公开(公告)号：US06778736B2

公开(公告)日：2004-08-17

申请号：US10098050

申请日：2002-03-14

Applicant: Terry L. Markwardt ,  Leif G. Fredin ,  Ray T. Chen ,  Ram Sivaraman

Inventor： Terry L. Markwardt ,  Leif G. Fredin ,  Ray T. Chen ,  Ram Sivaraman

IPC: G02B642

CPC classification number: G02B6/2852 ,  G02B6/266 ,  G02B6/32 ,  G02B6/3546 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0217 ,  H04J14/0221

Abstract: An optical device with at least one junction formed by an intersection of at least two waveguides may be used to tap, and/or attenuate an optical signal. The waveguides may be formed from various materials such as polymers and other combinations of monomers. Internal reflection produced at each junction between the waveguides in response to heating from a thin film electrode will direct a portion of an optical signal from one of the waveguides to another waveguide. Internal reflection at each junction may be used to selectively tap and/or attenuate power level of an optical signal.

Abstract translation: 具有由至少两个波导的交点形成的至少一个结的光学器件可用于分接和/或衰减光信号。 波导可以由各种材料形成，例如聚合物和单体的其它组合。 响应于来自薄膜电极的加热，在波导之间的每个结点处产生的内部反射将将来自波导中的一个的光信号的一部分引导到另一个波导。 每个结点处的内部反射可以用于选择性地分接和/或衰减光信号的功率电平。

公开(公告)号：US06470117B1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-22

申请号：US09205445

申请日：1998-12-04

Applicant: Suning Tang ,  Ray T. Chen

Inventor： Suning Tang ,  Ray T. Chen

IPC: G02B626

CPC classification number: G02B6/3825 ,  G02B6/305 ,  G02B6/4206 ,  G02B6/421 ,  G02B6/4214 ,  G02B6/4249

Abstract: The present invention is a three-dimensional tapered waveguide coupler capable of interconnecting electro-optical devices with differing optical mode profiles. The ends of the waveguide are configured to match the optical mode profiles of the electro-optical devices that the waveguide interconnects. The waveguide adiabatically transmits the fundamental mode of the photo-optic signal from the electro-optical device at the waveguide's input end to a different electro-optical device at the waveguide's output end. A single coupler can be configured with one or more waveguides, each waveguide having different optical mode profiles at either end and different optical transmission characteristics.

Abstract translation: 本发明是能够将具有不同光模式的电光装置互连的三维锥形波导耦合器。 波导的端部被配置为匹配波导互连的电光器件的光学模式分布。 波导将波导输入端的电光装置的光电信号的基本模式透射到在波导的输出端处的不同的电光装置。 单个耦合器可以配置有一个或多个波导，每个波导在任一端具有不同的光模式分布和不同的光传输特性。

公开(公告)号：US6137933A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-24

申请号：US257045

申请日：1999-02-25

Applicant: Boyd V. Hunter ,  Robert K. Wade ,  Joseph R. Dempewolf ,  Ray T. Chen

Inventor： Boyd V. Hunter ,  Robert K. Wade ,  Joseph R. Dempewolf ,  Ray T. Chen

IPC: G02B6/34

CPC classification number: G02B6/29307 ,  G02B6/2931 ,  G02B6/2938

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer is provided that integrates axial gradient refractive index elements with a diffraction grating to provide efficient coupling from a plurality of input optical sources (each delivering a single wavelength to the device) which are multiplexed to a single polychromatic beam for output to a single output optical source. The device comprises: (a) means for accepting an optical input from at least one optical source, the means including a planar surface; (b) a first coupler element comprising (1) a first axial gradient refractive index collimating lens having a planar entrance surface onto which the optical input is incident and (2) a first homogeneous index boot lens affixed to the first collimating lens and having a planar exit surface from which optical light exits; (c) a diffraction grating formed on the planar exit surface which combines a plurality of angularly separated diffracted wavelengths from the optical light; (d) a reflecting element for reflecting the plurality of diffracted wavelengths; (e) a second coupler element comprising (1) a second homogeneous index boot lens having a planar entrance surface onto which said plurality of diffracted wavelengths is incident and (2) a second axial gradient refractive index collimating lens affixed to the second homogeneous index boot lens; and (f) means for outputting at least one multiplexed, polychromatic output beam to an optical receiver, the means including a planar back surface. The device may be operated in either the forward or the reverse direction.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种波分复用器/解复用器，其将轴向梯度折射率元件与衍射光栅集成，以从多个输入光源（每个输送单个波长到器件）提供有效的耦合，多路复用到单个多色光束以用于输出 到单个输出光源。 该装置包括：（a）用于接受来自至少一个光源的光学输入的装置，所述装置包括平面; （b）第一耦合器元件，包括（1）第一轴向梯度折射率准直透镜，其具有入射光学输入端的平面入射表面，以及（2）固定到第一准直透镜的第一均匀折射引导透镜， 光出射的平面出射面; （c）形成在平面出射表面上的衍射光栅，其结合来自光学的多个角度分离的衍射波长; （d）用于反射多个衍射波长的反射元件; （e）第二耦合器元件，包括（1）具有平面入射表面的第二均匀折射引导透镜，所述多个衍射波长入射到所述入射表面上，以及（2）固定到所述第二均匀折射引导件的第二轴向梯度折射率准直透镜 镜片; 和（f）用于将至少一个复用的多色输出光束输出到光接收器的装置，该装置包括平面后表面。 该装置可以在正向或反向的方向上操作。

公开(公告)号：US5999672A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-07

申请号：US990199

申请日：1997-12-13

Applicant: Boyd V. Hunter ,  Robert K. Wade ,  Joseph R. Dempewolf ,  Ray T. Chen

Inventor： Boyd V. Hunter ,  Robert K. Wade ,  Joseph R. Dempewolf ,  Ray T. Chen

IPC: G02B6/34

CPC classification number: G02B6/29307 ,  G02B6/2931 ,  G02B6/2938

Abstract: A wavelength division multiplexer/demultiplexer is provided that integrates axial gradient refractive index elements with a diffraction grating to provide efficient coupling from a plurality of input optical sources (each delivering a single wavelength to the device) which are multiplexed to a single polychromatic beam for output to a single output optical source. The device comprises: (a) means for accepting optical input from at least one optical source, the means including a planar surface; (b) a first coupler element comprising (1) a first axial gradient refractive index collimating lens having a planar entrance surface onto which the optical input is incident and (2) a first homogeneous index boot lens affixed to the first collimating lens and having a planar exit surface from which optical light exits; (c) a diffraction grating formed on the planar exit surface which combines a plurality of angularly separated diffracted wavelengths from the optical light; (d) a reflecting element for reflecting the plurality of diffracted wavelengths; (e) a second coupler element comprising (1) a second homogeneous index boot lens having a planar entrance surface onto which said plurality of diffracted wavelengths is incident and (2) a second axial gradient refractive index collimating lens affixed to the second homogeneous index boot lens; and (f) means for outputting at least one multiplexed, polychromatic output beam to an optical receiver, the means including the planar back surface. The device may be operated in either the forward or the reverse direction.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种波分复用器/解复用器，其将轴向梯度折射率元件与衍射光栅集成，以从多个输入光源（每个输送单个波长到器件）提供有效的耦合，多路复用到单个多色光束以用于输出 到单个输出光源。 该装置包括：（a）用于从至少一个光源接收光学输入的装置，该装置包括一个平面; （b）第一耦合器元件，包括（1）第一轴向梯度折射率准直透镜，其具有入射光学输入端的平面入射表面，以及（2）固定到第一准直透镜的第一均匀折射引导透镜， 光出射的平面出射面; （c）形成在平面出射表面上的衍射光栅，其结合来自光学的多个角度分离的衍射波长; （d）用于反射多个衍射波长的反射元件; （e）第二耦合器元件，包括（1）具有平面入射表面的第二均匀折射引导透镜，所述多个衍射波长入射到所述入射表面上，以及（2）固定到所述第二均匀折射引导件的第二轴向梯度折射率准直透镜 镜片; 和（f）用于将至少一个复用的多色输出光束输出到光接收器的装置，该装置包括平面后表面。 该装置可以在正向或反向的方向上操作。

公开(公告)号：US20230036709A1

公开(公告)日：2023-02-02

申请号：US17093612

申请日：2020-11-09

Applicant: Jong-Dug Shin ,  Ray T. Chen ,  Jason Midkiff

Inventor： Jong-Dug Shin ,  Ray T. Chen ,  Jason Midkiff

IPC: H01S5/12 ,  H01S5/34 ,  H01S5/10

Abstract: A novel, monolithically integrated mid-IR optical phased array (OPA) structure which eliminates the wafer bonding process to achieve highly efficient surface emitting optical beam steering in two dimensions is disclosed. Since solar energy is about 15-20 times smaller than that at 1.55 um, mid-IR is more favorable for the atmospheric transmission due to lower solar radiance backgrounds. For the beam steering, thermo-optic phase shifting is used for azimuthal plane beam steering and laser wavelength tuning is used for elevation plane beam steering. The OPA structure disclosed comprises a wavelength- tunable a QCL, a 1×32 splitter, thermo-optic phase-shifters, and sub-wavelength grating emitters. The disclosed OPA provides a low-cost, low-loss, low-power consumption, robust, small footprint, apparatus that may be used with expendable UAV swarms. A LiDAR may be created by monolithically integrating a QCD with the apparatus. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

公开(公告)号：US10215918B2

公开(公告)日：2019-02-26

申请号：US15281888

申请日：2016-09-30

Applicant: Xiaochuan Xu ,  Ray T. Chen

Inventor： Xiaochuan Xu ,  Ray T. Chen

IPC: G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/10 ,  G02B6/125 ,  G02F1/01 ,  G02F1/365 ,  G02B6/12 ,  G02B6/293 ,  G02B6/34

Abstract: An optical system is disclosed. The optical system comprising: a substrate; and a subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide atop the substrate, wherein the subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide comprises a periodic one or two-dimensional array of two or more interleaved dielectric pillars; wherein the periodicity of the one or two-dimensional array is constant, a combination of two or more periods, or random; wherein the one or two-dimensional array is substantially linear or curved; wherein each of the pillars of the one or two-dimensional array is at least one of a triangular prism, a trapezoidal prism, an elliptic cylinder, a cylinder, a tube, a frustum, a pyramid, a trapezoidal prism, and an asymmetric frustum; and wherein each of the pillars of the one or two-dimensional array comprises a solid, liquid, and/or gas. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

公开(公告)号：US20170146738A1

公开(公告)日：2017-05-25

申请号：US15281888

申请日：2016-09-30

Applicant: Xiaochuan Xu ,  Ray T. Chen

Inventor： Xiaochuan Xu ,  Ray T. Chen

IPC: G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/125 ,  G02B6/10

CPC classification number: G02B6/1225 ,  G02B6/107 ,  G02B6/12007 ,  G02B6/1228 ,  G02B6/125 ,  G02B6/29338 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02F1/0147 ,  G02F1/365

Abstract: An optical system is disclosed. The optical system comprising: a substrate; and a subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide atop the substrate, wherein the subwavelength photonic crystal waveguide comprises a periodic one or two-dimensional array of two or more interleaved dielectric pillars; wherein the periodicity of the one or two-dimensional array is constant, a combination of two or more periods, or random; wherein the one or two-dimensional array is substantially linear or curved; wherein each of the pillars of the one or two-dimensional array is at least one of a triangular prism, a trapezoidal prism, an elliptic cylinder, a cylinder, a tube, a frustum, a pyramid, a trapezoidal prism, and an asymmetric frustum; and wherein each of the pillars of the one or two-dimensional array comprises a solid, liquid, and/or gas. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

公开(公告)号：US09548543B2

公开(公告)日：2017-01-17

申请号：US14591908

申请日：2015-01-07

Applicant: Harish Subbaraman ,  Xiaochuan Xu ,  Yihong Chen ,  Ray T. Chen

Inventor： Harish Subbaraman ,  Xiaochuan Xu ,  Yihong Chen ,  Ray T. Chen

IPC: H01Q21/00 ,  H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q21/06 ,  H05K3/12

CPC classification number: H01Q21/0087 ,  H01Q1/38 ,  H01Q21/061 ,  H05K3/125 ,  H05K2201/09918 ,  H05K2203/013

Abstract: A method for fabricating an M×N, P-bit phased-array antenna on a flexible substrate is disclosed. The method comprising ink jet printing and hardening alignment marks, antenna elements, transmission lines, switches, an RF coupler, and multilayer interconnections onto the flexible substrate. The substrate of the M×N, P-bit phased-array antenna may comprise an integrated control circuit of printed electronic components such as, photovoltaic cells, batteries, resistors, capacitors, etc. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种在柔性基板上制造M×N，P位相控阵天线的方法。 该方法包括喷墨印刷和硬化对准标记，天线元件，传输线，开关，RF耦合器和多层互连到柔性基板上。 M×N，P位相控阵天线的基板可以包括诸如光伏电池，电池，电阻器，电容器等印刷电子部件的集成控制电路。其它实施例被描述和要求保护。

公开(公告)号：US20150093515A1

公开(公告)日：2015-04-02

申请号：US14043822

申请日：2013-10-01

Applicant: Harish Subbaraman ,  Ray T. Chen

Inventor： Harish Subbaraman ,  Ray T. Chen

IPC: G02B6/138 ,  G02B6/132 ,  G02B6/12

CPC classification number: G02B6/138 ,  G02B2006/12142 ,  G02B2006/12145 ,  G02B2006/1219 ,  G02F1/065 ,  G02F2001/212 ,  G02F2201/063

Abstract: A fully additive method for forming optical waveguides and devices, such as thermo-optic polymer switches and electro-optic polymer modulators, is disclosed. A first polymer material of refractive index N1 is coated onto a suitable substrate to form a first cladding layer. The first cladding is then selectively patterned using a mold to form an impression of the waveguide core into the first cladding layer. Next, a core layer is formed by ink-jet printing onto the imprinted first cladding layer with a core material of refractive index N2 (N2>N1). The core layer is subsequently coated by ink jet printing with a second polymer material of refractive index N3 (N3

Abstract translation: 公开了用于形成光波导和器件的完全添加的方法，例如热光聚合物开关和电光聚合物调制器。 将折射率为N1的第一聚合物材料涂覆到合适的基底上以形成第一包层。 然后使用模具选择性地图案化第一包层，以形成波导芯到第一包层中的印象。 接下来，通过喷墨印刷将芯层通过折射率为N2（N2> N1）的芯材料形成在压印的第一包层上。 芯层随后通过喷墨印刷用折射率为N 3（N 3

公开(公告)号：US20120013962A1

公开(公告)日：2012-01-19

申请号：US12804263

申请日：2010-07-19

Applicant: Harish Subbaraman ,  Ray T. Chen

Inventor： Harish Subbaraman ,  Ray T. Chen

IPC: G02B5/32

CPC classification number: G02B5/32 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B1/005 ,  G02B6/1225 ,  G02F1/2955 ,  G02F2202/32 ,  G03H1/0408 ,  G03H1/30 ,  G03H2001/0264

Abstract: Methods and devices for optical beam steering are disclosed including coupling a laser light into an apparatus comprising a first substrate; an array of air core photonic crystal waveguides; columnar members etched around each air core waveguide; a pair of metal electrodes around the columnar members; a trench around the pair of metal electrodes surrounding each air core photonic crystal waveguide; a second substrate coupled to the first substrate comprising electrical interconnection lines; and a holographic fanout array comprising a third substrate; a photopolymer film coated on the third substrate; a hologram written in the photopolymer film configured to couple the laser light into the third substrate; and an array of holograms recorded in the photopolymer film configured to couple a portion of the laser light into the waveguides; and passing a current through the electrodes to induce a refractive index change in the first substrate to control the phase of the portion of the laser light that passes through each waveguide. Other embodiments are described and claimed.