摘要:
An agent for stabilizing air content of hydraulic cement compositions includes graft copolymers obtained by a first step in which copolymers with average numerical molecular weight 5000-50000 are obtained by radical polymerization of a mixture of radical polymerizable monomers containing anhydrous maleic acid and monomers of a specified form, together in an amount of 80 molar % or more and at molar ratio of 40/60-60/40 and a second step in which graft copolymers are obtained by a graft reaction of 100 weight parts of the copolymers obtained in the first step and 7-60 weight parts of polyoxyalkylene monoalkylether and/or polyoxyalkylene monoalkenylether with a block addition of a total of 23-70 moles of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide per 1 mole of aliphatic alcohol with 8-20 carbon atoms. A hydraulic cement composition is produced with cement, aggregates, water, a cement dispersant, an agent for controlling air content and contains an agent for stabilizing air content as described above in the amount of 0.001-0.5 weight parts per 100 weight parts of the cement.
摘要:
Polyetherester monomers of a high quality are produced by causing an esterification reaction of polyalkyleneglycol with a closed end of a specified kind which has been refined so as to contain residual free acid by less than 0.03 weight %, as converted to acetic acid, and unsaturated carboxylic acid of another specified kind by using a specified amount of an acid catalyst under a heated and reduced-pressure condition in the absence of solvents and in the presence of p-benzoquinone and/or phenothiazine while distilling away generated water. Cement dispersants are produced by using water-soluble vinyl copolymers obtained by a radical copolymerization reaction between such polyetherester monomers and vinyl monomers.
摘要:
Cement dispersants which contain two specified kinds of water-soluble vinyl copolymers mixed at a specified ratio can produce cement compositions such as concrete with water/cement ratio of 20-40 weight % with a reduced slump loss and provide a high early strength.
摘要:
Cement dispersants which contain two specified kinds of water-soluble vinyl copolymers mixed at a specified ratio can produce cement compositions such as concrete with water/cement ratio of 20-40 weight % with a reduced slump loss and provide a high early strength.
摘要:
The hydraulic substance according to the present invention comprises a certain amount of solid particles A (such as portland cement and mixed cement comprising portland cement), an average diameter thereof is 5 to 50 .mu.m, and solid particles B (such as silica fume comprising amorphous silica), an average diameter thereof is less than 1/5 of the particles A, and the particles B have such characteristic that they cohere to the surfaces of the particles A in water, and the quantity of the particles B is arranged such that they cover at least to make a single layer over the whole or part of surfaces of the particles A to cover whole or part of surfaces of particles A with particles B at least with a single layer, and the quantity of the water is arranged such that it is less than 60% of the total amount of the particles A and particles B.
摘要:
Cement dispersion agents composed of water-soluble vinyl copolymers obtained by aqueous solution radical polymerization of five specified kinds of monomers at a ratio within a specified range can provide improved fluidity to high-strength hardened concrete and mortar with extremely low water-to-cement ratio.
摘要:
Fluidizing property is provided to a hyraulic cement composition by adding a cement dispersion agent to the composition by 0.01-2 weight % with respect to its solid cement component. The cement dispersion agent contains a water-soluble vinyl copolymer which is obtainable by copolymerization of at least first monomer shown by Formula A given below, second monomer shown by Formula B given below and third monomer shown by Formula C given below at copolymerization rate of 10-50/3-25/80-40 by weight: ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are H or CH.sub.3, R.sup.5 is alkyl group with 1-3 carbon atoms, M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 are alkali metal, alkali earth metal, ammonium or organic amine, and n is an integer in the range 5-25. Such a dispersion agent is produced by aqueous solution polymerization of monomers of these kinds at a weight ratio within the range given above in the presence of a radical polymerization initiating agent.
摘要:
A cement dispersion agent contains a water-soluble vinyl copolymer having numerical average molecular weight of 2000-15000 which is obtainable by copolymerization of at least three kinds of monomers shown by Formulas A, B and C given below at copolymerization ratio of 10-50/3-25/80-40 by weight: ##STR1## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are H or CH.sub.3, R.sup.4 is alkyl group with 1-3 carbon atoms, M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 are alkali metal, alkali earth metal, ammonium or organic amine, and n is an integer in the range 5-25. Such a dispersion agent is produced by aqueous solution polymerization of monomers of these kinds at a weight ratio within the range given above in the presence of a radical polymerization initiating agent. Fluidizing property can be provided to a hydraulic cement composition like concrete, cement paste and mortar by adding an agent of this invention by 0.01-0.2 wt % by solid cement component.
摘要:
A wire electric discharge machining method for cutting a workpiece (WK) by moving a wire electrode (WR) relative to the workpiece and producing an electric discharge across the wire electrode and workpiece, the method including preparing and entering path data specifying contours to be cut on upper (APL) and lower (BPL) planes of the workpiece, separately preparing and entering such auxiliary data as an amount of wire diameter compensation, workpiece mounting position and guide positions necessary for moving the wire electrode (WR) relative to the workpiece (WK), obtaining relative path data between the workpiece and an upper guide (UG) tensioning the wire electrode as well as relative path data between the workpiece and a lower guide (DG) tensioning the wire electrode by using the path data and the auxiliary data, and taper cutting contours commanded on the upper and lower planes of the workpiece by moving the upper and lower guides relative to the workpiece using both path data.
摘要:
A wire cut electric discharge machining condition setting system including cursor shift push button switches for selecting with a cursor one of the machining conditions displayed on a screen at a CRT display unit, numerical push button switches for setting values of the selected machining conditions, and increment and decrement push button switches for continuously updating the preset values of the machining conditions all arranged in a wire cut electric discharge machine. The value of the machining condition selected with the cursor is set by the numerical push button switches and is updated by the increment and decrement push button switches.