公开(公告)号：US20170053602A1

公开(公告)日：2017-02-23

申请号：US14986148

申请日：2015-12-31

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Shih Chang Chang ,  Cheng Chen ,  Chin-Wei Lin ,  Donghee Nam ,  Meng-Huan Ho ,  Minhyuk Choi ,  Rui Liu

IPC: G09G3/34 ,  G02F1/13363 ,  G09G3/3275

CPC classification number: A61K31/513 ,  G09G3/3208 ,  G09G3/3648 ,  G09G2300/023 ,  G09G2300/0426 ,  G09G2320/066

Abstract: Systems and electronic displays with improved contrast even under bright-light conditions are provided. Such an electronic display may include a self-emissive pixel (e.g., OLED or μ-LED) with a corresponding liquid crystal switchable retarder pixel. A liquid crystal layer of the switchable retarder pixel may be tuned to an “on” state or an “off” state. In the “on” state, the switchable retarder pixel may allow outside light that enters the pixel to reflect back out of the pixel. This may add to the amount of light that appears to be emitted from that pixel. In the “off” state, the switchable retarder pixel may block the outside light that enters the pixel from reflecting back out of the pixel. This may reduce the amount of light that appears to be emitted from that pixel. Selectively controlling the switchable retarder pixels may allow for increased contrast even under bright-light conditions.

Abstract translation: 提供了即使在明亮的条件下也能提供对比度的系统和电子显示器。 这样的电子显示器可以包括具有相应的液晶可切换延迟器像素的自发射像素（例如，OLED或μ-LED）。 可切换延迟器像素的液晶层可以被调谐到“接通”状态或“断开”状态。 在“开”状态下，可切换延迟器像素可以允许进入像素的外部光反射回像素。 这可能增加似乎从该像素发射的光量。 在“关闭”状态下，可切换延迟器像素可以阻挡进入像素的外部光线从像素反射回来。 这可能减少似乎从该像素发射的光量。 选择性地控制可切换延迟器像素可以允许即使在明亮的条件下也增加对比度。

公开(公告)号：US09472605B2

公开(公告)日：2016-10-18

申请号：US14543088

申请日：2014-11-17

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chin-Wei Lin ,  Jae Won Choi ,  MinKyu Kim ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Tsung-Ting Tsai ,  Vasudha Gupta ,  Young Bae Park

IPC: H01L27/32

CPC classification number: H01L27/3265 ,  H01L27/3248 ,  H01L27/3258 ,  H01L27/3262 ,  H01L27/3272 ,  H01L27/3276

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode display may have an array of pixels. Each pixel may have an organic light-emitting diode with an anode and cathode. The anodes may be formed from a patterned layer of metal. Thin-film transistor circuitry in the pixels may include transistors such as drive transistors and switching transistors. Data lines may supply data signals to the pixels and horizontal control lines may supply control signals to the gates of the transistors. A switching transistor may be coupled between a voltage initialization line and each anode. The voltage initialization lines and capacitor structures in the thin-film transistor circuitry may be formed using a layer of metal that is different than the layer of metal that forms the anodes.

Abstract translation: 有机发光二极管显示器可以具有像素阵列。 每个像素可以具有带阳极和阴极的有机发光二极管。 阳极可以由图案化的金属层形成。 像素中的薄膜晶体管电路可以包括诸如驱动晶体管和开关晶体管的晶体管。 数据线可以向像素提供数据信号，并且水平控制线可以向晶体管的栅极提供控制信号。 开关晶体管可以耦合在电压初始化线和每个阳极之间。 可以使用与形成阳极的金属层不同的金属层来形成薄膜晶体管电路中的电压初始化线和电容器结构。

公开(公告)号：US20160254338A1

公开(公告)日：2016-09-01

申请号：US15150285

申请日：2016-05-09

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chin-Wei Lin ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Ching-Sang Chuang

IPC: H01L27/32

CPC classification number: H01L27/3272 ,  H01L23/552 ,  H01L27/1218 ,  H01L27/3262 ,  H01L27/3276 ,  H01L29/78603 ,  H01L29/78606 ,  H01L29/78633 ,  H01L29/78666 ,  H01L29/78675 ,  H01L29/7869 ,  H01L2924/0002 ,  H01L2924/00

Abstract: A display may have an array of organic light-emitting diode display pixels. Each display pixel may have a light-emitting diode that emits light under control of a drive transistor. Each display pixel may also have control transistors for compensating and programming operations. The array of display pixels may have rows and columns. Row lines may be used to apply row control signals to rows of the display pixels. Column lines (data lines) may be used to apply display data and other signals to respective columns of display pixels. A bottom conductive shielding structure may be formed below each drive transistor. The bottom conductive shielding structure may serve to shield the drive transistor from any electric field generated from the adjacent row and column lines. The bottom conductive shielding structure may be electrically floating or coupled to a power supply line.

公开(公告)号：US20160247456A1

公开(公告)日：2016-08-25

申请号：US14988594

申请日：2016-01-05

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Hung Sheng Lin ,  Chin-Wei Lin ,  Tsung-Ting Tsai ,  Sang Y. Youn ,  Hyunwoo Nho

IPC: G09G3/3266 ,  G11C19/00

CPC classification number: G09G3/3266 ,  G09G3/2022 ,  G09G3/2092 ,  G09G2300/0408 ,  G09G2310/0286 ,  G11C19/00

Abstract: This application sets forth a circuit configuration for a light emitting diode (LED) or organic light emitting diode (OLED) display. The circuit configuration allows for the pulse-width modulation (PWM) of each emission signal sent to each line of the display. The PWM of each emission signal is accomplished using a gate-in-panel (GIP) controller of the display. The GIP controller uses an arrangement of shift register outputs and a programmable clock input to control an output of an inverter that provides the emission signal. The programmable clock input can be programmed according to a desired timing or duty cycle for the emission signal. In this way, by limiting the duty cycle of the emission signal, dimming and other display features can be exhibited by the LED or OLED display.

Abstract translation: 该应用阐述了用于发光二极管（LED）或有机发光二极管（OLED）显示器的电路配置。 电路配置允许发送到显示器的每一行的每个发射信号的脉冲宽度调制（PWM）。 每个发射信号的PWM通过显示器的面板（GIP）控制器实现。 GIP控制器使用移位寄存器输出和可编程时钟输入的布置来控制提供发射信号的逆变器的输出。 可编程时钟输入可根据发射信号所需的定时或占空比进行编程。 以这种方式，通过限制发射信号的占空比，LED或OLED显示器可以显示调光和其他显示特征。

公开(公告)号：US20160099262A1

公开(公告)日：2016-04-07

申请号：US14504261

申请日：2014-10-01

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chin-Wei Lin ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Vasudha Gupta

IPC: H01L27/12 ,  H01L27/15

CPC classification number: H01L27/1225 ,  G09G3/32 ,  G09G2300/0426 ,  G09G2300/0842 ,  G09G2300/0861 ,  H01L27/1222 ,  H01L27/124 ,  H01L27/156 ,  H01L27/3255

Abstract: An electronic device may include a display. The display may be formed by an array of light-emitting diodes mounted to the surface of a substrate. The light-emitting diodes may be inorganic light-emitting diodes formed from separate crystalline semiconductor structures. An array of pixel control circuits may be used to control light emission from the light-emitting diodes. Each pixel control circuit may be used to supply drive signals to a respective set of the light-emitting diodes. The pixel control circuits may each have a silicon integrated circuit that includes transistors such as emission enable transistors and drive transistors for supplying the drive signals and may each have thin-film semiconducting oxide transistors that are coupled to the integrated circuit and that serve as switching transistors.

Abstract translation: 电子设备可以包括显示器。 显示器可以由安装在基板的表面上的发光二极管的阵列形成。 发光二极管可以是由分离的晶体半导体结构形成的无机发光二极管。 可以使用像素控制电路阵列来控制来自发光二极管的发光。 每个像素控制电路可用于将驱动信号提供给相应的发光二极管组。 像素控制电路可以各自具有硅集成电路，该硅集成电路包括诸如发射使能晶体管和用于提供驱动信号的驱动晶体管的晶体管，并且每个可以具有耦合到集成电路并用作开关晶体管的薄膜半导体氧化物晶体管 。

公开(公告)号：US20150123883A1

公开(公告)日：2015-05-07

申请号：US14071428

申请日：2013-11-04

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chin-Wei Lin ,  Vasudha Gupta ,  Young Bae Park

IPC: G09G3/32

CPC classification number: G09G3/3233 ,  G09G2300/0819 ,  G09G2300/0852 ,  G09G2310/0262 ,  G09G2320/045

Abstract: A display may have an array of organic light-emitting diode display pixels. Each display pixel may have a light-emitting diode that emits light under control of a drive transistor. Each display pixel may also have control transistors for compensating and programming operations. The array of display pixels may have rows and columns. Row lines may be used to apply row control signals to rows of the display pixels. Column lines (data lines) may be used to apply display data and other signals to respective columns of display pixels. Display driver circuitry may simultaneously compensate multiple rows of the display pixels for drive transistor threshold voltage variations by supplying a common reference voltage over the data lines during a common compensation period. The display data may then be loaded into the rows sequentially before simultaneously commencing emission in each of the compensated and programmed rows.

Abstract translation: 显示器可以具有有机发光二极管显示像素阵列。 每个显示像素可以具有在驱动晶体管的控制下发光的发光二极管。 每个显示像素还可以具有用于补偿和编程操作的控制晶体管。 显示像素阵列可能有行和列。 行行可用于将行控制信号应用于显示像素的行。 列线（数据线）可用于将显示数据和其他信号应用于显示像素的相应列。 显示驱动器电路可以在公共补偿周期期间通过在数据线上提供公共参考电压来同时补偿多行显示像素以用于驱动晶体管阈值电压变化。 然后可以在每个补偿和编程的行中同时开始发射之前，依次将显示数据加载到行中。

公开(公告)号：US20250040358A1

公开(公告)日：2025-01-30

申请号：US18917283

申请日：2024-10-16

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chin-Wei Lin ,  Stephen S. Poon ,  Warren S. Rieutort-Louis ,  Cheng-Ho Yu ,  ChoongHo Lee ,  Doh-Hyoung Lee ,  Ting-Kuo Chang ,  Tsung-Ting Tsai ,  Vasudha Gupta ,  Younggu Lee

IPC: H10K59/123 ,  G09G3/00 ,  G09G3/3233 ,  G09G3/3258 ,  G09G3/3291 ,  H10K50/824 ,  H10K59/122 ,  H10K59/131

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode display may have thin-film transistor circuitry formed on a substrate. The display and substrate may have rounded corners. A pixel definition layer may be formed on the thin-film transistor circuitry. Openings in the pixel definition layer may be provided with emissive material overlapping respective anodes for organic light-emitting diodes. A cathode layer may cover the array of pixels. A ground power supply path may be used to distribute a ground voltage to the cathode layer. The ground power supply path may be formed from a metal layer that is shorted to the cathode layer using portions of a metal layer that forms anodes for the diodes, may be formed from a mesh shaped metal pattern, may have L-shaped path segments, may include laser-deposited metal on the cathode layer, and may have other structures that facilitate distribution of the ground power supply.

公开(公告)号：US12205531B2

公开(公告)日：2025-01-21

申请号：US18306690

申请日：2023-04-25

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chin-Wei Lin ,  Hung Sheng Lin ,  Vasudha Gupta ,  Shinya Ono ,  Tsung-Ting Tsai ,  Shyuan Yang

IPC: G09G3/32 ,  G09G3/3233 ,  G09G3/3291

Abstract: An electronic device comprises a display and a controller. The controller is configured to provide a first frequency refresh rate to the display. The controller is also configured to generate a control signal configured to control emission of a light emitting diode of a display pixel of the display at a second frequency based on whether the first frequency refresh rate of the display is less than a predetermined threshold value.

公开(公告)号：US12154515B2

公开(公告)日：2024-11-26

申请号：US17990510

申请日：2022-11-18

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Shinya Ono ,  Chin-Wei Lin ,  Zino Lee ,  Chun-Chieh Lin ,  Chen-Ming Chen

IPC: G09G3/3291 ,  G09G3/3266

Abstract: A display may include an array of pixels. Each pixel in the array includes an organic light-emitting diode coupled to a drive transistor, a data loading transistor, a first capacitor for storing data charge, and a second capacitor. During a data programming phase, the data loading transistor may be activated to load in a data value onto the first capacitor. After the data programming phase, the second capacitor may be configured to receive a lower voltage, which extends a threshold voltage sampling time for the pixel. Configured and operated in this way, the temperature luminance sensitivity of the display can be reduced.

公开(公告)号：US12142220B2

公开(公告)日：2024-11-12

申请号：US18532835

申请日：2023-12-07

Applicant: Apple Inc.

Inventor： Chin-Wei Lin ,  Hung Sheng Lin ,  Shih Chang Chang ,  Shinya Ono

IPC: G09G3/3233 ,  G09G3/3266 ,  G09G3/3275 ,  H01L27/12 ,  H01L29/786

Abstract: A display may have an array of pixels each of which has a light-emitting diode such as an organic light-emitting diode. A drive transistor and an emission transistor may be coupled in series with the light-emitting diode of each pixel between a positive power supply and a ground power supply. The pixels may include first and second switching transistors. A data storage capacitor may be coupled between a gate and source of the drive transistor in each pixel. Signal lines may be provided in columns of pixels to route signals such as data signals, sensed drive currents from the drive transistors, and predetermined voltages between display driver circuitry and the pixels. The switching transistors, emission transistors, and drive transistors may include semiconducting-oxide transistors and silicon transistors and may be n-channel transistors or p-channel transistors.