摘要:
An adaptive coding method is comprised of: a fourth step (508), (510) for calculating an occurrence frequency of either the more probable symbol (MPS) or the less probable symbol (LPS) with respective to the entered input; a fifth step (511) for comparing an occurrence time accumulated value calculated as the occurrence frequency at the fourth step with a preselected value (threshold value), and for reducing the occurrence time accumulated value by 1/2 in the case that the occurrence time accumulated value reaches the preselected value (threshold value); and a sixth step (513) for defining the more probable symbol (MPS) and the less probable symbol (LPS) in correspondence with a predetermined region on a numerical line with respect to the data signal to thereby output coordinate values on the numerical line as a corded word.
摘要翻译:自适应编码方法包括:第四步骤(508),(510),用于相应于输入的输入计算更可能符号(MPS)或较小可能符号(LPS)的出现频率; 第五步骤(511),用于将作为第四步骤的出现频率计算的出现时间累积值与预选值(阈值)进行比较,并且将发生时间累加值减少+ E,将1/2 + EE 发生时间累积值达到预选值(阈值)的情况; 以及第六步骤(513),用于与数据信号上的数字行上的预定区域相对应地定义更可能的符号(MPS)和较少的可能符号(LPS),从而在数字线上输出坐标值作为 一个有用的词
摘要:
In the memory cell matrix of a semiconductor integrated circuit device having a non-volatile semiconductor memory cell portion and a logic portion, a second-layered Al wires are formed on the first-layered Al wires, with an interlayer insulating film interposed therebetween. The pattern of the second-layered Al wires is the same as that of the first-layered Al wires. This structure reduces the labor for designing mask data, and increases the coating ratio of a resist to an Al layer while minimizing a reduction in the transmittance of ultraviolet ray. As a result, the amount of a reaction compound supplied from the resist into the Al layer for forming the second-layered Al wires increases, which prevents the second-layered Al wires from being undercut. Thus, the second and subsequent-layered Al wires of the logic portion can be effectively prevented from being thinned.
摘要:
This invention relates to a coding system and the coding method in encoding information source symbols of an image. When the total number of original information source symbols cannot be known at the decoding site just from the encoded symbols, it is an object to finish the decoding process correctly and decode the symbols equal to the number of original information source symbols.At an encoding site, the total number of information source unit composed of a finite number of information source symbols is placed at the tail of code at the completion of encoding process. For example, at the encoding site, the number of horizontal pels of an image are transmitted in advance as an information source unit and the total number of lines are placed at the tail of code at the completion of encoding process. At the decoding site, the number of decoded lines is counted and decoded up to the number of lines placed at the tail of code. As a result, it is possible to judge the end of information source symbols without missing the total number.
摘要:
There are provided a character processing method and apparatus having a function to convert data such as a character or the like which has been encoded by a vector form, into data of a dot form. The apparatus has a converter to convert data of a vector form into data of a dot form, and a discriminating circuit to discriminate whether painting of an outline is omitted or not, on the basis of the size of output data after conversion into dot-form data. As the result of the discrimination, if the painting process should not be omitted, the painting process is executed. If the painting process can be omitted, the painting process is omitted. Even a large character can be processed at a high speed without deterioration in the quality, and a small character can be processed at a high speed at a high quality.
摘要:
The cleaned surface of an aluminum or aluminum alloy product, for example, aluminum coil, is treated with a 0.5 to 3 second spray of a chromating bath heated to 40.degree. to 60.degree. C., said bath having a pH of 1.0 to 3.0 and containing 0.1 to 3.0 g/L of tungstate ions and/or molybdate ions, 0.5 to 4.0 g/L of hexavalent chromium ions, 5.0 to 30.0 g/L of phosphate ions, and 0.05 to 2.0 g/L of free fluoride ions. A highly corrosion-resistant, highly paint-adherent chromate coating can thereby be formed on the surface of aluminum in less time than that required by prior phosphoric acid-based chromating treatments.
摘要:
A superior protective prepainting treatment for tin plated steel surfaces, particularly DI cans, may be achieved by contacting the surface with an aqueous liquid composition containing from 1 to 30 g/L of phosphate ions, from 0.1 to 5 g/L of condensed phosphate ions, from 0.5 to 5 g/L of reducing agent, and from 0.1 to 20 g/L of dissolved solids of a water soluble aminated poly{vinyl phenol} resin.
摘要:
A coding system comprises the comparing circuit which compares a magnitude of the range on the number line which is allocated to the most probability symbol with a magnitude of the fixed range on the number line which is allocated to the Less Probability Symbol. If the range allocated to the MPS is smaller than that to the LPS, and when the symbol is the MPS, the range allocated to the LPS is generated. If the range allocated to the MPS is smaller than that to the LPS, and when the symbol is the LPS, the range allocated to the MPS is generated. By the system, a coding efficiency is improved especially when a probability of occurrence of LPS (Less Probability Symbol) is approximate to 1/2.
摘要:
A manufacturing method of a semiconductor memory device includes the steps of selectively forming a field oxide film and a gate oxide film on a semiconductor substrate, depositing a first conductive layer on an entire surface of the resultant structure, selectively etching the first conductive layer located in a region other than an element region, depositing a second conductive layer on an entire surface of the resultant structure, and etching the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer using the same mask to form a plurality of floating gates by the first conductive layer and to form a plurality of control gates by the second conductive layer, wherein the step of selectively etching the first conductive layer includes the first etching step of forming cell slits for separating the plurality of floating gates from each other and the second etching step of forming removed regions each of which includes only one end of each of the plurality of control gates.
摘要:
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor substrate device having a non-volatile memory cell region and a logic region including MOS transistors. A first insulating film and a first electrode layer are formed on a semiconductor substrate. Only those portions of the first insulating film and first electrode layer which are located in the logic region are removed, without removing those portions of the first insulating film and first electrode layer which are located in the non-volatile memory cell region. A sacrificial film is deposited for insulation over the entire surface of the memory cell region and logic region, and then a resist film is coated on the sacrificial film. Subsequently, impurity ions are implanted into a desired channel region located in the logic region. The resist film and sacrificial film are removed, and thereafter a second insulating film and a second electrode layer are formed.
摘要:
A recording media playing apparatus including tonal response control circuit configured to control the tone of reproduced sounds, by controlling signal levels of frequency components in a plurality of frequency bands, which are set to divide the frequency range of audio signals read out from the recording media, to designated variation ratios. The apparatus further comprises a memory device, a memory control device for storing, in response to a reproducing-tone memorizing command, data representing the variation ratios in the memory device correspondingly to identification information of each of the recording media, the data representing the variation ratios being stored as tone data, and a tonal response setting device for reading out the tone data using the identification information, the tone data corresponding to a recording medium to be played, and subsequently supplying the variation ratios represented by the tone data to the tonal response control circuit, thereby setting the tone of the reproduced sound. With this arrangement, the tonal response of the apparatus can be set automatically according to the type of music selections to be played.