Abstract:
Described is a method of sanitizing animal carcasses using aqueous streams having an antimicrobial composition added to the stream. Preferably, the antimicrobial composition includes a mixture of one or more carboxylic acids having up to 18 carbon atoms and one or more peroxycarboxylic acids having up to 12 carbon atoms, preferably a mixture of a C2-C4 peroxycarboxylic acid and a C8-C12 peroxycarboxylic acid. Also described is a novel antimicrobial composition adapted for sanitizing animal carcasses containing a mixture of one or more C2-C4 peroxycarboxylic acids and one or more C8-C12 peroxycarboxylic acids and an alpha-hydroxy mono- or dicarboxylic acid.
Abstract:
Forward-looking tone allocation in multipoint-to-point communication using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is provided. In one embodiment, a system comprises: a host unit; a plurality of remote units using a multiple access scheme to communicate at the same time with the host unit using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM); wherein the host unit sends an adjustment signal to at least one of the remote units instructing the at least one remote unit to adjust the timing of transmissions from the remote unit to improve orthogonality of OFDM transmissions received at the host unit from the plurality of remote units; wherein the host unit allocates orthogonal tones within the system to the plurality of remote units; and wherein the host unit switches the tone allocation for at least one remote unit from a first tone to a second tone based at least in part on channel quality information for the second tone.
Abstract:
Systems for contention-based bandwidth requests in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems are provided. In one embodiment, a bidirectional communication system comprises: a multipoint-to-point host; and a plurality of remotes communicatively coupled to the multipoint-to-point host through an OFDM waveform; wherein the multipoint-to-point host is configured to receive the OFDM waveform, the OFDM waveform comprising a plurality of tones transmitted by the plurality of remotes, wherein the plurality of tones are simultaneously received at the host from at least two of the plurality of remotes; wherein a first remote is configured to transmit a request for bandwidth to the host on a first tone of the plurality of tones, wherein access to the first tone is contention based; and wherein the multipoint-to-point host transmits information on at least one tone based on whether the host successfully receives the request for bandwidth from the first remote of the plurality of remotes.
Abstract:
Methods and systems for tone hopping are provided. In one embodiment, a method for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) multipoint-to-point communications system comprises: establishing communication between a first remote unit of a plurality of remote units and a host unit, the plurality of remote units communicatively coupled to the host unit in a multipoint-to-point configuration; transmitting up to a plurality of tones from the first remote unit modulated with upstream information using OFDM; adjusting at least one characteristic of the up to a plurality of tones such that when any tones are transmitted from the first remote unit and at least one other remote unit of the plurality of remote units, the orthogonality of the tones received at the host unit is improved; and dynamically switching modulation between tones of the up to a plurality of tones based on an error-rate history of at least one of the tones.
Abstract:
A bi-directional communication system is provided. The system includes a multipoint-to-point host unit and a plurality of remote units communicatively coupled to the multipoint-to-point host unit through an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform. The multipoint-to-point host unit is configured to receive the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform, the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform comprising a plurality of tones transmitted by the plurality of remote units. The multipoint-to-point host unit is configured to adjust transmissions from at least one of the plurality of remote units based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform so that the plurality of tones transmitted by the plurality of remote units are substantially orthogonal when received at the multipoint-to-point host unit.
Abstract:
A bidirectional communication system is provided. The system includes a first remote unit for communicating with a host unit using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, the host unit communicatively coupled to a plurality of remote units in a multipoint-to-point, multiple access configuration. The first remote unit is configured to transmit up to a plurality of tones, the up to a plurality of tones modulated with upstream information using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. The first remote unit is configured to receive information from the host unit to adjust a carrier power of tones transmitted by the first of remote unit, and to adjust the carrier power based on the received information from the host unit so that the tones are orthogonal when received at the host unit.
Abstract:
A bidirectional communication system is provided. In one embodiment, a system comprises a plurality of remote units; a multipoint-to-point host unit communicatively coupled with a plurality of remote units in a multi-point to point configuration, the multipoint-to-point host unit including a multi-carrier modem configured to communicate with the plurality of remote units via an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing waveform; wherein the multipoint-to-point host unit is configured to estimate a round trip path delay correction associated with at least one of the plurality of remote units; and wherein the multipoint-to-point host unit is configured to adjust the round trip path delay associated with the at least one of the plurality of remote units.
Abstract:
A bidirectional communication system is provided. The system includes a first remote unit for communicating with a host unit using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, the host unit communicatively coupled to a plurality of remote units in a multipoint-to-point configuration. The first remote unit is configured to transmit up to a plurality of tones, the up to a plurality of tones modulated with upstream information using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. The first remote unit is configured to receive information from the host unit to adjust a carrier frequency of tones transmitted by the first remote unit, and is configured to adjust the carrier frequency based on the received information from the host unit.
Abstract:
A system is provided. The system includes a host and a plurality of remote units. Upstream bandwidth capacity is shared among a plurality of remote units in a manner that permits at least two of the remote units to transmit to the host at any one time using the upstream bandwidth capacity. The upstream bandwidth capacity includes a plurality of orthogonal tones generated using inverse fast Fourier transforms. The host causes at least one remote unit to adjust the manner in which symbols are transmitted therefrom on at least one of the plurality of orthogonal tones in order to improve the alignment of symbols received at the host.
Abstract:
A method for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing multipoint-to-point communications system is provided. The method includes establishing communication between a first remote unit of a plurality of remote units and a host unit, the plurality of remote units communicatively coupled to the host unit in a multipoint-to-point configuration, transmitting up to a plurality of tones from the first remote unit, the up to a plurality of tones modulated with upstream information using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, receiving information from the host unit to adjust a carrier frequency of tones transmitted by the first of remote unit, and adjusting the carrier frequency based on the received information from the host unit.