公开(公告)号：US4543231A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-24

申请号：US330361

申请日：1981-12-14

申请人： Tihiro Ohkawa

发明人： Tihiro Ohkawa

IPC分类号： G21B1/21 ,  G21B1/05 ,  H05H1/12 ,  G21B1/00

CPC分类号： H05H1/12 ,  Y02E30/122 ,  Y02E30/126

摘要： A multipole plasma pinch method and apparatus produces hot magnetically confined z-pinch plasma with a plurality of z-pinch current channels arranged so as to generate a multipolar magnetic field and at least one hyperbolic magnetic axis within the plasma space roughly enclosed by the channels, forming thereby a region of average magnetic well in a region of nested closed plasma magnetic surfaces surrounding the plasma current channels, when the magnetic field component in the direction of the hyperbolic axis is also made to be substantially zero in the vicinity of the hyperbolic axis. The multipole pinch invention may be operated so that q and field reversal take place within the plasma, and the plasma so produced closely approximates known theoretical stability conditions. The well-producing hyperbolic axis of the present invention is produced effectively by replacing the solid conducting rings of prior art multipole plasma confinement devices by z-pinch-like toroidal current channel loops of plasma. The plasma is formed inside a vacuum chamber and an electrically conducting shaping shell assembly, whose noncircular poloidal cross section imparts the desired shape to the plasma. The shape of the plasma may be maintained and/or adjusted by means of electrical currents driven through appropriately distributed external conductors.

摘要翻译： 多极等离子体捏合方法和装置产生具有多个z夹点电流通道的热磁性限制的z-夹点等离子体，以便在等离子体空间中大致包围通道的多极磁场和至少一个双曲线轴， 在双曲轴方向上的磁场分量在双曲线轴附近也基本上为零时，形成围绕等离子体电流通道的嵌套闭合等离子体磁性表面的区域中的平均磁力井的区域。 可以操作多极夹持发明，使得在等离子体内发生q和场反转，并且所产生的等离子体近似于已知的理论稳定性条件。 本发明的生产良好的双曲轴是通过用等离子体的z-挤压状环形电流通道环代替现有技术的多极等离子体约束装置的固体导电环来有效地产生的。 等离子体形成在真空室和导电成形壳组件内，导电成形壳组件的非圆形极向截面将期望的形状赋予等离子体。 可以通过通过适当分布的外部导体驱动的电流来维持和/或调整等离子体的形状。

公开(公告)号：US4354998A

公开(公告)日：1982-10-19

申请号：US76466

申请日：1979-09-17

申请人： Tihiro Ohkawa

发明人： Tihiro Ohkawa

IPC分类号： H05H1/14 ,  G21B1/00

CPC分类号： H05H1/14

摘要： A method and apparatus for clearing thermal barrier regions of trapped ions in a tandem mirror fusion reactor apparatus utilizing a bend at each end of the cylindrical plasma chamber within which bend the thermal barrier is positioned. Ions trapped in said thermal barrier are caused by said bend to drift in a direction perpendicular to the incident magnetic field and the direction of centrifugal force, such that said ions are enabled to be collected in a divertor positioned along said ion drift path.

摘要翻译： 用于清除串联镜式聚变反应器装置中的捕获离子的热障区域的方法和装置，利用在圆柱形等离子体室的每个端部处的弯曲部分，其中弯曲热障被定位。 捕获在所述热障中的离子是由所述弯曲部在垂直于入射磁场的方向和离心力的方向上漂移引起的，使得所述离子能够被收集在沿所述离子漂移路径定位的偏滤器中。

公开(公告)号：US4292126A

公开(公告)日：1981-09-29

申请号：US15963

申请日：1979-02-28

申请人： Tihiro Ohkawa

发明人： Tihiro Ohkawa

IPC分类号： H05H1/12 ,  G21B1/00

CPC分类号： G21B1/057 ,  Y02E30/122 ,  Y02E30/128

摘要： A tokamak apparatus includes a vessel for defining a reservoir and confining liquid therein. A toroidal liner disposed within said vessel defines a toroidal space within the liner confines gas therein. Liquid metal fills the reservoir outside the liner. A magnetic field is established in the liquid metal to develop magnetic flux linking the toroidal space. The gas is ionized. The liquid metal and the toroidal space are moved relative to one another transversely of the space to generate electric current in the ionized gas in the toroidal space about its major axis and thereby heat plasma developed in the toroidal space.

摘要翻译： 托卡马克装置包括用于限定储存器并限制其中的液体的容器。 布置在所述容器内的环形衬套限定衬垫内的环形空间限制其中的气体。 液体金属填充衬套外部的储存器。 在液态金属中形成磁场，以形成连接环形空间的磁通量。 气体被电离。 液态金属和环形空间相对于该空间相对于彼此横向移动，从而在围绕其主轴的环形空间中的电离气体中产生电流，从而在环形空间中加热等离子体。

公开(公告)号：US4239594A

公开(公告)日：1980-12-16

申请号：US608985

申请日：1975-08-29

申请人： Tihiro Ohkawa

发明人： Tihiro Ohkawa

IPC分类号： H05H1/12 ,  G21B1/00

CPC分类号： G21B1/057 ,  Y02E30/122 ,  Y02E30/128

摘要： A method and apparatus for plasma impurity control in closed flux plasma systems such as Tokamak reactors is disclosed. Local axisymmetrical injection of hydrogen gas is employed to reverse the normally inward flow of impurities into the plasma.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于密封通量等离子体系统中的等离子体杂质控制的方法和装置，例如托卡马克反应堆。 采用局部轴对称注入氢气来逆转杂质进入等离子体的正向内流。

公开(公告)号：US20090288950A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-26

申请号：US12123837

申请日：2008-05-20

申请人： Tihiro Ohkawa

发明人： Tihiro Ohkawa

IPC分类号： C07K1/26

CPC分类号： B01D57/02 ,  B01L3/50273 ,  B01L3/502792 ,  B01L2300/0819 ,  B01L2300/089 ,  B01L2400/0415 ,  F04B43/04

摘要： A liquid prime mover is provided that includes a support member for holding a contiguous liquid entity (e.g. a water droplet) having a defined dimension “d”. An ion permeable exchange membrane is mounted on the support member. Also, a positive electrode and a negative electrode are mounted on the support member with a distance between them. Importantly, the ion permeable membrane is positioned between the respective electrodes and the liquid entity. A voltage source is connected between the electrodes to establish an ion flow passing through the exchange membrane, and through the liquid entity when “d” overlays the distance between the electrodes, to thereby move the liquid entity on the support member.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种液体原动机，其包括用于保持具有限定尺寸“d”的连续液体实体（例如，水滴）的支撑构件。 离子渗透性交换膜安装在支撑构件上。 此外，正极和负极以它们之间的距离安装在支撑构件上。 重要的是，离子渗透膜位于各个电极和液体实体之间。 电压源连接在电极之间以建立通过交换膜的离子流，并且当“d”覆盖电极之间的距离时，通过液体实体，从而将液体实体移动到支撑构件上。

公开(公告)号：US20090035625A1

公开(公告)日：2009-02-05

申请号：US11832374

申请日：2007-08-01

申请人： Tihiro Ohkawa

发明人： Tihiro Ohkawa

IPC分类号： H01M8/06

CPC分类号： H01M8/1011 ,  H01M4/8615 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/083 ,  H01M8/1013 ,  H01M8/186 ,  Y02E60/522 ,  Y02E60/523 ,  Y02E60/528

摘要： A unit for generating an electrical current includes an electrolysis cell and a hydrogen fuel cell having a common mid-electrode. This mid-electrode is hydrophobic and separates a PEM electrolyte in the fuel cell from an electrolyte mixture of water and a carbon compound in the electrolysis cell. Electrolysis of the water produces hydrogen at the mid-electrode and carbon dioxide at the anode of the unit. The hydrogen diffuses into the hydrogen fuel cell through the mid-electrode but it prevents the water mixture in the electrolysis cell from contacting the PEM electrolyte in the fuel cell. Oxygen is provided to react with hydrogen protons at the cathode of the fuel cell to produce water. An external circuit is provided between the respective unit anode at the electrolysis cell and the unit cathode at the fuel cell for carrying the electrical current generated by the unit.

摘要翻译： 用于产生电流的单元包括电解槽和具有公共中间电极的氢燃料电池。 该中间电极是疏水性的，并且将电解池中的燃料电池中的PEM电解质与水和碳化合物的电解质混合物分离。 水的电解在中间电极产生氢气，在单元的阳极产生二氧化碳。 氢气通过中间电极扩散到氢燃料电池中，但是它阻止电解槽中的水混合物与燃料电池中的PEM电解液接触。 提供氧气以在燃料电池的阴极处与氢质子反应以产生水。 在电解池的各单元阳极与燃料电池单元阴极之间设置外部电路，用于承载由该单元产生的电流。

公开(公告)号：US20060261522A1

公开(公告)日：2006-11-23

申请号：US11131961

申请日：2005-05-18

申请人： Tihiro Ohkawa ,  Karl Umstadter

发明人： Tihiro Ohkawa ,  Karl Umstadter

IPC分类号： B23K26/38

CPC分类号： C23C14/28 ,  B01B1/005 ,  B23K26/40 ,  B23K2103/50

摘要： A laser device and method, for vaporizing a solid material, requires mixing silica with a metal oxide to prepare a mixture. The mixture is then sintered to create a ceramic brick having a thermal expansion coefficient below 5×10−6/° K. In operation, the device generates a laser beam, with a predetermined power density at a point on the laser beam. This point on the laser beam is then moved along a path on the brick to create a melt zone for the material at the point. This is done with a movement of the melt zone, at a speed within a range of predetermined operational parameters, to transition the material from a solid to a vapor.

摘要翻译： 用于汽化固体材料的激光装置和方法需要将二氧化硅与金属氧化物混合以制备混合物。 然后将混合物烧结以产生具有低于5×10 -6 /°K的热膨胀系数的陶瓷砖。在操作中，该装置产生具有预定功率密度的激光束 激光束。 然后激光束上的这一点沿着砖上的路径移动，以在该点处为材料形成熔体区。 这是通过熔体区域的运动以预定操作参数范围内的速度进行的，以将材料从固体转变成蒸气。

公开(公告)号：US20060109195A1

公开(公告)日：2006-05-25

申请号：US10994778

申请日：2004-11-22

申请人： Tihiro Ohkawa ,  Terence Wade

发明人： Tihiro Ohkawa ,  Terence Wade

IPC分类号： H01Q1/42

CPC分类号： H05H1/46 ,  H01Q1/26 ,  H01Q1/42

摘要： A shielded RF antenna system for generating a plasma from a starting material (e.g. a gas) includes a circularly shaped, loop antenna that surrounds a plasma region. A conductive, elongated screen element having an inner surface and an outer surface is wound as a helix around the loop antenna with the inner surface distanced from the antenna. Adjacent edges of the helical winding are overlapped and an insulator, such as a ceramic, is positioned between the overlapped edges to create a fluid tight seal therebetween. The screen element shields the electrostatic component of the electromagnetic field from the plasma region and prevents plasma from passing through the shield. In addition, the structure allows the insulator to be positioned between the overlapped edges where it is not directly exposed to the plasma.

摘要翻译： 用于从起始材料（例如气体）产生等离子体的屏蔽RF天线系统包括围绕等离子体区域的圆形环形天线。 具有内表面和外表面的导电细长筛网元件围绕环形天线缠绕，其中内表面远离天线。 螺旋绕组的相邻边缘重叠，并且绝缘体（例如陶瓷）被定位在重叠的边缘之间，以在它们之间形成流体密封。 屏幕元件屏蔽来自等离子体区域的电磁场的静电分量，并防止等离子体通过屏蔽。 此外，该结构允许绝缘体定位在其不直接暴露于等离子体的重叠边缘之间。

公开(公告)号：US06805783B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-19

申请号：US09735985

申请日：2000-12-13

申请人： Tihiro Ohkawa

发明人： Tihiro Ohkawa

IPC分类号： G01N2726

CPC分类号： G01N27/44791 ,  B01L3/50273 ,  B01L2400/0415 ,  B01L2400/0418 ,  F04B17/00 ,  F04B19/006 ,  G01N27/44704

摘要： A device and method for pumping an electrolyte solution includes a conduit having a first end, a second end and a lumen for containing the electrolyte solution. An opening at each end of the conduit allows electrolyte solution to enter and exit the lumen of the conduit. The device further includes a ferroelectric member that is positioned along a portion of the conduit. The ferroelectric member is formed with a contact surface for interaction with the electrolyte solution. An electrode is positioned adjacent to the ferroelectric member to polarize the ferroelectric member and charge the contact surface. Driving electrodes are positioned to establish a potential difference in the electrolyte solution across the portion of the conduit containing the ferroelectric member.

摘要翻译： 用于泵送电解质溶液的装置和方法包括具有用于容纳电解质溶液的第一端，第二端和内腔的导管。 导管两端的开口允许电解质溶液进入和离开导管的内腔。 该装置还包括沿导管的一部分定位的铁电元件。 该铁电元件形成有与电解质溶液相互作用的接触表面。 电极位于与铁电元件相邻的位置，以极化铁电元件并对接触表面充电。 定位驱动电极以在包含铁电元件的导管的部分上建立电解液中的电位差。

公开(公告)号：US06797176B1

公开(公告)日：2004-09-28

申请号：US10613833

申请日：2003-07-03

申请人： Tihiro Ohkawa

发明人： Tihiro Ohkawa

IPC分类号： B03C100

CPC分类号： B03C1/023

摘要： A device for separating high mass to charge particles (M1) from low mass to charge particles (M2) in a plasma includes a cylindrical wall that surrounds a chamber and defines an axis. Rectangular shaped coils are mounted on the wall to establish a magnetic field, B0, in the chamber that is aligned substantially perpendicular to the axis and which rotates about the axis. Circularly shaped coils are provided to generate a time-constant, axially aligned magnetic field, Bz, in the chamber. Passive, ring-shaped electrodes are positioned at the ends of the wall and connected to resistors which are then grounded. The rotating magnetic field, B0, rotates the plasma in the axially aligned magnetic field, Bz, which in turn, induces a radially oriented electric field, Er, in the chamber. The crossed fields (i.e. Er×Bz) cause the particles, M1, to strike the wall while the particles, M2, transit through the chamber.

摘要翻译： 用于将高质量与充电颗粒（M1）从低质量分离成等离子体中的颗粒（M2）的装置包括围绕腔室并限定轴线的圆柱形壁。 矩形线圈安装在壁上，以在腔室中建立磁场B0，该磁场基本上垂直于轴线并且绕轴旋转。 提供圆形线圈以在腔室中产生时间常数的轴向对准的磁场Bz。 被动的环形电极位于壁的端部，并连接到接地的电阻器上。 旋转磁场B0使轴向对准的磁场Bz中的等离子体旋转，Bz又在腔室中引起径向取向的电场Er。 交叉场（即ErxBz）使颗粒M1撞击壁，同时颗粒M2通过室。