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61.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07133134B2
公开(公告)日：2006-11-07
申请号：US10357275
申请日：2003-01-31
IPC分类号： G01N21/59
CPC分类号： G01J11/00 , G01N21/636
摘要： A method measures a physical function, such as a second-order optical nonlinearity profile, or a temporal waveform of a laser pulse. The method includes forming a symmetric composite function by superimposing the physical function with a substantially identical physical function. The method further includes obtaining a Fourier transform of the symmetric composite function. The method further includes calculating an inverse Fourier transform of the obtained Fourier transform. The calculated inverse Fourier transform provides information regarding the physical function.
摘要翻译： 一种方法测量诸如二阶光学非线性轮廓或激光脉冲的时间波形的物理功能。 该方法包括通过将物理功能与基本相同的物理功能叠加来形成对称复合函数。 该方法还包括获得对称复合函数的傅里叶变换。 该方法还包括计算所获得的傅里叶变换的傅立叶逆变换。 计算的傅里叶逆变换提供有关物理功能的信息。
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62.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07064889B2
公开(公告)日：2006-06-20
申请号：US10441152
申请日：2003-05-19
CPC分类号： G02B6/03638 , G02B6/02071 , G02B6/02095 , G02B6/0281 , G02B6/2852 , G02B6/4214 , H01S3/06708 , H01S3/06729 , H01S3/0675 , H01S3/094003 , H01S3/094007 , H01S3/094019 , H01S5/2036
摘要： Long-period fiber gratings are placed in a predetermined pattern along a double-clad optical fiber having an outer cladding, an inner cladding and a core. The core is doped with an optically active material such as, for example, a rare earth ion or other laser ion. The long-period fiber gratings couple light between a mode of the inner cladding and a mode of the core. As a consequence of increased coupling into the core resulting from the use of long-period fiber gratings, the length of double-clad optical fiber needed to transfer light between the inner cladding and the core is reduced.
摘要翻译： 长周期光纤光栅沿着具有外包层，内包层和芯的双包层光纤放置成预定图案。 该核被掺杂有光学活性材料，例如稀土离子或其它激光离子。 长周期光纤光栅在内包层的模式和芯的模式之间耦合光。 由于使用长周期光纤光栅而增加耦合到芯体的结果，减少了在内包层和芯之间传输光所需的双包层光纤的长度。
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63.发明授权Method of amplifying optical signals using doped materials with extremely broad bandwidths 有权使用具有极宽带宽的掺杂材料放大光信号的方法公开(公告)号：US06972896B2
公开(公告)日：2005-12-06
申请号：US10885262
申请日：2004-07-06
CPC分类号： H01S3/06754 , H01S3/06766 , H01S3/0677 , H01S3/094011 , H01S3/094096 , H01S3/1608 , H01S3/1643
摘要： In a method of amplifying optical input signals over a wide bandwidth, the optical input signals are applied to an optical waveguide made from a rare-earth-doped amorphous material (e.g., erbium-doped Bi4Ge3O12 material). The optical input signals include optical signals having wavelengths over a range of approximately 125. Pump light is applied to the optical waveguide to cause the waveguide to provide optical gain to the optical input signals. The optical gain causes the optical signals to be amplified within the waveguide to provide amplified optical signals over the approximately 125-nanometer range, including, in particular, optical signals having wavelengths at one end of the range and optical signals having wavelengths at a second end or the range.
摘要翻译： 在宽带宽放大光输入信号的方法中，光输入信号被施加到由稀土掺杂的非晶材料制成的光波导（例如，掺杂铒的Bi 4 Ge SUB> 3 12 材料）。 光输入信号包括具有大约125°范围内的波长的光信号。泵浦光被施加到光波导以使波导对光输入信号提供光增益。 光学增益使得光信号在波导内被放大，以在大约125纳米范围内提供放大的光信号，特别是包括在该范围的一端具有波长的光信号，以及在第二端具有波长的光信号 或范围。
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公开(公告)号：US06429965B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-06
申请号：US09429049
申请日：1999-10-29
IPC分类号： H01S300
CPC分类号： H01S3/06795 , H01S3/06754 , H01S3/094042 , H01S3/09415
摘要： The instability of the mean wavelength of a superfluorescent fiber source (SFS) is reduced by randomizing the polarization of light from a pump source or by using polarization maintaining components. In one embodiment, the polarization of a pump source is made more random, leading to greater stability of the mean wavelength of the SFS, with an output mean wavelength that is stable to better than 3 ppm for full rotation of the pump polarization state. In another embodiment, the polarization of optical radiation throughout the device is kept substantially constant by using polarization maintaining fiber and components, thereby leading to enhanced mean wavelength stability of the SFS.
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公开(公告)号：US6097486A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-01
申请号：US253446
申请日：1999-02-19
CPC分类号： G01D5/35383
摘要： A fiber optic acoustic sensor array is based upon a Sagnac interferometer rather than being based upon Mach-Zehnder interferometers as in known acoustic sensor arrays. The fiber optic acoustic sensor array is used to detect acoustic waves in water. By basing the sensor array on the Sagnac interferometer rather than on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, the sensor array has a stable bias point, has reduced phase noise, has a larger dynamic range, and allows a broadband signal source to be used rather than requiring a more expensive narrowline laser. A large number of acoustic sensors can be multiplexed into the architecture of the Sagnac interferometer.
摘要翻译： 光纤声学传感器阵列基于Sagnac干涉仪，而不是像已知的声学传感器阵列中的基于马赫 - 曾德尔干涉仪。 光纤声学传感器阵列用于检测水中的声波。 通过将传感器阵列基于Sagnac干涉仪而不是Mach-Zehnder干涉仪，传感器阵列具有稳定的偏置点，具有降低的相位噪声，具有较大的动态范围，并且允许使用宽带信号源而不是要求 一个更昂贵的窄线激光。 大量的声传感器可以复用到Sagnac干涉仪的架构中。
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66.发明授权Time domain multiplexed amplified sensor arrays with improved signal to noise ratios 有权具有改善的信噪比的时域多路复用放大传感器阵列
公开(公告)号：US6040571A
公开(公告)日：2000-03-21
申请号：US237716
申请日：1999-01-26
CPC分类号： H04B10/2939 , G01D5/35383 , G01H9/004
摘要： The present invention significantly improves the signal to noise ratio (SNR) in a passive optical array by adding erbium-doped optical amplifiers between the sensor couplings to offset the coupler splitting losses. Optical amplifiers are inserted between the sensor couplings along the signal path, and the gain of the amplifiers is designed to offset losses due to the previous coupling. The overall SNR can be maintained without significant degradation even for large numbers of sensors. In a first aspect of the present invention, the amplifiers are located along the distribution and return buses directly after the couplers, except possibly for the last sensor. In a second aspect of the present invention, the amplifiers are located directly before the couplers. The optical amplifiers preferably are made of short lengths of erbium-doped fiber spliced into the distribution and return buses. Improvements can be made to the SNR when the distribution bus coupling ratios are set at optimal values. The value of the optimal coupling ratio depends upon the amplifier configuration, the excess loss and other configuration parameters. In alternative embodiments, sensors are grouped into parallel configurations along the distribution and return buses to increase the number of sensors without a corresponding increase in the number of amplifiers and with an improvement in system performance to a certain point.
摘要翻译： 本发明通过在传感器耦合之间添加掺铒光放大器来显着提高无源光学阵列中的信噪比（SNR），以抵消耦合器分离损耗。 光放大器被插入到沿着信号路径的传感器耦合之间，并且放大器的增益被设计成抵消由于先前的耦合引起的损耗。 即使对于大量的传感器也可以保持整体SNR而没有显着的降低。 在本发明的第一方面中，除了最后一个传感器之外，放大器沿着分配和返回总线直接位于耦合器之后。 在本发明的第二方面中，放大器直接位于耦合器之前。 光放大器优选地由拼接到分配和返回总线中的短长度的掺铒光纤制成。 当分配总线耦合比被设置为最佳值时，可以对SNR进行改进。 最佳耦合比的值取决于放大器配置，过剩损耗和其他配置参数。 在替代实施例中，传感器沿着分配和返回总线被分组成并行配置，以增加传感器的数量，而不会相应地增加放大器的数量，并且将系统性能提高到某一点。
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公开(公告)号：US5185749A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-09
申请号：US897603
申请日：1992-06-10
CPC分类号： G01C19/721 , G01B9/0209 , H01S3/06795 , G01B2290/70
摘要： There is disclosed a new superfluorescent source comprising a long fiber doped with a lasing material presenting three-level transitions, such as Erbium. Due to the ground state signal absorption present in three-level systems, the source of the present invention can achieve backward signal quantum efficiencies well in excess of the limit of 0.5 exhibited by four-level systems. The source can be used in a Sagnac interferometer which may comprise an optical isolator because of possible high feedback.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种新的超荧光源，其包括掺杂有呈现三级跃迁的激光材料的长纤维，例如铒。 由于三电平系统中存在基态信号吸收，本发明的源可以实现超过四电平系统显示的极限值0.5的反向信号量子效率。 源可以用在Sagnac干涉仪中，由于可能的高反馈，Sagnac干涉仪可能包括光隔离器。
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公开(公告)号：US5177562A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-05
申请号：US880290
申请日：1992-05-04
CPC分类号： G01B9/0209 , G01C19/721 , H01S3/06795 , G01B2290/70
摘要： The present invention discloses a thermally stable rare-earth doped fiber source comprising an active medium such as Erbium or Neodymium. The thermal stability of the mean wavelength of such a source is determined by three contributions as expressed by the following differential equation: ##EQU1## The first term is the intrinsic temperature dependence of the active medium, the second term is the pump power dependence and the third term is a contribution that arises from the dependence of the emission wavelength on the pump wavelength. The method of the present invention minimizes the temperature dependence on the mean wavelength by using the above equation and optimizing the values of the pump power and the pump wavelength so that the three contributions in the governing equation cancel each other.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种包含铒或钕等活性介质的热稳定性稀土掺杂光纤源。 这种源的平均波长的热稳定性由以下微分方程表示的三个贡献确定：第一项是活性介质的固有温度依赖性，第二项是 泵浦功率依赖性，第三项是由发射波长对泵浦波长的依赖性引起的贡献。 本发明的方法通过使用上述方程使对平均波长的温度依赖性最小化，并优化泵功率和泵浦波长的值，使得控制方程中的三个贡献相互抵消。
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公开(公告)号：US4859016A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US137870
申请日：1987-12-22
IPC分类号： H01S3/067 , H01S3/0933 , H01S3/094 , H04B10/17 , H04J14/02
CPC分类号： H04B10/2912 , H01S3/0933 , H01S3/094003 , H04B10/291 , H04J14/02 , H01S3/06787 , H01S3/094011
摘要： An amplifier for use with fiber optic systems comprises a neodymium YAG crystal placed in series with a signal-carrying optical fiber. The ND:YAG crystal is supplied by the optical fiber with both the signal to be amplified, and pumping illumination. The pumping illumination is coupled onto the optical fiber by a multiplexing coupler which is used to combine the signal to be amplified and illumination from a pumping illumination source onto a single optical fiber. The pumping illumination inverts the neodymium ions within the ND:YAG crystal. The signal to be amplified propagates through this crystal to stimulate emission of coherent light from the neodymium ions, resulting in amplification of the signal. Because this arrangement permits the ND:YAG crystal to be end-pumped with pumping illumination, and because the length of the ND:YAG crystal may be substantially greater that the absorption length for the crystal at the wavelength of the pumping illumination, virtually all of the pumping illumination may be absorbed within the ND:YAG crystal and used for amplification of the signal carried by the optical fiber.
摘要翻译： 用于光纤系统的放大器包括与信号承载光纤串联放置的钕YAG晶体。 ND：YAG晶体由光纤提供，同时具有要放大的信号和泵浦照明。 泵浦照明通过复用耦合器耦合到光纤上，复用耦合器用于将待放大的信号和来自泵浦照明源的照明组合到单个光纤上。 泵浦照明反转ND：YAG晶体内的钕离子。 要放大的信号通过该晶体传播，以刺激来自钕离子的相干光的发射，导致信号的放大。 因为这种布置允许ND：YAG晶体在泵浦照明下被端泵浦，并且因为ND：YAG晶体的长度可能显着大于泵浦照明波长处的晶体的吸收长度，实际上全部 泵浦照明可以在ND：YAG晶体内被吸收，并用于放大由光纤承载的信号。
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公开(公告)号：US4674830A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-23
申请号：US554888
申请日：1983-11-25
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02B6/28 , G02F1/17 , G02F1/313 , G02F1/35 , H01S3/06 , H01S3/067 , H01S3/07 , H01S3/091 , H01S3/0933 , H01S3/094 , H01S3/10 , H01S3/23 , H03F3/08 , H03F3/18 , H04B10/17 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H04B10/2912 , H01S3/094003 , H04B10/291 , H01S3/06787 , H01S3/094011
摘要： An amplifier for use with fiber optic systems comprises a neodymium YAG crystal placed in series with a signal-carrying optical fiber. The ND:YAG crystal is supplied by the optical fiber with both the signal to be amplified, and pumping illumination. The pumping illumination is coupled onto the optical fiber by a multiplexing coupler which is used to combine the signal to be amplified and illumination from a pumping illumination source onto a single optical fiber. The pumping illumination inverts the neodymium ions within the ND:YAG crystal. The signal to be amplified propagates through this crystal to stimulate emission of coherent light from the neodymium ions, resulting in amplification of the signal. Because this arrangement permits the ND:YAG crystal to be end-pumped with pumping illumination, and because the length of the ND:YAG crystal may be substantially greater than the absorption length for the crystal at the wavelength of the pumping illumination, virtually all of the pumping illumination may be absorbed within the ND:YAG crystal and used for amplification of the signal carried by the optical fiber.
摘要翻译： 用于光纤系统的放大器包括与信号承载光纤串联放置的钕YAG晶体。 ND：YAG晶体由光纤提供，同时具有要放大的信号和泵浦照明。 泵浦照明通过复用耦合器耦合到光纤上，复用耦合器用于将待放大的信号和来自泵浦照明源的照明组合到单个光纤上。 泵浦照明反转ND：YAG晶体内的钕离子。 要放大的信号通过该晶体传播，以刺激来自钕离子的相干光的发射，导致信号的放大。 因为这种布置允许ND：YAG晶体在泵浦照明下被端泵浦，并且由于ND：YAG晶体的长度可能显着大于在泵浦照明的波长处的晶体的吸收长度，所以实际上所有 泵浦照明可以在ND：YAG晶体内被吸收，并用于放大由光纤承载的信号。
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