摘要:
A flexible wiring substrate that is used in a liquid ejection head having an element substrate provided with energy generating elements for generating energy for ejecting liquid includes: a bending portion; a base member including resin; electrical wiring lines formed on the base member and electrically connected to the element substrate, the electrical wiring lines extending over a ridge of the bending portion; and a metal layer that is arranged on an area of the base member in which no electrical wiring lines are provided and that is not electrically connected to the element substrate, the metal layer extending over the ridge.
摘要:
A method for forming a ferroelectric spontaneous polarization reversal, including the steps of forming a concave portion on a top face of a ferroelectric substrate or a bottom face of a ferroelectric substrate, and applying an electric field into the substrate, wherein a ferroelectric spontaneous polarization reversal is formed at least in one portion of a region of the substrate with the concave portion, and wherein the shape of the concave portion is configured such that the width of the concave portion gets narrower gradually toward the inside of the substrate. The method may further include the steps of, after the reversal, making into almost a flat-plane the top or bottom face having the concave portion, and then, forming a new concave portion in another region and applying an electric field to form another reversal in one portion of the region of the substrate having the new concave portion.
摘要:
One of an electric wiring substrate and a retaining member includes a section having an absorptance with respect to a laser beam, and the other one of the electric wiring substrate and the retaining member includes a section having a transmittance with respect to the laser beam. The electric wiring substrate and the retaining member are welded to each other by irradiation with a laser beam. At this time, the electric wiring substrate and the retaining member are welded to each other at least at a part of an outer peripheral section of the electric wiring substrate.
摘要:
A light control device with a reduced electric loss is provided which can suppress a phenomenon of electrically reflecting a high-frequency signal even when it employs a dielectric anisotropic substrate. A light control device includes a signal electrode formed on a dielectric anisotropic substrate and ground electrodes disposed with the signal electrode interposed therebetween. Here, the signal electrode includes at least two signal electrode portions disposed in directions in which the dielectric constant of the substrate is different from each other and a curved connecting portion connecting the at least two signal electrode portions. The connecting portion is configured so that the characteristic impedance in parts connected to the at least two signal electrode portions is equal to that of the corresponding signal electrode portion, and the characteristic impedance in the connecting portion between the at least two signal electrode portions continuously varies.
摘要:
An optical waveguide device includes: a substrate having an electro-optical effect; an optical waveguide formed on the substrate; and a control electrode for applying an electric field to the optical waveguide. The optical waveguide device has the following characteristics. A thickness of the substrate is 30 μm or less. The control electrode has a signal electrode and a ground electrode. A low-permittivity layer is formed at least on a surface portion of the signal electrode in contact with the substrate.
摘要:
A nested modulator is provided where the circuit arrangement of modifying electrodes including signal electrodes is simplified, and at the same time, the drive voltage can be lowered.A nested modulator, including: a substrate 20 made of a material having electro-optic effects; an optical waveguide formed on the substrate; and a modulating electrode for modulating light waves which are guided through the optical waveguide, wherein the optical waveguide has a main Mach-Zehnder waveguide 1 and sub-Mach-Zehnder waveguides 2 and 3 provided on two branching waveguides of the main Mach-Zehnder waveguide, and the modulating electrode is provided in a sub-branching waveguide of the sub-Mach-Zehnder waveguides, is characterized in that a polarization reversal region 46 or 47 is formed in a portion of a sub-branching waveguide of each of the sub-Mach-Zehnder waveguides, the modulating electrode is formed of signal electrodes including introduced signal electrodes 40 or 43, branching single electrodes 41 or 44 and lead signal electrodes 42 or 45 as well as ground electrodes for each of sub-Mach-Zehnder waveguides, and the branching signal electrodes which branch from the introduced signal electrode are placed so as to work on two sub-branching waveguides for each of the sub-Mach-Zehnder waveguides.
摘要:
A light control element is provided with a thin board having electro-optical effects; an optical waveguide formed on the thin board; and a control electrode for controlling light that passes through the optical waveguide. The light control element performs speed matching between a microwave signal applied to the control electrode and the light, impedance matching of the microwaves, reduction of a driving voltage and high speed operation. In the control electrode of the light control element, a signal electrode and a grounding electrode are arranged on an upper side of the thin board, and on a lower side of the thin board, a second electrode including the grounding electrode is arranged. The second electrode is arranged not to exist below the signal electrode, especially for achieving impedance matching.
摘要:
In an ink supply system for connecting with an ink container with a hollow communicating tube provided in the ink container, in order to prevent leakage of the ink from the communicating tube and simultaneously to prevent damage of the communicating tube projected from the ink container, the communicating tube 60 is made movable to be projected from the inside of the ink container and to be inserted into a recording head, thus establishing liquid communication between the inside of the ink container and the inside of the recording head.
摘要:
The present invention provides a highly-integrated and compact optical element and further provides an optical element having various functions such as lower driving voltage, chirping suppression and polarization-independency.The optical element comprising a substrate 1 consisting of a material having an electrooptic effect, top optical waveguides 2-1 an 2-2 formed on the top face of said substrate, bottom optical waveguides formed on the bottom face of said substrate, a top modulating electrode for controlling the phase of a light wave being propagated through said top optical waveguide, and a bottom modulating electrode for controlling the phase of a light wave being propagated through said bottom optical waveguide, is characterized in that at least one side edge of said substrate comprises output and input of said optical waveguides formed on said top and bottom faces, and a turnback element is located adjacent to said one side edge to guide the light wave from said output to said input.
摘要:
An ink container includes an ink containing unit having a housing which directly contains ink, an ink guide, a movable member changing the internal volume of the ink containing unit, and a buffer chamber. The buffer chamber allows changing the internal volume of the ink containing unit when the movable member moves, and has an air communicating portion and is defined by a wall structure. A negative pressure controlling mechanism for controlling the negative pressure in the ink containing unit generated when the ink is guided out of the ink containing unit is provided apart from the housing.