摘要:
An inexpensive semiconductor device in which an insulated gate bipolar transistor and a terminal, capable of drawing out a limited current or voltage from a collector of the insulated gate bipolar transistor, are mounted on a semiconductor substrate, and a semiconductor circuit using the same. The semiconductor device comprising an insulated gate bipolar transistor having a gate formed through a gate insulator on an n-type semiconductor layer formed on a p-type semiconductor substrate, and a thyristor, the thyrister comprising a p-type region where a p-type impurity diffuses over a part of the n-type semiconductor layer, an n-type region where an n-type impurity diffuses over a part of the p-type region, an emitter electrode formed contiguously to the n-type region, a base electrode formed contiguously to the p-type region, and a collector electrode which is used in common with the insulated gate bipolar transistor.
摘要:
An ion current detection device of an internal combustion engine includes a detection voltage generation device which applies a voltage to an ignition plug to generate an ion current in a cylinder of the engine. A current to voltage conversion circuit detects and converts the generated ion current to a voltage signal. A bandpass filter extracts an ac component within a specified frequency range from the voltage signal produced by the current to voltage conversion circuit. An ion current threshold detection portion produces an ion current detection signal when the detected ion current exceeds a predetermined threshold current. A filter characteristic control circuit controls the characteristic of the bandpass filter to suppress the sensitivity of the filter for a predetermined period of time right after the ion current detection signal is detected and, after the predetermined period of time, increase the sensitivity of the filter for detection of the ac signal with the specific frequency.
摘要:
A counting circuit including destructive memory elements detection circuits for detecting whether the memory elements are broken, and control circuits for controlling the supply of a break current to the memory elements in a plurality of stages. A current feed circuit supplies the break current for breaking the memory elements in the counting circuit every time a to-be-counted write pulse is input. The control circuit in each stage of the counting circuit supplies the break current from the current feed circuit to the memory element of the stage based on a detection result of the detection circuit only when the memory element of the stage is unbroken while the memory element of a stage preceding the memory element is broken. The control circuit of the first stage supplies the break current to the memory element of the first stage when the memory element of the first stage is unbroken.
摘要:
To correctly sense combusting conditions of an internal combustion engine, an ion current caused by combustion is detected. A combusting condition detecting apparatus for an internal combustion engine comprises a bias voltage generating circuit for applying a bias voltage to an ignition plug provided in a cylinder of the internal combustion engine; an ion current-to-voltage converting circuit for converting an ion current produced in response to the bias voltage into a voltage corresponding to the ion current; a filter circuit for reducing or removing a pulsatory signal upon reception of the voltage signal outputted from the ion current-to-voltage converting circuit; a sensing period setting circuit for defining a predetermined combusting condition sensing period based upon a filter signal outputted from the filter circuit; and an AC component detecting circuit for detecting an AC (alternating current) component in a specific frequency region during the sensing period from the voltage signal derived from the ion current-to-voltage converting circuit.
摘要:
A cadmium/inert gas discharge lamp of the short arc type, which suppresses an unnecessary emission upstream and downstream of the necessary emission spectra in a wavelength range of 210 to 230 nm, achieves a high efficiency of the emission spectra in the range 210 to 230 nm and can be used in very satisfactory manner for industrial applications. Also, a highly efficient projection exposure device through the incorporation of a cadmium/rare gas discharge lamp of the short arc type having good emission spectrum characteristics in the wavelength range 210 to 230 nm, which can transmit in projecting manner fine image patterns with a large depth of focus. The cadmium/rare gas discharge lamp of the short arc type is arranged within a temperature-regulated quartz bulb, and is provided with a pair of adjacently facing electrodes, together with inert gas selected from xenon, krypton, argon, neon or mixtures of them. Metal cadmium with a pressure of 14 to 200 kPa is encapsulated in the tube in a stationary lighting operation. The lamp is operated in such a way that J/P, i.e. the ratio between a discharge current in a stationary lighting operation J (A) and a cadmium pressure in a stationary lighting operation P (kPa) is in a range 0.13 to 15. Also, a projection exposure device, which has the above-described discharge lamp and a power supply for carrying out the lighting operation of the discharge lamp under the above-described condtions.
摘要:
A method for quantitative analysis of low molecular weight components which are contained in a protein-containing liquid sample originating from body fluids and are capable of binding to said protein, characterized by incorporating into the liquid sample a compound having the formula (I):X--(Y).sub.p --SO.sub.3 M (I)in which M is hydrogen ion, an alkali metal ion, or ammonium ion; X is a straight or branched alkyl, alkenyl, fluorinated alkyl, or fluorinated alkenyl group containing at least 6 carbon atoms, Y is a divilent organic residue; and p is 0 r 1. The compound represented by formula (I) liberates thyroid hormone from bound protein to facilitate analysis.
摘要:
A dry type multilayer analysis element for assaying a concentration of a specific component utilizing a competitive immunological reaction comprises a detection element comprising a detection layer which receives a labelled complex formed as a result of the competitive immunological reaction or an optically detectable change formed dependent upon an amount of the labelled complex of the specific component and having further provided thereon the detection layer a reaction layer comprising a fibrous porous medium containing fine particles therein. The multilayer analysis element absorbs an amount of a sample solution necessary for the competitive immunological reaction so that the multilayer analysis element has high sensitivity and high reproducibility.
摘要:
A method for the simultaneous immunochemical assay of trace components in a sample involving competitively reacting the antigens or antibodies in a sample and labeled antigens or labeled antibodies for limited binding sites. The labels are spectral sensitizing dyes. The reaction products are contacted with silver halide and exposed to light having wavelengths corresponding to the absorption spectra of the spectral sensitizing dyes.