摘要:
A first catalyst 21 which stores or releases oxygen according to an air-fuel ratio, and a second catalyst 22 which traps or releases NOx according to the air-fuel ratio, are provided in an exhaust passage 9 of an engine 1. A controller 6 temporarily shifts the air-fuel ratio of the engine 1 to rich when it is determined that the NOx trap catalyst second catalyst 22 is released. At this time, the controller 6 increases a reducing agent supply amount due to the rich shift to be larger, the larger the oxygen amount stored by the two catalysts 21, 22. In this way, the air-fuel ratio in the second catalyst 22 is maintained at a target stoichiometric or rich air-fuel ratio.
摘要:
The exhaust pipe (7) of an engine (1) is provided with a front three-way catalyst (8) and a rear three-way catalyst (9). A controller (6) determines whether temperature rise conditions in the rear three-way catalyst (9) are satisfied. When temperature rise conditions in the rear three-way catalyst (9) are satisfied, the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas flowing into the front three-way catalyst (8) is made to fluctuate periodically to rich or lean about the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, and the amplitude of air-fuel ratio fluctuation is increased. In this way, temperature rise of the front three-way catalyst (8) is suppressed, and the temperature of the rear three-way catalyst (9) rises.
摘要:
The recording sheet has an ink-receiving layer and an ink permeable layer. The ink permeable layer is arranged on a surface of the ink-receiving layer and includes a filler and a binder. The binder contains as a primary component a water-insoluble polyester resin having a high hydroxyl value in the range of 25 to 65. The ink permeable layer 13 has a significant ink phobicity. The ink permeable layer does not contain a surfactant and is low lipophilic. Thus, when it receives ink containing an organic solvent, the ink does not disperse within the ink permeable layer to provide printed images without bleeding.
摘要:
A metal catalyst carrier body includes layers of first and second metal sheets defining passages through which exhaust gases flow. The first metal sheet is corrugated and engaged with the second metal sheet in each of upstream and downstream regions at numeral contact points. In intermediate region between the upstream and downstream regions, the first metal sheet is out of engagement with the second metal sheet.
摘要:
A primary deterioration diagnosis of a front catalyst (8) is performed based on the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas downstream of the front catalyst (8) detected in a first period each time the first period elapses when the engine (1) is running in a diagnosis region. A secondary deterioration diagnosis of the front catalyst (8) is performed based on the air-fuel ratio of the exhaust gas downstream of the front catalyst (8) detected in a second period longer than the first period each time the second period elapses when the engine (1) is running in the diagnosis region. When SOx discharge control is performed, primary diagnosis and secondary diagnosis are prohibited, and if it is determined in the primary diagnosis that the front catalyst (8) has deteriorated, SOx discharge control is prohibited to provide an opportunity for secondary diagnosis. In this way, the deterioration diagnosis of the front catalyst (8) can be precisely performed even if there are few opportunities for diagnosis due to lean air-fuel ratio running or SOx discharge control.
摘要:
A joint torque detection system having a plurality of post-like members disposed around an axis of a joint which connects two links. The plurality of post-like members deform or twist when a torque is imparted to one of the links. An electric motor is fixed at one of the links and the motor rotation is reduced by a harmonic-drive speed reducer fixed at the other of the links. The plurality of post-like members are annularly disposed around the joint axis such that they embrace the speed reducer. A gap sensor (displacement detector) is fixed to the second link, close to the speed reducer between the output of the speed reducer and the second link in such a manner that the sensor generates a signal indicative of relative displacement of the speed reducer output (connected to the one of the links) and the second link. With this arrangement, the system can be incorporated in a small link mechanism such as a robot finger link mechanism, with excellent detection accuracy and an elongated service life.
摘要:
The present invention provides a thermal transfer recording medium, which can transfer images to any type of substrates to generate prints with sufficient oil resistance even when they are used immediately after print operation. The thermal transfer recording medium of the present invention comprises a release layer and an ink layer in that order formed on a substrate, wherein said ink layer contains at least a colorant (A), a curing agent (B) and a bonding resin (C). Said ink layer is cured on said substrate by heating, for example. Said ink layer contains an isocyanate compound (b) and a vinyl chloride resin (c) capable of reacting with said isocyanate compound.
摘要:
An apparatus for facilitating securing a component to a stationary bracket, including a mount recess formed in the component, a mount hole formed in the bracket, a sleeve fixed to the mount recess through an elastic bushing, a bolt extending through the mount hole and engaged in the sleeve, a projection positioned on the sleeve, and a guide provided on the bracket. The projection and the guide cooperate to align a threaded bore of the sleeve with the mount hole of the bracket when the component is mounted to the bracket.
摘要:
An asynchronous reading circuit improves reliability of data read from a binary counter. Count data generated by a binary counter 101 according to a counting clock is converted into a gray code by a gray encoder. The count data represented by the gray code is sampled by a sampling circuit according to a timing signal asynchronous with the counting clock. The sampled count data is decoded into binary count data by a gray decoder.
摘要:
A mobile communication system is capable of establishing mutual synchronization of radio communication channels among a plurality of radio base stations. A synchronization timing control center is included in a wired telephone network as a terminal equipment of the wired telephone network. Each radio base station in the mobile communication network makes a connection to the synchronization timing control center by way of a mobile switching center, for establishing frame synchronization. Each radio base station measures a value of transmission delay between the radio base station and the synchronization timing control center, and then receives a frame signal as a reference signal from the synchronization timing control center. The formal frame signal to be used by each radio base station is reproduced by compensating the received frame signal by the transmission delay value which varies for each radio base station. Once the frame signal has been established, the signal is held by the clock timing of the network synchronization circuit in each radio base station.