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公开(公告)号：US4648039A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-03
申请号：US567359
申请日：1983-12-30
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/42 , G01V2210/161
摘要： Disclosed is separation of the compressional and shear components of the wavefield measured in 3-component vertical seismic profiling. The separation involves working in the zx plane defined by the borehole axis (z) and the surface seismic source, and in successive and overlapping windows each defined by (i) a depth interval centered at the depth level currently being processed and including several depth levels above and below and (ii) a time interval sufficiently long to include the receipt of the relevant seismic energy by the geophones. The total wavefield measurements in a window are rotated to give the energy along the borehole axis (z) and that perpendicular to it in the zx plane of interest, the result is forward Fourier transformed in two dimensions, then filtered in wavenumber-frequency space by means of a matrix filter which depends on previously estimated compressional and shear speeds of the region that produced the VSP measurements being filtered, and the result is inverse Fourier transformed to derive the compressional component. Subtracting the compressional component from the total measured wavefield gives the shear component. The corresponding operations performed entirely in the spatial domain give corresponding results.
摘要翻译： 公开了在三分量垂直地震剖面中测量的波场的压缩和剪切分量的分离。 分离涉及在由钻孔轴线（z）和表面地震源定义的zx平面中以及在连续和重叠的窗口中工作，每个窗口由（i）以当前正在处理的深度级为中心的深度间隔定义，并且包括几个深度级 （ii）足够长的时间间隔，以包括地震检波器接收相关的地震能量。 旋转窗口中的总波场测量值以沿钻孔轴线（z）提供能量，并在垂直于目标的zx平面中的能量，其结果是二维前向傅里叶变换，然后在波数频率空间中进行滤波 矩阵滤波器的装置，该矩阵滤波器取决于产生正被滤波的VSP测量的区域的先前估计的压缩和剪切速度，并且该结果被逆傅里叶变换以导出压缩分量。 从总测量的波场中减去压缩分量给出剪切分量。 完全在空间域中执行的相应操作给出相应的结果。
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公开(公告)号：US4604734A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-05
申请号：US501338
申请日：1983-06-06
申请人： William H. Ruehle
发明人： William H. Ruehle
CPC分类号： G01V1/286
摘要： Field seismograms are gathered into sets having reflections from asymmetrical common reflection points where there is a conversion between longitudinal waves and shear waves. The gathered seismograms are stacked to produce a seismic section which emphasizes the reflections from particular types of formations. In particular, reflections from formations having a significant difference in longitudinal to shear wave velocity, such as oil and gas saturated formations, are emphasized in the stacked section.
摘要翻译： 场地震图被聚集成具有来自不对称共同反射点的反射的集合，其中在纵波和剪切波之间具有转换。 聚集的地震图被堆叠以产生强调来自特定类型地层的反射的地震剖面。 特别地，在堆叠部分中强调了在纵向与剪切波速度之间具有显着差异的地层（例如油和气体饱和地层）的反射。
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公开(公告)号：US20190219718A1
公开(公告)日：2019-07-18
申请号：US15578603
申请日：2016-10-26
CPC分类号： G01V1/50 , G01V1/28 , G01V1/286 , G01V1/303 , G01V1/52 , G01V2210/43 , G01V2210/47 , G01V2210/6222
摘要： Methods for well logging may comprise recording a pressure wave at a dipole receiver, processing the pressure wave with a Fourier transform, computing a frequency semblance from the Fourier transform, computing an adaptive weighting function, and estimating a shear wave slowness. A method for well logging may further comprise disposing a downhole tool into a borehole, activating the dipole transmitter, sensing the pressure wave with the dipole receiver, recording the pressure wave, processing the pressure wave with a Fourier transform, computing a frequency semblance from the Fourier transform, and estimating a shear wave slowness. Estimating shear wave slowness may comprise producing one or more adaptive weights, a combination of a coherence map, and a dispersion curve. Estimating shear wave slowness may further comprise preparing an acoustic well log from the adaptive weights, the combination of the coherence map, and the dispersion curve.
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公开(公告)号：US09829590B2
公开(公告)日：2017-11-28
申请号：US15084830
申请日：2016-03-30
发明人： Bob A. Hardage
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/38 , G01V1/42 , G01V2210/125 , G01V2210/1297 , G01V2210/1427 , G01V2210/56
摘要： A system and method of processing seismic data obtained using a plurality of towed single-component receivers in a marine environment is described, the towed single-component receivers configured to measure compressional P waves. The method comprises retrieving seismic data from a storage device, the seismic data comprising P-P data and shear mode data, wherein the P-P data and shear mode data were both received at the towed single-component receivers configured to measure compressional P waves to generate the seismic data. The method further comprises processing the seismic data to extract SV-P shear mode data and generating shear mode image data based on the extracted shear mode data.
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公开(公告)号：US09250344B2
公开(公告)日：2016-02-02
申请号：US13271249
申请日：2011-10-12
CPC分类号： G01V1/3808 , G01V1/286 , G01V1/3852 , G01V2210/1427 , G01V2210/60
摘要： The various embodiments herein provide a method to acquire seismic data to estimate reservoir characteristics in a shallow sea water environment. According to an embodiment herein, a method comprises acquiring four component ocean bottom cable (4C OBC) seismic data using a hydrophone and a three component geophone by varying a time delay between the shots and spacing between the shots. A full acoustic modeling process and an elastic modeling process are applied to the acquire 4C OBC seismic data to acquire a pressure data and an inline geophone data to estimate a horizontal component data and a reflected shear wave data. The estimated horizontal component data are NMO corrected and stacked by varying sampling intervals to remove noise component in the acquired seismic data. A shear wave energy data is estimated from the acquired pressure data to estimate shear wave properties of a sea bed and a subsurface carbonate reservoir.
摘要翻译： 本文的各种实施例提供了一种获取地震数据以估计浅海水环境中的储层特性的方法。 根据本文的实施例，一种方法包括通过改变射击之间的时间延迟和射击之间的间隔，使用水听器和三分量地震检波器来获取四组分海底电缆（4C OBC）地震数据。 将全声学建模过程和弹性建模过程应用于采集4C OBC地震数据，以获取压力数据和线性地震检波器数据，以估计水平分量数据和反射的剪切波数据。 估计的水平分量数据通过变化的采样间隔进行NMO校正和堆叠，以消除获取的地震数据中的噪声分量。 从获取的压力数据估计剪切波能量数据，以估计海床和地下碳酸盐岩储层的剪切波特性。
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公开(公告)号：US20120092957A1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-19
申请号：US13271249
申请日：2011-10-12
IPC分类号： G01V1/38
CPC分类号： G01V1/3808 , G01V1/286 , G01V1/3852 , G01V2210/1427 , G01V2210/60
摘要： The various embodiments herein provide a method to acquire seismic data to estimate reservoir characteristics in a shallow sea water environment. According to an embodiment herein, a method comprises acquiring four component ocean bottom cable (4C OBC) seismic data using a hydrophone and a three component geophone by varying a time delay between the shots and spacing between the shots. A full acoustic modelling process and an elastic modelling process are applied to the acquire 4C OBC seismic data to acquire a pressure data and an inline geophone data to estimate a horizontal component data and a reflected shear wave data. The estimated horizontal component data are NMO corrected and stacked by varying sampling intervals to remove noise component in the acquired seismic data. A shear wave energy data is estimated from the acquired pressure data to estimate shear wave properties of a sea bed and a subsurface carbonate reservoir.
摘要翻译： 本文的各种实施例提供了一种获取地震数据以估计浅海水环境中的储层特性的方法。 根据本文的实施例，一种方法包括通过改变射击之间的时间延迟和射击之间的间隔，使用水听器和三分量地震检波器来获取四组分海底电缆（4C OBC）地震数据。 将全声学建模过程和弹性建模过程应用于采集4C OBC地震数据，以获取压力数据和线性地震检波器数据，以估计水平分量数据和反射的剪切波数据。 估计的水平分量数据通过变化的采样间隔进行NMO校正和堆叠，以消除获取的地震数据中的噪声分量。 从获取的压力数据估计剪切波能量数据，以估计海床和地下碳酸盐岩储层的剪切波特性。
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公开(公告)号：US20120002505A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-05
申请号：US13175817
申请日：2011-07-01
IPC分类号： G01V1/28
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V2210/48 , G01V2210/586
摘要： An approach is provided for a multi-component seismic data processing that separates P-type and S-type seismic waves in an affine coordinate system. A method for separating and composing seismic waves comprises: determining base vectors of the seismic waves; transforming and separating the seismic wave in an affine coordinate system; and obtaining a signal with true amplitudes and eliminating a mode leakage phenomenon. Therefore, the method achieves the wave separation and recovers the amplitudes of separated waves simultaneously, which reduces noises to provide more precisely seismic data and to satisfy the requirement of seismic data analysis and processing.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在仿射坐标系中分离P型和S型地震波的多分量地震数据处理的方法。 一种用于分离和组合地震波的方法包括：确定地震波的基矢量; 在仿射坐标系中转换和分离地震波; 并获得具有真实幅度的信号并消除模式泄漏现象。 因此，该方法实现了波分离，同时恢复了分离波的振幅，减少了噪声，提供了更精确的地震数据，满足了地震数据分析与处理的要求。
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公开(公告)号：US20080275650A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-06
申请号：US12176356
申请日：2008-07-19
IPC分类号： G01V1/28
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/362 , G01V2210/53
摘要： A method of processing seismic data that includes including first and second modes of seismic energy where the second mode has been generated by partial mode conversion of the first mode at a boundary face of a layer of the seabed includes the step of cross-correlating a trace acquired at a receiver and including events corresponding to the first mode with a trace acquired at the same receiver and including events corresponding to the second mode. An event in the cross-correlated data that corresponds to partial mode conversion is identified, and the amplitude of this event is normalized, for example relative to the amplitude of the peak in the cross-correlogram at zero time delay. Information about the effects of the static shift produced by the layer and/or about vector infidelity can be arrived from normalized cross-correlograms for receivers in a receiver array.
摘要翻译： 一种处理地震数据的方法，包括包括地震能量的第一和第二模式，其中通过在海底层的边界面处的第一模式的部分模式转换已经产生第二模式，包括将迹线互相关的步骤 在接收机处获取并且包括与在第一模式相对应的事件，其中在同一接收机处获取的跟踪包括与第二模式对应的事件。 识别对应于部分模式转换的交叉相关数据中的事件，并且该事件的幅度例如相对于零时间延迟的交叉相关中的峰值的幅度被归一化。 关于由层产生的静态移位和/或关于向量不忠的影响的信息可以从接收机阵列中的接收机的标准化交叉相关图得出。
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公开(公告)号：US07376539B2
公开(公告)日：2008-05-20
申请号：US10414972
申请日：2003-04-16
申请人： Isabelle Lecomte
发明人： Isabelle Lecomte
CPC分类号： G01V1/286 , G01V1/282 , G01V2210/512 , G01V2210/614
摘要： A method, article of manufacture, and data set for simulating seismic prestack depth migrated images on the basis of a model of a selected GF-node, without the use of real or synthetic recorded data, provides a very efficient and flexible way to calculate a simulated depth migrated image as a function of parameters such as survey, overburden model, pulse, elastic wavefield, and local reflectivity structure. Important information needed for the method is the scattering wavenumber, calculated for example, by ray methods and other equivalent methods. Complex model geometry can be done in 2-D and 3-D.
摘要翻译： 基于所选GF节点的模型，在不使用实际或合成记录数据的情况下，模拟地震叠前深度偏移图像的方法，制品和数据集提供了非常有效和灵活的计算方法 模拟深度迁移图像作为参数的函数，如调查，覆盖模型，脉冲，弹性波场和局部反射率结构。 该方法所需的重要信息是散射波数，例如通过射线方法和其他等效方法计算。 复杂的模型几何可以在2-D和3-D中完成。
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公开(公告)号：US06999879B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-14
申请号：US10778864
申请日：2004-02-13
申请人： Richard T. Houck
发明人： Richard T. Houck
IPC分类号： G06F19/00
摘要： A method of devising infill strategy in planning a seismic survey, using Monte Carlo methods and value-of-information theory to assess the probable value in well pay-out of a given increase in survey costs to reduce artifact degradation of the quality of the seismic data, where the seismic data will be used to make well-drilling decisions.
摘要翻译： 一种在规划地震勘测中设计填充策略的方法，使用蒙特卡罗方法和信息价值理论来评估在给定增加调查成本的同时支付的可能价值，以减少地震质量的伪像劣化 数据，其中地震数据将用于做出良好的钻井决策。
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