公开(公告)号：US07593510B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-22

申请号：US12255956

申请日：2008-10-22

Applicant: Peter J. Rothschild

Inventor： Peter J. Rothschild

IPC: G21K1/04

CPC classification number: G21K1/04 ,  G21K1/043

Abstract: An inspection system based on penetrating radiation in which the field of view of a scan may be varied. First and second primary limiting apertures are provided for interposition between a source of penetrating radiation and an inspected object. This allows for significantly increasing the flux of penetrating radiation on this narrowed region of interest, thereby advantageously improving detectability. The relative position of the source with respect to either the first or the second aperture may be varied, in a direction either along, or transverse to, a normal to the aperture.

Abstract translation: 基于穿透辐射的检查系统，其中扫描视野可以改变。 第一和第二主要限制孔被提供用于插入穿透辐射源和检查对象之间。 这允许显着增加在该狭窄的感兴趣区域上的穿透辐射的通量，从而有利地提高了可检测性。 源相对于第一孔或第二孔的相对位置可以沿着孔的法线沿着或横向于孔的法线的方向变化。

公开(公告)号：US07551718B2

公开(公告)日：2009-06-23

申请号：US11843185

申请日：2007-08-22

Applicant: Peter J. Rothschild

Inventor： Peter J. Rothschild

IPC: G01N23/201

CPC classification number: G01N23/20 ,  G01V5/0025

Abstract: Methods for characterizing an inspected object on the basis of attenuation determined from pair-wise illuminated voxels. A beam of penetrating radiation characterized by a propagation direction and an energy distribution is scanned across an object, while scatter detectors with collimated fields-of-view detect radiation scattered by each voxel of the inspected object that is intercepted by the incident beam of penetrating radiation. By calculating the attenuation of penetrating radiation between pairs of voxels of incidence of the incident beam, a tomographic image is obtained characterizing the three-dimensional distribution of attenuation in the object of one or more energies of penetrating radiation, and thus of various material characteristics.

Abstract translation: 基于从成对照明体素确定的衰减来表征被检查物体的方法。 具有传播方向和能量分布特征的穿透辐射束横跨物体扫描，而具有准直视场的散射检测器检测被被检测物体的每个体素散射的辐射，其被穿透辐射入射束拦截 。 通过计算入射光束的入射体素对之间的穿透辐射的衰减，获得表征穿透辐射的一个或多个能量的物体中的衰减的三维分布，从而具有各种材料特性的断层图像。

公开(公告)号：US20090116617A1

公开(公告)日：2009-05-07

申请号：US12272056

申请日：2008-11-17

Applicant: Richard Mastronardi ,  Dean Fleury ,  Jeffrey R. Schubert ,  Joseph DiMare ,  Richard Schueller ,  Alexander Chalmers

Inventor： Richard Mastronardi ,  Dean Fleury ,  Jeffrey R. Schubert ,  Joseph DiMare ,  Richard Schueller ,  Alexander Chalmers

IPC: G01N23/203 ,  G01N23/201

CPC classification number: G01V5/0008 ,  G01N23/20083 ,  G01N23/201 ,  G01N23/203 ,  G01V5/0016 ,  G01V5/0025

Abstract: An apparatus and method for inspecting personnel or their effects. A first and second carriage each carries a source for producing a beam of penetrating radiation incident on a subject. A positioner provides for synchronized relative motion of each carriage vis-à-vis the subject in a direction having a vertical component. A detector receives radiation produced by at least one of the sources after the radiation interacts with the subject.

Abstract translation: 用于检查人员或其影响的装置和方法。 第一和第二托架每个都带有用于产生入射在被摄体上的穿透辐射束的源。 定位器提供每个托架相对于被摄体在具有垂直分量的方向上的同步相对运动。 在辐射与受试者相互作用之后，检测器接收由至少一个源产生的辐射。

公开(公告)号：US20090103686A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-23

申请号：US12255956

申请日：2008-10-22

Applicant: Peter J. Rothschild

Inventor： Peter J. Rothschild

IPC: G21K1/04

CPC classification number: G21K1/04 ,  G21K1/043

Abstract: An inspection system based on penetrating radiation in which the field of view of a scan may be varied. First and second primary limiting apertures are provided for interposition between a source of penetrating radiation and an inspected object. This allows for significantly increasing the flux of penetrating radiation on this narrowed region of interest, thereby advantageously improving detectability. The relative position of the source with respect to either the first or the second aperture may be varied, in a direction either along, or transverse to, a normal to the aperture.

Abstract translation: 基于穿透辐射的检查系统，其中扫描视野可以改变。 第一和第二主要限制孔被提供用于插入穿透辐射源和检查对象之间。 这允许显着增加在该狭窄的感兴趣区域上的穿透辐射的通量，从而有利地提高了可检测性。 源相对于第一孔或第二孔的相对位置可以沿着孔的法线沿着或横向于孔的法线的方向变化。

公开(公告)号：US20080211431A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-04

申请号：US12057991

申请日：2008-03-28

Applicant: Andrey V. Mishin ,  Aleksandr Y. Saverskiy

Inventor： Andrey V. Mishin ,  Aleksandr Y. Saverskiy

IPC: H05H9/00

CPC classification number: H05H7/12 ,  H05H9/00

Abstract: A method and apparatus for modulating at least one of energy and current of an electron beam in a linac for fast switching of particle beam energy on a time scale comparable with, and shorter than, the interval between linac pulses. Such modulation may be achieved by dividing, in a coupler, a radio-frequency (RF) field into field components and coherently adding these components in a phase shifting section to selectively direct the RF field to a chosen section of the linac. The phase shifting section may include at least one arm containing at least one fast switch and at least one phase changer. In specific embodiments, the phase shifting section may include an electronically controlled plasma switch and a plasma short.

Abstract translation: 一种用于调制直线加速器中的电子束的能量和电流中的至少一个的方法和装置，用于在与直线加速器脉冲之间的间隔相当并且短于时间尺度上的粒子束能量的快速切换。 这样的调制可以通过将耦合器中的射频（RF）场分成场分量并相干地将这些分量相加在相移部分中来选择性地将射频场指向直线加速器的选定部分来实现。 相移部分可以包括至少一个臂，其包含至少一个快速开关和至少一个相变器。 在具体实施例中，相移部分可以包括电子等离子体开关和等离子体短路。

公开(公告)号：US07099434B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-29

申请号：US10442687

申请日：2003-05-21

Applicant: William Adams ,  Alex Chalmers ,  Lee Grodzins ,  Louis W. Perich ,  Peter Rothschild

Inventor： William Adams ,  Alex Chalmers ,  Lee Grodzins ,  Louis W. Perich ,  Peter Rothschild

IPC: G01N23/04

CPC classification number: G01V5/0025 ,  G01T3/06 ,  G01V5/0066 ,  G01V5/0075

Abstract: An inspection system based upon an enclosed conveyance such as a van, capable of road travel, for inspecting objects of inspection that may include persons. The conveyance is characterized by an enclosing body, or skin. A source of penetrating radiation and a spatial modulator for forming the penetrating radiation into a beam, both contained entirely within the body of the enclosed conveyance, irradiate an object with a time-variable scanning profile. A detector module generates a scatter signal based on penetrating radiation scattered by contents of the object, while a proximity sensor generates a relative motion signal based on a relative disposition of the conveyance and the inspected object. An image is formed of the contents of the object based in part on the scatter signal and the relative motion signal. A detector, which may be separate or part of the scatter detector module, may exhibit sensitivity to decay products of radioactive material.

Abstract translation: 基于可以包括人员的检查对象的，能够进行道路行驶的诸如厢式货车的封闭式运输工具的检查系统。 输送带的特征在于包围的身体或皮肤。 穿透辐射源和用于将穿透辐射形成横梁的空间调制器，两者都完全包含在封闭输送体的主体内，用时间可变的扫描轮廓照射物体。 检测器模块基于由物体的内容物散射的穿透辐射而产生散射信号，而接近传感器基于输送和检查对象的相对布置产生相对运动信号。 部分地基于散射信号和相对运动信号，由对象的内容形成图像。 可以是分离或散射检测器模块的一部分的检测器可能对放射性物质的衰变产物具有敏感性。

公开(公告)号：US20020097836A1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-25

申请号：US10101671

申请日：2002-03-20

Applicant: American Science And Engineering, Inc.

Inventor： Lee Grodzins

IPC: G01N023/04

CPC classification number: G01V5/0016 ,  G01N23/20 ,  G21K1/025 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/30

Abstract: An apparatus and method for generating electronically steerable beams of sequential penetrating radiation. Charged particles from a source are formed into a beam and accelerated to a target. Electromagnetic radiation generated by the target is emitted with an angular distribution which is a function of the target thickness and the energy of the particles. A beam of particles is produced by allowing the radiation to exit from an apparatus through a collimator proximal to the target. The direction of the beam is determined by the point of radiation production and the corresponding array of transmission regions of the collimator.

Abstract translation: 一种用于产生顺序穿透辐射的电子可操纵束的装置和方法。 来自源的带电粒子形成束并加速到靶。 由靶产生的电磁辐射以角度分布发射，角分布是目标厚度和粒子能量的函数。 通过允许辐射通过靠近靶的准直器离开设备来产生粒子束。 光束的方向由辐射产生点和准直器的相应的透射区域阵列决定。

公开(公告)号：US6151381A

公开(公告)日：2000-11-21

申请号：US238686

申请日：1999-01-27

Applicant: Lee Grodzins ,  Roderick D. Swift

Inventor： Lee Grodzins ,  Roderick D. Swift

IPC: G01N23/04 ,  G01V5/00

CPC classification number: G01V5/0016 ,  G01N23/04 ,  G01V5/0025 ,  G01V5/0041

Abstract: An inspection system for inspecting an enclosure and its contents using temporally gated sources of penetrating radiation. A first source produces an intermittent first beam having a duration of inactivity while a second sources produces a second beam, which may have an energy spectrum differing from that of the first beam, during the inactivity of the first beam. One detector generates a transmission signal based on penetrating radiation transmitted through the enclosure while a scatter detector generates a scatter signal based on penetrating radiation scattered by the contents of the enclosure. The scatter detector may be gated for non-detection during the pulsing of the transmission beam. A processor derives properties of the contents of the enclosure on the basis of the transmission signal and the scatter signal.

Abstract translation: 一种检查系统，用于使用时间选通的穿透辐射源检查外壳及其内容物。 第一源产生具有不活动持续时间的间歇性第一波束，而在第一波束不活动期间，第二源产生可能具有与第一波束不同的能谱的第二波束。 一个检测器基于穿过外壳的穿透辐射产生传输信号，而散射检测器基于由外壳的内容物散射的穿透辐射产生散射信号。 在发射波束的脉冲期间，散射检测器可被门控用于非检测。 处理器基于传输信号和散射信号导出机箱内容的属性。

公开(公告)号：US5022062A

公开(公告)日：1991-06-04

申请号：US406333

申请日：1989-09-13

Applicant: Martin Annis

Inventor： Martin Annis

IPC: G01N23/203 ,  G01V5/00

CPC classification number: G01V5/0016 ,  G01N23/203 ,  G01V5/0025

Abstract: Automatic thread detection in association with imaging with relies on a backscatter detector and illumination by a flying spot source of penetrating radiation. The digital backscatter image is processed to produce a histogram. The histogram is compared to a predetermined threat characteristic and an alarm is sounded if the histogram exceeds the threat characteristic. The threat characteristic is derived in an empirical fashion and automatically modified based on sensing selected parameters associated with the scanning. Operator control over the threat characteristic is also implemented. The flying spot source is also associated with a transmit detector to produce a transmit image. The transmit image is also processed against predetermined parameters for threat assessment. The predetermined parameters are also operator variable.

Abstract translation: 与依赖于后向散射检测器的成像相关联的自动线程检测和通过穿透辐射的飞点源的照明。 处理数字反向散射图像以产生直方图。 将直方图与预定的威胁特征进行比较，如果直方图超过威胁特性，则会发出警报。 威胁特征是以经验的方式得出的，并且基于感测与扫描有关的所选参数自动修改。 操作员对威胁特征的控制也得到实施。 飞点源还与发射检测器相关联以产生发射图像。 传送图像也是针对威胁评估的预定参数进行处理的。 预定参数也是运算符变量。

公开(公告)号：US4691332A

公开(公告)日：1987-09-01

申请号：US589443

申请日：1984-03-14

Applicant: Paul Burstein ,  Allen Krieger ,  Martin Annis ,  Richard C. Chase

Inventor： Paul Burstein ,  Allen Krieger ,  Martin Annis ,  Richard C. Chase

IPC: G01N23/04 ,  G01N3/02

CPC classification number: G01N23/04

Abstract: Computerized axial tomography is employed with respect to large relatively dense objects such as a solid fuel rocket engine. High energy X-rays, such as a 15 MeV source is used. To develop clean images, a collimator is employed with a relatively minute acceptance angle. Acceptance angles on the order to 1.degree., and in a preferred embodiment 7 minutes of a degree, are used. In a preferred embodiment, the collimator may be located between the object and the detector, although in other embodiments, a pre-collimator may also be used, that is between the X-ray source and the object being illuminated.

Abstract translation: 对于大型较密集的物体（如固体燃料火箭发动机）采用计算机轴向层析成像。 使用高能X射线，例如15MeV源。 为了开发清洁的图像，采用具有相对较小的接受角度的准直仪。 使用顺序为1°的接受角度，在优选实施例中为7分钟的接受角度。 在优选实施例中，准直器可以位于物体和检测器之间，尽管在其它实施例中，也可以使用预准直器，即在X射线源和被照射物体之间。