公开(公告)号：US5530452A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-25

申请号：US363289

申请日：1994-12-22

申请人： Hanoch Yokev ,  Haim Harel

发明人： Hanoch Yokev ,  Haim Harel

IPC分类号： G01S1/00 ,  G01S5/02 ,  G01S19/03 ,  H04B7/26 ,  G01S3/02

CPC分类号： H04B7/2693 ,  G01S3/48 ,  G01S5/021 ,  G01S5/0289 ,  H01Q21/28 ,  H01Q3/2635 ,  H04B7/2681

摘要： Position determining apparatus including at least one base transmitter/receiver (BTR) station including a base transmitter which periodically transmits timing signals and a plurality of mobile transmitter/receivers (MTR). Each MTR includes a mobile receiver operative to receive timing signals transmitted by at least one base transmitter; synchronization circuitry receiving the timing signals and providing a spread-spectrum frequency-hopping sequence characteristic of the particular MTR; and a mobile transmitter producing a radiated frequency hopped signal responsive to the frequency-hopping sequence and the timing signal.

摘要翻译： 位置确定装置包括至少一个基站发射机/接收机（BTR）站，所述基站发射机/接收机（BTR）站包括定期发送定时信号的基站发射机和多个移动发射机/接收机（MTR）。 每个MTR包括可操作以接收由至少一个基站发射机发送的定时信号的移动接收机; 接收定时信号并提供特定MTR的扩频跳频序列特征的同步电路; 以及响应于跳频序列和定时信号产生辐射跳频信号的移动发射机。

公开(公告)号：US5499266A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-12

申请号：US362794

申请日：1994-12-22

申请人： Hanoch Yokev ,  Haim Harel ,  Yehouda Meiman

发明人： Hanoch Yokev ,  Haim Harel ,  Yehouda Meiman

IPC分类号： G01S1/02 ,  G01S3/02 ,  G01S3/04 ,  G01S3/10 ,  G01S5/00 ,  G01S5/02 ,  G01S5/04 ,  G01S19/25 ,  G01S19/27 ,  H04B1/713 ,  H04B1/7156 ,  H04B7/26 ,  H04W64/00 ,  H04W84/02 ,  H04W88/02

CPC分类号： H04W64/00 ,  G01S1/026 ,  G01S3/023 ,  G01S3/043 ,  G01S3/10 ,  G01S5/0009 ,  G01S5/021 ,  G01S5/04 ,  H04B1/713 ,  H04B1/7156 ,  H04B7/2681 ,  H04B7/2693 ,  H04L5/0053 ,  H04W84/025 ,  H04L5/0007 ,  H04L5/0062 ,  H04L5/0091 ,  H04W88/022

摘要： An acknowledgement paging system is described which fits within the existing infrastructure of a paging network and which provides low cost manufacture and low power operation while still enabling the acknowledgement paging over long distances. The acknowledgement paging system consists of a standard paging transmitter and a plurality of remote paging units which respond to a page using frequency-hopped spread-spectrum differential bi-phase shift keying communications. The plurality of pagers are assigned to groups with each group being assigned a separate starting location in a common, repeating pseudo-random noise code which determines the frequency hops. The grouping of pagers minimizes the collisions of acknowledgment transmissions between groups and the enables a large number of paging units to operate within a single geographic area. The pagers include a special double loop PLL synthesizer to produce an accurate narrow band frequency and to change or hop frequencies in a rapid fashion. The base receiving unit employs special algorithms for retrieving very low power acknowledgement paging messages in a noisy environment by using data redundancy, data interleaving, soft decoding and error correction codes to strip the bi-phase-modulated, frequency-hopped spread-spectrum digital data transmitted from the remote pocket pagers. A history of the frequency and phase drift is used during reception of the acknowledgement messages to predict the phase and frequency drift of the encoded digital information to further reduce decoding error. Signal to noise ratios are determined for each frequency hop and relatively noisy hops are discarded or minimized in a soft decoding process based redundancy of data bits.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种确认寻呼系统，其适合于寻呼网络的现有基础设施，并且在远距离执行确认寻呼的同时提供低成本的制造和低功率操作。 确认寻呼系统由标准寻呼发射机和使用跳频扩频差分双相移键控通信响应寻呼的多个远程寻呼单元组成。 多个寻呼机被分配给组，其中每个组被分配在确定跳频的公共重复伪随机噪声码中的单独的起始位置。 寻呼机的分组使组之间的确认传输的冲突最小化，并且使得大量寻呼单元能够在单个地理区域内操作。 寻呼机包括一个特殊的双回路PLL合成器，以产生精确的窄带频率，并以快速方式改变或跳频。 基站接收单元采用特殊算法，通过使用数据冗余，数据交织，软解码和纠错码来消除双相调制的跳频扩频数字数据，在噪声环境中检索极低功率的确认寻呼消息 从远程口袋传呼机传输。 在接收确认消息期间使用频率和相位漂移的历史来预测编码的数字信息的相位和频率漂移以进一步减少解码错误。 针对每个跳频确定信噪比，并且在基于软解码过程的数据比特冗余中丢弃或最小化相对噪声的跳。

公开(公告)号：US08351882B2

公开(公告)日：2013-01-08

申请号：US12278994

申请日：2006-11-02

申请人： Haim Harel ,  Yair Karmi

发明人： Haim Harel ,  Yair Karmi

IPC分类号： H01Q11/12

CPC分类号： H04B1/0483 ,  H03F3/24 ,  H03F3/72 ,  H03F2203/7215 ,  H03F2203/7221

摘要： A transmit amplifier stage operable to amplify a transmit signal comprises power amplifiers and switches. The power amplifiers include at least one fractional power amplifier operable to provide fractional power to amplify the transmit signal, where the fractional power is a fraction of the full power. A switch has a plurality of positions, where a position directs the transmit signal to a selected power amplifier.

摘要翻译： 用于放大发射信号的发射放大器级包括功率放大器和开关。 功率放大器包括至少一个小数功率放大器，其可操作以提供分数功率来放大发射信号，其中分数功率是全功率的一部分。 开关具有多个位置，其中位置将发送信号引导到所选择的功率放大器。

公开(公告)号：US07965987B2

公开(公告)日：2011-06-21

申请号：US11268260

申请日：2005-11-03

申请人： Haim Harel ,  Yair Karmi

发明人： Haim Harel ,  Yair Karmi

IPC分类号： H04B1/00 ,  H04B7/00

CPC分类号： H04B1/0483 ,  H03F3/24 ,  H03F3/72 ,  H03F2203/7215 ,  H03F2203/7221

摘要： A transmit amplifier stage operable to amplify a transmit signal comprises power amplifiers and switches. The power amplifiers include at least one full power amplifier operable to provide full power to amplify the transmit signal and at least one fractional power amplifier operable to provide fractional power to amplify the transmit signal, where the fractional power is a fraction of the full power. A switch has a plurality of positions, where a position directs the transmit signal to a selected power amplifier.

摘要翻译： 用于放大发射信号的发射放大器级包括功率放大器和开关。 功率放大器包括至少一个全功率放大器，其可操作以提供全部功率来放大发射信号，以及至少一个小数功率放大器，其可操作以提供分数功率来放大发射信号，其中分数功率是全功率的一部分。 开关具有多个位置，其中位置将发送信号引导到所选择的功率放大器。

公开(公告)号：US07430430B2

公开(公告)日：2008-09-30

申请号：US10737012

申请日：2003-12-16

申请人： Yingxue Li ,  William Reinisch ,  Haim Harel

发明人： Yingxue Li ,  William Reinisch ,  Haim Harel

IPC分类号： H04B7/005

CPC分类号： H04W52/26 ,  H04B7/0613 ,  H04B7/0857 ,  H04B17/309 ,  H04W52/143 ,  H04W52/146 ,  H04W52/241 ,  H04W52/247 ,  H04W52/34

摘要： Adjusting a signal includes receiving signals and quality indicators at an adjuster. The quality indicators include as least one of a power control group boundary signal, a power control group index, a PN code per active finger, a reverse power control bit per active finger, an energy per chip over noise power spectral density ratio per active finger, channel estimates I/Q per active finger, an energy per bit over noise power spectral density, a transmit AGC signal, a total receive power, and any combination of the preceding. A signal adjustment is calculated according to the quality indicators, and the signals are adjusted according to the signal adjustment to yield adjusted signals.

摘要翻译： 调整信号包括调节器处的接收信号和质量指示器。 质量指标包括功率控制组边界信号，功率控制组索引，每个活动手指的PN码，每个活动手指的反向功率控制位，每个有效手指的每芯片超过噪声功率谱密度比的能量中的至少一个 ，每个活动手指的信道估计I / Q，每比特超过噪声功率谱密度的能量，发射AGC信号，总接收功率以及前述的任何组合。 根据质量指标计算信号调整，根据信号调整信号进行调整，以产生调整后的信号。

公开(公告)号：US20070160116A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-12

申请号：US11711630

申请日：2007-02-28

申请人： Haim Harel ,  Yingxue Li ,  Alexander Segalovitz

发明人： Haim Harel ,  Yingxue Li ,  Alexander Segalovitz

IPC分类号： H04B1/00 ,  H04L1/02

CPC分类号： H04W52/221 ,  H04B7/0623 ,  H04B7/0632 ,  H04W52/16 ,  H04W52/34 ,  H04W52/42

摘要： Communication is performed for a first communication device having a set of antenna elements. A quality-indication signal is received from a second communication device (e.g., a basestation). A complex weighting is calculated based on the quality-indication signal. A pre-transmission signal is modified based on the complex weighting to produce a set of modified-pre-transmission signals. Each modified pre-transmission signal from the set of modified-pre-transmission signals is uniquely associated with an antenna element from the set of antenna elements. The set of modified-pre-transmission signals is sent from the set of antenna elements to produce a transmitted signal. The complex weighting is associated with a total power of the transmitted power and at least one from a phase rotation and a power ratio associated with each antenna element from the set of antenna elements. For example, in CDMA based systems, a fast feedback from the basestation—the power control indication—can be used by a subscriber communication device for this transmission diversity method in such a way that provides the desired signal quality at the basestation, without necessarily responding to fading nulls by mobile unit power output increase, but rather, by manipulating the weights of the mobile transmitter antenna array. Thus, a significant reduction in average and peak mobile power level is achieved, enhancing network capacity, battery life, and radiation hazards.

摘要翻译： 对具有一组天线元件的第一通信设备执行通信。 从第二通信设备（例如，基站）接收质量指示信号。 基于质量指示信号计算复数加权。 基于复加权来修改预传输信号以产生一组经修改的预传输信号。 来自修改后的预传输信号的每个经修改的预发射信号与天线元件集合中的天线元件唯一地相关联。 经修改的预传输信号的集合从天线元件组发送以产生发射信号。 复加权与发射功率的总功率以及与来自该组天线元件的每个天线元件相关联的相位旋转和功率比中的至少一个相关联。 例如，在基于CDMA的系统中，来自基站的快速反馈（功率控制指示）可以由用户通信设备用于该传输分集方法，以便在基站提供期望的信号质量，而不必响应 通过移动单元功率输出增加而衰落零点，而是通过操纵移动发射机天线阵列的权重。 因此，实现平均和峰值移动功率水平的显着降低，增强网络容量，电池寿命和辐射危害。

公开(公告)号：US20050130597A1

公开(公告)日：2005-06-16

申请号：US10737012

申请日：2003-12-16

申请人： Yingxue Li ,  William Reinisch ,  Haim Harel

发明人： Yingxue Li ,  William Reinisch ,  Haim Harel

IPC分类号： H04B7/005 ,  H04B7/06 ,  H04B7/08 ,  H04B17/00 ,  H03C1/62 ,  H03C7/02 ,  H04B1/02 ,  H04B7/02

CPC分类号： H04W52/26 ,  H04B7/0613 ,  H04B7/0857 ,  H04B17/309 ,  H04W52/143 ,  H04W52/146 ,  H04W52/241 ,  H04W52/247 ,  H04W52/34

摘要： Adjusting a signal includes receiving signals and quality indicators at an adjuster. The quality indicators include as least one of a power control group boundary signal, a power control group index, a PN code per active finger, a reverse power control bit per active finger, an energy per chip over noise power spectral density ratio per active finger, channel estimates I/Q per active finger, an energy per bit over noise power spectral density, a transmit AGC signal, a total receive power, and any combination of the preceding. A signal adjustment is calculated according to the quality indicators, and the signals are adjusted according to the signal adjustment to yield adjusted signals.

摘要翻译： 调整信号包括调节器处的接收信号和质量指示器。 质量指标包括功率控制组边界信号，功率控制组索引，每个活动手指的PN码，每个活动手指的反向功率控制位，每个有效手指的每芯片超过噪声功率谱密度比的能量中的至少一个 ，每个活动手指的信道估计I / Q，每比特超过噪声功率谱密度的能量，发射AGC信号，总接收功率以及前述的任何组合。 根据质量指标计算信号调整，根据信号调整信号进行调整，以产生调整后的信号。

公开(公告)号：US5956621A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-21

申请号：US861458

申请日：1997-05-22

申请人： Anthony J. Weiss ,  Yair Karmi ,  Ilan Zorman ,  Haim Harel

发明人： Anthony J. Weiss ,  Yair Karmi ,  Ilan Zorman ,  Haim Harel

IPC分类号： H04W52/02 ,  H04W88/02 ,  H04G7/20

CPC分类号： H04W52/0216 ,  H04W88/022 ,  Y02B60/50

摘要： A pager protocol that permits individual pagers to operate in an inactive mode when not being addressed to save power but nonetheless also accommodates high capacity transmission schemes that require non-continuous illumination of sectors occupied by individual pagers. Capabilities of a conventional omnidirectional paging protocol such as one of the FLEX.TM. family may be exploited to facilitate operation in the context of non-continous illumination. A pager transmitter transmits a simulcast transmission where all pagers in all sectors receive the same message. This message includes schedule information about future transmissions to individual pagers. Pagers then plan their switching between the active and inactive states in accordance with the schedule which takes into account a timetable for illuminating sectors.

摘要翻译： 寻呼机协议允许单个寻呼机在不被寻址以节省功率的情况下以非活动模式操作，但是还适应需要对各个寻呼机占据的扇区进行非连续照明的高容量传输方案。 可以利用传统的全向寻呼协议（例如FLEX TM系列之一）的能力来促进在非连续照明的上下文中的操作。 寻呼机发射机发送同时传播，其中所有扇区中的所有寻呼机都接收相同的消息。 该消息包括关于将来传输到各个寻呼机的时间表信息。 寻呼机然后根据考虑到照明部门的时间表的时间表来计划在主动和非活动状态之间的切换。

公开(公告)号：US5953639A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-14

申请号：US861455

申请日：1997-05-22

申请人： Anthony J. Weiss ,  Yair Karmi ,  Ilan Zorman ,  Haim Harel

发明人： Anthony J. Weiss ,  Yair Karmi ,  Ilan Zorman ,  Haim Harel

IPC分类号： H04W84/02 ,  H04Q7/06

CPC分类号： H04W84/022

摘要： In the context of a multi-channel paging system, a method and system for assigning a transmission time and a transmission channel to a pager message responsive to the location of the target of the pager message. This facilitates operation of a multi-pager system wherein different pagers are reachable on different channels and/or at different times depending on the location of the pager. Such a system greatly increases capacity over a conventional omnidirectional system.

摘要翻译： 在多频道寻呼系统的上下文中，响应于寻呼机消息的目标的位置，向传呼机消息分配传输时间和传输信道的方法和系统。 这有助于多寻呼机系统的操作，其中根据寻呼机的位置，不同的寻呼机可在不同的信道上和/或不同的时间到达。 这样的系统比常规的全向系统大大增加容量。

公开(公告)号：US5583517A

公开(公告)日：1996-12-10

申请号：US329523

申请日：1994-10-26

申请人： Hanoch Yokev ,  Haim Harel ,  Yehouda Meiman ,  Shimon Peleg

发明人： Hanoch Yokev ,  Haim Harel ,  Yehouda Meiman ,  Shimon Peleg

IPC分类号： G01S1/02 ,  G01S3/02 ,  G01S3/04 ,  G01S3/10 ,  G01S5/00 ,  G01S5/02 ,  G01S5/04 ,  G01S19/25 ,  G01S19/27 ,  H04B1/713 ,  H04B1/7156 ,  H04B7/26 ,  H04W64/00 ,  H04W84/02 ,  H04W88/02

CPC分类号： H04W64/00 ,  G01S1/026 ,  G01S3/023 ,  G01S3/043 ,  G01S3/10 ,  G01S5/0009 ,  G01S5/021 ,  G01S5/04 ,  H04B1/713 ,  H04B1/7156 ,  H04B7/2681 ,  H04B7/2693 ,  H04L5/0053 ,  H04W84/025 ,  H04L5/0007 ,  H04L5/0062 ,  H04L5/0091 ,  H04W88/022

摘要： A multi-path resistant frequency-hopped spread spectrum mobile vehicle or personal location system is described which provides low cost manufacture and low power operation while still enabling the accurate location of the mobile unit over long distances and in moderate to severe multi-path conditions. The frequency-hopped spread spectrum mobile vehicle or personal location system consists of a central station, a plurality of base stations and a plurality of mobile transmitters which transmit using a frequency-hopped spread-spectrum differential bi-phase shift keying communication signal. Frequency Shift Keying modulation may also be used. Each of the plurality of base stations include an array of receiving dipole antennas and employs special algorithms for retrieving very low power frequency-hopped spread spectrum signals in a noisy and multi-path environment. The base stations use computational algorithms for determining the phase difference between each of receiving dipole antennas to determine the direction of the transmitter relative to the location of the respective base station. The multiple direction of arrival angles of the received signal at each base station are corrected based on an n-dimensional ambiguity space to locate most probable angles of arrival. The ambiguity space plot is used to eliminate erroneous comparisons of dissimilar phases of the incoming signal. The most probable values are then tracked over multiple frequency hops and a histogram analysis of the strongest surviving angles of arrival is performed. The two peaks of the histogram are used as the two most probable directions of arrival. Each base station then communicates the two relative directions of the transmitter to a central station where the location of the transmitter is determined by triangulation. The direction of arrival angles from the multiple base stations are summed in a least mean square approach to find a single direction of arrival which is then plotted on a gnomonic projection to correct for the curvature of the earth.