公开(公告)号：US5241515A

公开(公告)日：1993-08-31

申请号：US916450

申请日：1992-07-17

申请人： Edwin O. Harms ,  Willem Prins

发明人： Edwin O. Harms ,  Willem Prins

IPC分类号： A61B5/055 ,  A61B5/08 ,  A61B5/113 ,  A61B8/08 ,  G01S15/50

CPC分类号： A61B8/08 ,  A61B5/113 ,  G01S15/50

摘要： Variations in the position of a part of a living object within the measurement space of magnetic resonance apparatus are determined by an ultrasound device in which bursts of ultrasonic waves having a frequency F.sub.US are transmitted towards the object in response to start signals generated to the repetition frequency F.sub.R, and ultrasonic waves reflected by the object are received and an analog echo signal is detected which is converted into a digital echo signal made up of a sequence of echo pulses having a repetition frequency F.sub.US. The device includes a controller for generating a time-window, for determining whether a predetermined edge of an echo pulse occurs within the time-window, and for setting the time for generating the next time-window at 1/F.sub.R -1/2F.sub.US after an echo pulse has occurred within the time-window. In order to automatically generate a next time-window even in the absence of an echo pulse received in the previous time-window, an estimating circuit provides an estimated value for the time for generating the next time-window, which estimating circuit includes an envelope detector and a level detector for determining the time t.sub.L when the level of the envelope of the analog echo signal exceeds a predetermined level. The time for generating the next time-window is set at 1/F.sub.R -1/2F.sub.US after the time t.sub.L if no echo pulse has occurred within the time-window.

公开(公告)号：US5187688A

公开(公告)日：1993-02-16

申请号：US864459

申请日：1992-04-06

申请人： Makoto Saruta

发明人： Makoto Saruta

IPC分类号： G01S15/52 ,  G01S15/04 ,  G01S15/50 ,  G01S15/87 ,  G01S15/88 ,  G06M7/00 ,  G07C9/00

CPC分类号： G07C9/00 ,  G01S15/50 ,  G01S15/87

摘要： A passage is periodically scanned by a plurality of ultrasonic transmitters/receivers (sensors) arranged on the ceiling of the passage in two lines to calculate the height of an object to be measured to each sensor and the presence or absence of the measured object(s), moving direction(s) thereof, and the number thereof are reckoned from changes in sensed height and sensing time for each sensor induced by passing an object to be measured through the passage, and the position and a change in position with time of each sensor which senses the measured object concerned to count the number of passers-by in each moving direction. The presence or absence of the object to be measured and the number to be counted are decided in accordance with changes in sensed position and sensed height and the interrelation thereof, so that the number of sensors can be reduced and the number of passers-by can be counted at a high accuracy even when a plurality of persons pass under the sensors in a group.

摘要翻译： 由通过两条线路布置在通道的天花板上的多个超声波发射器/接收器（传感器）周期性地扫描通道，以计算要测量的物体的高度到每个传感器以及被测物体的存在或不存在 ），其移动方向及其数量来自于通过通过通过通过待测量物体而引起的每个传感器的感测高度和感测时间的变化，以及每个传感器的位置和位置随时间的变化 感测所测量的物体以计算每个移动方向上的路人数。 要测量的对象的存在或不存在以及要被计数的数量根据感测到的位置和感测高度的变化及其相互关系来确定，使得可以减少传感器的数量并且路人的数量 即使当多个人通过组中的传感器下方时，也可以高精度地计数。

公开(公告)号：US5109857A

公开(公告)日：1992-05-05

申请号：US664021

申请日：1991-03-04

申请人： David N. Roundhill ,  Olaf T. von Ramm

发明人： David N. Roundhill ,  Olaf T. von Ramm

IPC分类号： A61B8/06 ,  G01S15/50

CPC分类号： A61B8/06 ,  G01S15/50

摘要： Disclosed is an ultrasonic method of measuring the movement of a particle in a test region. The method comprises processing a modulated signal returned from the test region to detect a first range of feature data and then processing a modulated signal returned from the test region to detect a second range of feature data. The second range of feature data is then compared to the first range of feature data to determine the positional displacement between at least one feature in the second range of feature data and the closest adjacent feature in the first range of feature data. The positional displacement indicates the movement of a particle in the test region. Also disclosed is an apparatus for carrying out the foregoing method.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种测量测试区域中的颗粒运动的超声波方法。 该方法包括处理从测试区域返回的调制信号，以检测特征数据的第一范围，然后处理从测试区域返回的调制信号，以检测特征数据的第二范围。 然后将特征数据的第二范围与特征数据的第一范围进行比较，以确定特征数据的第二范围中的至少一个特征与第一特征数据范围中最接近的相邻特征之间的位置位移。 位置偏移表示粒子在测试区域中的运动。 还公开了一种用于执行上述方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：US4193306A

公开(公告)日：1980-03-18

申请号：US952844

申请日：1978-10-19

申请人： John J. Flaherty ,  Eric J. Strauts

发明人： John J. Flaherty ,  Eric J. Strauts

IPC分类号： G01N29/06 ,  G01S15/50 ,  G01N29/04

CPC分类号： G01S15/50 ,  G01N29/0609

摘要： An ultrasonic system for detection of defects is provided including a pulse-echo instrument having a cathode ray tube on which an A-scan visual indication of flaws is produced and including a doppler circuit arranged to produce a doppler signal in an audible range in response to movement of a transducer relative to defects in a pipe seam or other region being investigated. The doppler signal is applied to earphones, permitting the existence of defects to be reliably determined audibly, after which the defects may be more carefully studied through the visual indications on the cathode ray tube. The doppler signal is also recorded on one track of a magnetic tape with operator's comments being recorded on a second track of the same tape. The doppler circuit includes an oscillator operated during a gating time interval to generate a reference signal, a phase detector responsive to a reference signal and to echo ignals, and a sample and hold circuit for storing the output of the phase detector from one cycle to the next.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于检测缺陷的超声波系统，包括具有阴极射线管的脉冲回波仪器，在该脉冲回波仪器上产生瑕疵的A扫描视觉指示，并且包括多普勒电路，该多普勒电路被布置为响应于可听见的范围产生多普勒信号 传感器相对于正在研究的管缝或其他区域中的缺陷的运动。 多普勒信号被应用于耳机，允许可听见地确定缺陷的存在，之后可以通过阴极射线管上的视觉指示更仔细地研究缺陷。 多普勒信号也被记录在磁带的一个轨道上，操作者的意见被记录在同一磁带的第二轨道上。 多普勒电路包括在门控时间间隔期间操作以产生参考信号的振荡器，响应于参考信号和回波点的相位检测器，以及采样和保持电路，用于将相位检测器的输出从一个周期存储到 下一个。

公开(公告)号：US4193055A

公开(公告)日：1980-03-11

申请号：US776751

申请日：1977-03-11

申请人： Charly Barnum

发明人： Charly Barnum

IPC分类号： G01S7/529 ,  G01S15/50 ,  G01S9/66

CPC分类号： G01S7/529 ,  G01S15/50

摘要： The instant invention relates to a device which automatically adjusts the sensitivity level of a system which can be used to control power circuits. In particular, the device has particular value in connection with devices which detect motion in a confined space through the use of a Doppler shift of ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves and turn lights on and off depending upon whether or not there is human movement in the confined space. The device adjusts the gain of an AGC such that the gain varies inversely with the amplitude after a predetermined time delay. The time delay permits short term amplitude gain but suppresses the gain of constant amplitude signals thereby suppressing or filtering out long term constant noise. The gain in a "noisy" environment would be suppressed thus causing the sensitivity of the system to be lowered when ambient noise is at an appreciable level and conversely, would increase the gain and correspondingly the gain when there is a low noise environment.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种自动调节可用于控制电源电路的系统的灵敏度级别的装置。 特别地，该装置与通过使用超声波或电磁波的多普勒频移来检测受限空间中的运动并且根据在受限空间中是否存在人运动而打开和关闭灯的装置具有特别的价值 。 该装置调整AGC的增益，使得增益在预定时间延迟之后与振幅成反比变化。 时间延迟允许短期幅度增益，但抑制恒定幅度信号的增益，从而抑制或滤除长期恒定噪声。 在“嘈杂”环境中的增益将被抑制，从而当环境噪声处于可观的水平时导致系统的灵敏度降低，相反地，当存在低噪声环境时，会增加增益和相应的增益。

公开(公告)号：US4114136A

公开(公告)日：1978-09-12

申请号：US446571

申请日：1975-02-25

申请人： John M. D'Albora

发明人： John M. D'Albora

IPC分类号： G01S15/50 ,  G01S15/88 ,  G01S9/66

CPC分类号： G01S15/88 ,  G01S15/50 ,  Y10S367/901

摘要： A processor for a quick measurement of statistically significant variationsf the characteristics of a signal in the presence of noise wherein the processor measures the variance of a wave parameter such as the time period of the signal. The processor also measures the signal-to-noise ratio from which the variance of the time period of the signal is calculated. A comparison of the measured and the calculated values of the variance of the time period thus gives information about the small variations in the characteristics of the signal.

公开(公告)号：US3813654A

公开(公告)日：1974-05-28

申请号：US18669171

申请日：1971-10-05

申请人： SONICAID LTD

发明人： CLIFTON D ,  FIELDER F

IPC分类号： A61B8/02 ,  G01S15/50 ,  G01S9/66 ,  A61B5/02

CPC分类号： A61B8/0866 ,  A61B8/02 ,  G01S15/50

摘要： The invention relates to diagnostic apparatus including an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver. The beat signal is passed through a filter to select a particular frequency which occurs once in each heartbeat cycle. A voltage is produced proportional to the time interval between adjacent pulses of this particular frequency and a second train of pulses having a much higher repetition frequency is produced, the frequency of this second pulse train varying inversely with said voltage. The second train is applied to two pump circuit, one of which produces a signal representing the instantaneous frequency of this pulse train and the other of which produces a signal representing the average value of this frequency. The instantaneous signal is applied to a track/store amplifier which is changed over from its tracking function to its storage function when the difference between the instantaneous and average values exceeds a predetermined minimum.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及包括超声波发射器和超声波接收器的诊断装置。 节拍信号通过滤波器以选择在每个心跳周期中发生一次的特定频率。 产生与该特定频率的相邻脉冲之间的时间间隔成比例的电压，并且产生具有高得多的重复频率的第二脉冲串，该第二脉冲串的频率与所述电压成反比。 第二列车应用于两个泵电路，其中一个产生表示该脉冲串的瞬时频率的信号，另一个产生表示该频率的平均值的信号。 当瞬时和平均值之间的差超过预定的最小值时，瞬时信号被施加到轨道/存储放大器，该放大器从其跟踪功能切换到其存储功能。

公开(公告)号：US3231852A

公开(公告)日：1966-01-25

申请号：US23503862

申请日：1962-11-02

申请人： JANUS PRODUCTS INC

发明人： JACK KRITZ

IPC分类号： G01S15/50

CPC分类号： G01S15/50 ,  Y10S367/909

公开(公告)号：US11686832B2

公开(公告)日：2023-06-27

申请号：US17305405

申请日：2021-07-07

申请人： Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives

发明人： François Baque

IPC分类号： G01S7/539 ,  G01N29/44 ,  G01S15/10 ,  G01S15/50

CPC分类号： G01S7/539 ,  G01N29/4436 ,  G01S15/10 ,  G01S15/50

摘要： An ultrasonic target, including a main reflector, the main reflector including three main faces, extending from a main vertex, the main faces forming a main trirectangular trihedron; defining a main base plane, lying facing the main vertex, and forming a base of the main trirectangular trihedron; the target including at least one auxiliary reflector fastened to the main reflector, the or each auxiliary reflector including three auxiliary faces, extending from an auxiliary vertex, the auxiliary faces forming an auxiliary trirectangular trihedron; defining an auxiliary base plane, lying facing the auxiliary vertex, and forming a base of the auxiliary trirectangular trihedron.

公开(公告)号：US20170205448A1

公开(公告)日：2017-07-20

申请号：US15314614

申请日：2014-07-10

申请人： SFFT Company Limited

发明人： Kazushi AKUTSU

IPC分类号： G01R19/04

CPC分类号： G01R19/04 ,  G01R23/00 ,  G01R23/16 ,  G01R23/167 ,  G01R23/177 ,  G01S7/526 ,  G01S15/50 ,  G06F17/141 ,  G10G7/02 ,  G10L25/90

摘要： A peak frequency detection device provided with: an n multiplication unit that multiplies each element of a digital data string by n (n is an integer of 2 or more); an FFT unit that derives, as a virtual peak frequency, a frequency that corresponds to the maximum value of a power spectrum that is obtained by performing a fast Fourier transform of a digital data string of N (N is an integer of a power of 2 and is determined in accordance with a sampling frequency (fs), a sampling resolution (ftg), and a time window length (Ttg)) sample frequencies (fs) that are multiplied by n; and a 1/n multiplication unit that outputs the value of the virtual peak frequency multiplied by 1/n as the peak frequency of the digital data string. The peak frequency detection device satisfies n≧1/(ftg×Ttg), fs/(n×ftg)≦N≦fs×Ttg, and fs>2×n×fch.