摘要:
Oscillations due to backward waves in a high-power traveling-wave tube (TWT) are inhibited by a non-reciprocal attenuating device which essentially absorbs only backward waves. A directional coupler mediates the exchange of energy between the TWT interaction circuit and an external circuit containing a non-reciprocal loss element such as a ferrite isolator. In such embodiments the high-frequency power handled by the isolator is much less than the power in the TWT interaction circuit. The frequency band handled by the isolator is much narrower than that handled by the TWT. Coupling to the loss element is through one or more resonant circuit elements such that a "notch" of attenuation is obtained for a backward wave only, at a certain frequency where oscillations are prone, such as the frequency associated with 2.pi. phase shift per cavity in a coalesced-mode coupled-cavity TWT.
摘要:
A broadband isolator design wherein the amount of insertion loss may be traded for bandwidth and possibly reduced circuit complexity. The isolator may employ two windings or conductors with the neutralizing element connected across the input-output terminals, or may have a third winding placed to bisect the angle between the other windings and the neutralizing element coupled across this third winding. The angle between the windings and the isolator interconnection determine the specific bandwidth and insertion loss.
摘要:
A novel microwave power divider is disclosed that is a combination of an ort junction circulator and a novel isolator-mismatch device for each circulator port other than one input port and divides microwave signal power incident to the input port into any desired ratio among the output ports and isolates all the ports from microwave power reflected back toward the divider after being propagated through the divider and thus prevents interaction among line devices, e.g. amplifier units, that are fed by the output ports. Also a novel microwave power combiner is disclosed that is a combination of an N-port junction circulator and a novel isolator-reflector device for each port other than one output port to combine at the one output port identical microwave signals or microwave signals that differ in frequency or phase incident to the isolator-reflector devices. The microwave power combiner, like the microwave power divider, provides isolation among the signal transmission lines. Also a novel solid-state microwave power amplifier is disclosed that includes the novel power divider, a solid-state power amplifier unit for each power fraction from the outputs of the divider and the novel power combiner for the amplified outputs of the power divider.
摘要:
An edge-guided mode microstrip device having a pair of input ports and a mon output port, with two separate ferrite substrates each having a microstrip conductor electrically connected between a respective input port and the common output port. Both microstrip conductors additionally each have a conductive or inner edge spanned by a resistive film which acts as a resistive load. The other or outside conductive edge of each of the conductors includes an exponentially tapered segment which when a predetermined biasing magnetic field is applied transversely relative to the field of the substrates, causes input microwave energy at the two input ports to travel along the respective exponentially tapered edges and combine at the common output port. Any reflective energy returning from the output port will travel along the inner edges and be absorbed in the resistive load.
摘要:
An isolator includes a casing. An interior of the casing includes a positioning ring, a lower permanent magnet, a lower uniform magnetic sheet, a lower ferrite, a central conductor, an upper ferrite, a six-foot uniform magnetic sheet, an upper permanent magnet, a temperature compensation sheet and an upper uniform magnetic sheet in sequence from bottom to top. A cover plate is connected to the top of the casing. The central conductor comprises three central junctions forming an angle of 120 degrees with each other, and each having a longitudinal slit along a center line thereof, and first and second transverse slits respectively intersecting with the longitudinal slit, the second transverse slit being located outside of the first transverse slit. A method is disclosed for implementing the isolator, which increases internal magnetic field intensity, reduces third-order inter-modulation, and improves signal quality.
摘要:
Disclosed are embodiments of microstrip and substrate integrated waveguide circulators/isolators which can be integrated with a substrate. This composite structure can serve as a platform for other components, allowing for improved miniaturization of components. Embodiments of the disclosure can be particular advantageous in the high frequency ranges, such as above 1.8 GHz or above 3 GHz, which allows devices to be used in the 5G space.
摘要:
Disclosed are embodiments of synthetic garnet materials for use in radiofrequency applications. In some embodiments, increased amounts of gadolinium can be added into specific sites in the crystal structure of the synthetic garnet by incorporating indium, a trivalent element. By including both indium and increased amounts of gadolinium, the dielectric constant can be improved. Thus, embodiments of the disclosed material can be advantageous in both above and below resonance applications, such as for isolators and circulators.
摘要:
A method of fabricating a portion of magnetically controlled signal distribution device includes receiving a substrate and screen printing a low-k dielectric spacer over an upper surface of the surface from a low-k dielectric paste. The method also includes firing the substrate after the spacer has been screen printed thereon, forming an adhesive layer on top of the spacer and securing a magnet to a top of the adhesive layer.