) near a peak value. The arrangement may further include a circuit for controlling a DC input bias (420) of the amplifier (104) to keep the amplifier (104) operating within a predetermined class of operation throughout a range of input signals. The control signal may be calculated, looked up in a lookup table (610) or derived from an envelope detector (404).

摘要翻译： 与本发明的某些实施例一致的高效率放大器布置具有接收输入信号并放大输入信号以产生驱动负载（108）的输出信号的放大器（104）。 可变阻抗变压器（300）设置在放大器（104）和负载（108）之间，以向放大器（104）的输出提供变化的负载阻抗。 诸如编程处理器（604,504）的控制机构利用控制信号来控制可变阻抗变压器（300），使得放大器（104）看到的负载阻抗根据输入信号的包络而变化。 控制信号以使得放大器（104）的输出接近峰值的方式改变负载阻抗。 该装置还可以包括用于控制放大器（104）的DC输入偏置（420）以保持放大器（104）在整个输入信号范围内在预定类别的操作中的电路。 可以计算控制信号，在查找表（610）中查找或从包络检测器（404）导出。

公开(公告)号：US07031372B2

公开(公告)日：2006-04-18

申请号：US10964114

申请日：2004-10-13

申请人： Andrew T. Tomerlin ,  Nicholas G. Cafaro ,  Robert E. Stengel

发明人： Andrew T. Tomerlin ,  Nicholas G. Cafaro ,  Robert E. Stengel

IPC分类号： H04L27/30

CPC分类号： H04B1/707

摘要： A circuit consistent with certain embodiments of the present invention has a source of N reference clock frequencies (230), where N is an integer greater than one. N frequency extender circuits (954) receive the N reference clock frequencies and generating N frequency extended output clock signals therefrom. A plurality of N seed slewers (958) produce N seed update values. A plurality of N seed registers (962) each receive one of the N seed update values and produce N seed masks therefrom. A plurality of N logic circuits (966) each receive one of the N seed masks and one of the N frequency extended output clock signals. Each of the N logic circuits (966) produce a pseudorandom sequence from the seed mask and the frequency extended output clock signal. This abstract is not to be considered limiting, since other embodiments may deviate from the features described in this abstract.

摘要翻译： 与本发明的某些实施例一致的电路具有N个参考时钟频率（230）的源，其中N是大于1的整数。 N个扩展器电路（954）接收N个参考时钟频率并从其产生N个频率扩展的输出时钟信号。 多个N种子花式（958）产生N个种子更新值。 多个N个种子寄存器（962）各自接收N个种子更新值中的一个并从其生成N个种子掩码。 多个N个逻辑电路（966）分别接收N个种子掩码和N个频率扩展输出时钟信号之一。 N个逻辑电路（966）中的每一个从种子掩码和频率扩展输出时钟信号产生伪随机序列。 该摘要不被认为是限制性的，因为其他实施例可能偏离本摘要中描述的特征。

公开(公告)号：US06819181B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-16

申请号：US10036550

申请日：2001-12-21

申请人： Robert E. Stengel ,  Bruce M. Thompson

发明人： Robert E. Stengel ,  Bruce M. Thompson

IPC分类号： H03F360

CPC分类号： H03F3/605

摘要： A structure and method for the improvement of interference isolation using distributed broadband technology. This structure uses signal processing across a distributed network in order to optimize the isolation of a signal of interest when noise, interference and crosstalk signal sources are present. The structure is designed so that a signal arrives at a node in the network via more than one path and is summed in a correlated or in-phase manner. Each signal path is designed so that the signal phase may be modulated to create the in-phase summing. Noise sources that arrive at the network node are added in an uncorrelated or out-of-phase manner. Therefore, the combination of the signal adding coherently and the interference adding with an uncorrelated phase improves the signal to interference ratio. This type of structure may be applied in an RF power amplifier application in order to provide an improved interference or crosstalk signal ratio.

公开(公告)号：US06768378B2

公开(公告)日：2004-07-27

申请号：US10017986

申请日：2001-12-13

申请人： Robert E. Stengel ,  Scott A. Olson

发明人： Robert E. Stengel ,  Scott A. Olson

IPC分类号： H03F360

CPC分类号： H03F3/211 ,  H03F1/3247 ,  H03F1/3294 ,  H03F3/189

摘要： A radio frequency power amplifier circuit according to certain embodiments of the present invention uses a distributed radio frequency amplifier 110 having a plurality of stages each with an input. The distributed radio frequency amplifier 110 drives an output load, such as an antenna 114. A drive signal synthesizer 106, having a plurality of outputs, drives the plurality of inputs to the distributed amplifier 110. Changes in load impedance are measured, e.g., using a directional coupler 160, and the measurement is used to change a drive signal produced by the drive signal synthesizer 106 to compensate for the change in load impedance.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的某些实施例的射频功率放大器电路使用具有多个级的具有输入的分布式射频放大器110。 分布式射频放大器110驱动诸如天线114的输出负载。具有多个输出的驱动信号合成器106将多个输入驱动到分布式放大器110.测量负载阻抗的变化，例如使用 定向耦合器160，并且使用该测量来改变由驱动信号合成器106产生的驱动信号，以补偿负载阻抗的变化。

公开(公告)号：US06556080B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-29

申请号：US10017985

申请日：2001-12-13

申请人： Robert E. Stengel ,  Scott A. Olson

发明人： Robert E. Stengel ,  Scott A. Olson

IPC分类号： H03F100

CPC分类号： H03F1/3223

摘要： A feedforward amplifier and notch filter (150) according to the present invention uses a direct coupling of an amplifier stage (158) with the amplifier's load (RL). The main amplifier (202) is coupled through a transmission line (210) to the load. This direct coupled amplifier stage (158) is driven by an signal that induces a very low impedance in parallel with the load at the receive frequency, but appears as an open circuit at the desired frequencies so that the desired signal from the main amplifier is virtually unaffected while output components at the receive frequency are cancelled.

摘要翻译： 根据本发明的前馈放大器和陷波滤波器（150）使用放大器级（158）与放大器负载（RL）的直接耦合。 主放大器（202）通过传输线（210）耦合到负载。 该直接耦合放大器级158由一个信号驱动，该信号在接收频率处引起与负载并联的非常低的阻抗，但是以期望的频率显现为开路，使得来自主放大器的期望信号实际上 不受影响，而接收频率的输出组件被取消。

公开(公告)号：US06373901B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-16

申请号：US08627537

申请日：1996-04-04

申请人： Robert J. O'Dea ,  Robert E. Stengel

发明人： Robert J. O'Dea ,  Robert E. Stengel

IPC分类号： H04L2503

CPC分类号： H04L27/2032 ,  H04L27/368

摘要： A modulated signal, having a varying magnitude signal envelope, is conditioned, such as to facilitate amplification (500). Minimum values are determined values for portions of the signal envelope (520, 530), and a window expansion function applied to scale each portion of the signal envelope having a minimum value below a particular threshold, such that each scaled portion has a new minimum value of at least the particular threshold (535, 540, 550, 555).

摘要翻译： 具有变化幅度信号包络的调制信号被调节，以便于放大（500）。 最小值是对于信号包络（520,530）的部分的确定值，以及窗口扩展函数，用于缩放具有低于特定阈值的最小值的信号包络的每个部分，使得每个缩放部分具有新的最小值 至少具有特定阈值（535,540,550,555）。

公开(公告)号：US6008102A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-28

申请号：US56967

申请日：1998-04-09

申请人： Ronald C. Alford ,  Robert E. Stengel ,  Douglas H. Weisman ,  George W. Marlin

发明人： Ronald C. Alford ,  Robert E. Stengel ,  Douglas H. Weisman ,  George W. Marlin

IPC分类号： H01L21/02 ,  H01L23/522 ,  H01L29/00

CPC分类号： H01L28/10 ,  H01L23/5227 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  Y10T29/4902

摘要： A three-dimensional inductor coil is fabricated on top of a semiconductor substrate. The fabrication process includes the steps of depositing a first photoresist layer (406), forming a trench therein, and filling the trench with electroplated metal (404). A second photoresist layer (408) is deposited, and first and second trenches (410) are formed therein and filled with electroplated metal (412). A third photoresist layer (416) is deposited and a trench (418) formed therein, and then filled with electroplated metal (420). The first, second, and third photoresist layers (406, 408, 416) are then removed to expose a multi-loop inductor coil (500, 550).

摘要翻译： 在半导体衬底的顶部上制造三维感应线圈。 制造工艺包括沉积第一光致抗蚀剂层（406），在其中形成沟槽以及用电镀金属（404）填充沟槽的步骤。 沉积第二光致抗蚀剂层（408），并且在其中形成第一和第二沟槽（410）并填充有电镀金属（412）。 沉积第三光致抗蚀剂层（416）并在其中形成沟槽（418），然后用电镀金属（420）填充。 然后去除第一，第二和第三光致抗蚀剂层（406,408,416）以暴露多回路感应线圈（500,550）。

公开(公告)号：US5892395A

公开(公告)日：1999-04-06

申请号：US850541

申请日：1997-05-02

申请人： Robert E. Stengel ,  Scott A. Olson

发明人： Robert E. Stengel ,  Scott A. Olson

IPC分类号： H03F3/68 ,  H03F1/02 ,  H03F3/60 ,  H04B1/04

CPC分类号： H03F3/602 ,  H03F1/0294

摘要： An apparatus (100) uses power recovery from a combining circuit (125) to improve efficiency. A power combiner (125) generates multiple output signals (127, 133) from a combination of input signals (113, 114). One of the output signals from the power combiner is coupled to a power recovery circuit (135), and energy is recovered and preferably stored for later use.

摘要翻译： 装置（100）使用来自组合电路（125）的功率恢复来提高效率。 功率组合器（125）根据输入信号（113,114）的组合产生多个输出信号（127,133）。 来自功率组合器的输出信号中的一个耦合到功率恢复电路（135），并且能量被恢复并且优选地存储以备以后使用。

公开(公告)号：US5451914A

公开(公告)日：1995-09-19

申请号：US283472

申请日：1994-07-05

申请人： Robert E. Stengel

发明人： Robert E. Stengel

IPC分类号： H01F17/00 ,  H01F19/04 ,  H01P5/10 ,  H03H7/42

CPC分类号： H01F19/04 ,  H01F17/0006 ,  H01P5/10

摘要： A transformer (300) includes several layers of substrate (202, 204, 206, 208). Sandwiched between first set of layers (204 and 206) is a runner that forms two interconnected spirals (323 and 324). These spirals run in opposite directions and form two half coils of the transformer primary. Similarly, sandwiched between the second set of layers (204 and 206) is a runner that forms two other interconnected spirals (321 and 322). These spirals run in opposite directions and form two half coils of the transformer secondary. These half coils are magnetically coupled through the substrate (206) which is substantially thinner than the other substrates (204 and 208). Ground layers (210 and 216) discourage horizontal coupling of the electromagnetic flux between the half coils (321, 322, 323, 324), hence improving the vertical flux transfer through the thin layer (206). Components (218) added to the top layer (202) provide for a device, such as an amplifier inclusive of its coupling transformer.

摘要翻译： 变压器（300）包括几层衬底（202,204,206,208）。 在第一组层（204和206）之间夹入的是形成两个相互联接的螺旋（323和324）的流道。 这些螺旋在相反的方向上运行，形成变压器初级的两个半线圈。 类似地，夹在第二组层（204和206）之间的是形成两个其它互连螺旋（321和322）的流道。 这些螺旋线在相反的方向上运行并形成变压器二次的两个半线圈。 这些半线圈通过衬底（206）磁耦合，该衬底基本上比其他衬底（204和208）薄。 接地层（210和216）阻止半线圈（321,322,323,324）之间的电磁通量的水平耦合，从而改善穿过薄层（206）的垂直通量传递。 添加到顶层（202）中的部件（218）提供诸如包括其耦合变压器的放大器的器件。

公开(公告)号：US5422597A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-06

申请号：US251227

申请日：1994-05-31

申请人： Robert E. Stengel ,  David L. Muri ,  Enrique Ferrer

发明人： Robert E. Stengel ,  David L. Muri ,  Enrique Ferrer

IPC分类号： H03F3/217 ,  H03F3/38

CPC分类号： H03F3/2173

摘要： An amplifier (1) used with a pulse width modulated signal which improves the efficiency of a low level input signal comprises two or more switching devices (7,9) with common source/drain or emitter/collector connections. The gates or the bases of the devices are independently driven to optimize the efficiency of the various Rds (on) resistance values of the transistors (61, 63, 65, 89, 91, 93) used in the devices. The amplifier is operated so that during the highest output levels, select switching devices (61, 63, 65) are utilized to reduce in series resistance with the load (13). As output power decreases, devices (89, 91, 93) with higher Rds (on) resistance values are activated by a control signal which greatly improves DC to DC conversion efficiency with improved output voltage resolution, dynamic range and reduced electromagnetic interference potential.

摘要翻译： 与改善低电平输入信号的效率的脉冲宽度调制信号一起使用的放大器（1）包括具有公共源极/漏极或发射极/集电极连接的两个或多个开关器件（7,9）。 独立地驱动器件的栅极或基极以优化器件中使用的晶体管（61,63,65,89,91,93）的各种Rds（导通）电阻值的效率。 放大器的工作原理是，在最高的输出电平下，选择开关器件（61,63,65）来减少负载（13）的串联电阻。 随着输出功率的降低，具有较高Rds（on）电阻值的器件（89,91,93）由控制信号激活，通过改进的输出电压分辨率，动态范围和降低的电磁干扰电位，极大地提高了DC至DC转换效率。