Method of fabricating a nitrogenated silicon oxide layer and MOS device having same
    62.
    发明授权
    Method of fabricating a nitrogenated silicon oxide layer and MOS device having same 有权
    制造氮化硅氧化物层的方法和具有其的MOS器件

    公开(公告)号:US07928020B2

    公开(公告)日:2011-04-19

    申请号:US11862865

    申请日:2007-09-27

    Abstract: A method for fabricating a nitrogen-containing dielectric layer and semiconductor device including the dielectric layer in which a silicon oxide layer is formed on a substrate, such that an interface region resides adjacent to substrate and a surface region resides opposite the interface region. Nitrogen is introduced into the silicon oxide layer by applying a nitrogen plasma. After applying nitrogen plasma, the silicon oxide layer is annealed. The processes of introducing nitrogen into the silicon oxide layer and annealing the silicon oxide layer are repeated to create a bi-modal nitrogen concentration profile in the silicon oxide layer. In the silicon oxide layer, the peak nitrogen concentrations are situated away from the interface region and at least one of the peak nitrogen concentrations is situated in proximity to the surface region. A method for fabricating a semiconductor device is incorporating the nitrogen-containing silicon oxide layers also disclosed.

    Abstract translation: 一种含氮介电层的制造方法和包括在基板上形成氧化硅层的电介质层的半导体器件,使得界面区域与基板相邻,表面区域与界面区域相对。 通过施加氮等离子体将氮引入到氧化硅层中。 在施加氮等离子体之后,将氧化硅层退火。 重复将氧气引入氧化硅层并退火氧化硅层的过程,以在氧化硅层中产生双峰氮浓度分布。 在氧化硅层中,峰值氮浓度远离界面区域,并且峰值氮浓度中的至少一个位于表面区域附近。 还公开了一种制造半导体器件的方法,其中还包括含氮氧化硅层。

    Lignin-blocking treatment of biomass and uses thereof
    65.
    发明授权
    Lignin-blocking treatment of biomass and uses thereof 有权
    生物质的木质素阻断处理及其用途

    公开(公告)号:US07604967B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-10-20

    申请号:US10391740

    申请日:2003-03-19

    CPC classification number: C12P7/10 C12P7/08 C12P19/02 Y02E50/16 Y02E50/17

    Abstract: Disclosed is a method for converting cellulose in a lignocellulosic biomass. The method provides for a lignin-blocking polypeptide and/or protein treatment of high lignin solids. The treatment enhances cellulase availability in cellulose conversion. Cellulase efficiencies are improved by the protein or polypeptide treatment. The treatment may be used in combination with steam explosion and acid prehydrolysis techniques. Hydrolysis yields from lignin containing biomass are enhanced 5-20%, and enzyme utilization is increased from 10% to 50%. Thus, a more efficient and economical method of processing lignin containing biomass materials utilizes a polypeptide/protein treatment step that effectively blocks lignin binding of cellulase.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种在木质纤维素生物质中转化纤维素的方法。 该方法提供高木质素固体的木质素阻断多肽和/或蛋白质处理。 该处理增强了纤维素转化中的纤维素酶可用性。 通过蛋白质或多肽处理改善纤维素酶的效率。 该处理可以与蒸汽爆炸和酸预水解技术结合使用。 含木质素生物质的水解产量提高5-20%,酶利用率从10%提高到50%。 因此,处理含木质素的生物质材料的更有效和经济的方法利用有效阻断木质素结合纤维素酶的多肽/蛋白质处理步骤。

    METHOD FOR DISPLAYING A PACKET SWITCHED CONGESTION STATUS OF A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORK
    66.
    发明申请
    METHOD FOR DISPLAYING A PACKET SWITCHED CONGESTION STATUS OF A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORK 审中-公开
    用于显示无线通信网络的分组交换状态的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20090231997A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-09-17

    申请号:US12395783

    申请日:2009-03-02

    CPC classification number: H04M1/72522 H04M1/2535 H04W28/08 H04W48/08 H04W48/16

    Abstract: A method and mobile electronic device are provided that display, for a user, a packet switched congestion status of a wireless communication network that is useful for estimating a network quality of service. The method includes transmitting a packet switched congestion status inquiry message from the mobile electronic device to a first network element in the wireless communication network. A reply message received from the first network element in response to the packet switched congestion status inquiry message is then processed. The reply message includes transmission delay information obtained from a device transmission delay between the first network element and the mobile electronic device and a network transmission delay between the first network element and at least one packet switched support node. The packet switched congestion status is then determined based on the transmission delay information. Finally, the packet switched congestion status is displayed on the mobile electronic device.

    Abstract translation: 提供了一种方法和移动电子设备,其为用户显示可用于估计网络服务质量的无线通信网络的分组交换拥塞状态。 该方法包括将分组交换拥塞状态查询消息从移动电子设备发送到无线通信网络中的第一网元。 然后处理从第一网元接收到的响应于分组交换拥塞状态查询消息的应答消息。 回复消息包括从第一网络元件和移动电子设备之间的设备传输延迟获得的传输延迟信息和第一网络元件与至少一个分组交换支持节点之间的网络传输延迟。 然后基于传输延迟信息来确定分组交换拥塞状态。 最后,在移动电子设备上显示分组交换拥塞状态。

    Multiplexing octets from a data flow over MPEG packets
    67.
    发明授权
    Multiplexing octets from a data flow over MPEG packets 有权
    通过MPEG数据包从数据流中复用八位字节

    公开(公告)号:US07590145B2

    公开(公告)日:2009-09-15

    申请号:US10881258

    申请日:2004-06-30

    Abstract: Multiplexing of information from a plurality of information flows into fixed-length packets such as, but not limited to, MPEG packets allows efficient utilization of bandwidth and also can be used to reduce transmission latency. In addition, utilizing MPEG packets and transport streams for octet multiplexing allows the packets carrying octet-multiplexed data to easily be integrated with other MPEG packets for other services that are commonly found in cable transmission networks of all coax, hybrid fiber coax, and/or all fiber. Moreover, the multiplexing techniques described herein will work in both wired (or constrained media) and wireless (or free-space propagation) environments. The multiplexing/demultiplexing of octets using MPEG packets generally is described by mappings that specify the use of octets in MPEG packets. Changes to allocations in a map generally should be propagated in a way that reliably ensures that both the transmitter and receiver have a consistent view of the octet mappings.

    Abstract translation: 从多个信息中将信息多路复用到固定长度分组中,例如但不限于MPEG分组,允许有效利用带宽,并且还可以用于减少传输等待时间。 另外,利用MPEG分组和传输流进行八位字节复用允许携带八位字节复用数据的分组容易地与其他所有同轴电缆,混合光纤同轴电缆的有线传输网络中常见的其他服务的其他MPEG分组集成,和/或 所有纤维。 此外,本文描述的复用技术将在有线(或约束介质)和无线(或自由空间传播)环境中起作用。 使用MPEG分组的八位字节的复用/解复用通常由指定在MPEG分组中使用八位字节的映射来描述。 映射中对分配的更改通常应以可靠地确保发送器和接收器都具有八位字节映射的一致视图的方式进行传播。

    Method for Controlling the Shapes of FM-AM Mixed Dots on a Multi-Bit Depth Imaging Apparatus
    69.
    发明申请
    Method for Controlling the Shapes of FM-AM Mixed Dots on a Multi-Bit Depth Imaging Apparatus 有权
    在多位深度成像仪上控制FM-AM混合点形状的方法

    公开(公告)号:US20080285085A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-11-20

    申请号:US12091287

    申请日:2006-04-29

    Inventor: Haifeng Li Bin Yang

    CPC classification number: H04N1/4057 H04N1/4053

    Abstract: Disclosed is a method for controlling the shapes of FM-AM mixed halftone dots on the multi-bit depth imaging apparatus. In the prior art, since the reproduction of the shapes of the dots in various gradations is absolutely based on the theory of random error diffusion and is influenced by the dynamic controlling output mechanism for the multi-bit dots, it is hard to assure the controllability of the shapes of the dots in a certain gradation. Based on the prior art, the dynamic statistic algorithm with adjacent output gray levels is introduced to assure the controllability of the shapes of the dots and solve the problem of random change of the shapes of the dots due to the randomicity of the error diffusion. According to the disclosed method, the features of the multi-bit imaging apparatus can be achieved fully in light of the requirements of the dots on the basis of the original method for multi-bit FM-AM mixed screening using error diffusion based on dual-feedback. The effect of FM-AM mixed halftone screening can be achieved under low resolution with controllable shapes of the dots, The problem of granular sensation can be solved during the practical output of the mixed halftone dots so as to assure the smooth effect of the gradations.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于在多位深度成像装置上控制FM-AM混合网版点的形状的方法。 在现有技术中,由于各种等级的点的形状的再现绝对基于随机误差扩散的理论,并且受到多位点的动态控制输出机制的影响,难以确保可控性 的一些等级的点的形状。 基于现有技术,引入具有相邻输出灰度级的动态统计算法,以确保点的形状的可控性,并解决由于误差扩散的随机性引起的点形状的随机变化的问题。 根据所公开的方法,可以根据基于双位FM-AM混合筛选的原始方法的点的要求,充分实现多比特成像装置的特征, 反馈。 FM-AM混合半色调筛选的效果可以在低分辨率下实现,具有可控形状的点,可以在混合网点的实际输出期间解决颗粒感觉的问题,以确保灰度的平滑效果。

    Manufacturing Process of a Composite Bamboo Board
    70.
    发明申请
    Manufacturing Process of a Composite Bamboo Board 审中-公开
    复合竹板的制造工艺

    公开(公告)号:US20080277055A1

    公开(公告)日:2008-11-13

    申请号:US11996676

    申请日:2006-09-20

    CPC classification number: B27N3/04 B27N3/08

    Abstract: Manufacturing process of a composite bamboo board, comprising assembling and hot-pressing adhesive-coated bamboo fiber bundles, wherein the said adhesive is a composition comprising of adhesive base material, coupling agent and impregnating wetting agent, the said adhesive base material is one or more selected from a group consisting of urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine, phenolic resin, and water based isocyanate; the said coupling agent is agent which can couple the interfaces of bamboo fiber bundles and the adhesive base material; the impregnating wetting agent is one or more surfactant; and the said hot-pressing includes heating by using high-frequency electromagnetic field with frequency being of 1 KHz or higher and compressing the adhesive-coated bamboo fiber bundles.

    Abstract translation: 一种复合竹板的制造方法,包括组装和热压粘合剂包覆的竹纤维束,其中所述粘合剂是由粘合剂基材,偶联剂和浸渍润湿剂组成的组合物,所述粘合剂基材是一种或多种 选自脲醛树脂,三聚氰胺,酚醛树脂和水基异氰酸酯; 所述偶联剂是可以耦合竹纤维束和粘合剂基材的界面的试剂; 浸渍润湿剂是一种或多种表面活性剂; 并且所述热压包括通过使用频率为1KHz或更高的高频电磁场进行加热并压缩粘合剂涂覆的竹纤维束。

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