公开(公告)号：US4661211A

公开(公告)日：1987-04-28

申请号：US753477

申请日：1985-07-10

申请人： Sandra Petty-Weeks

发明人： Sandra Petty-Weeks

IPC分类号： G01N27/406 ,  C08K3/32 ,  C08L101/00 ,  G01N20060101 ,  G01N27/333 ,  G01N27/40 ,  G01N27/407 ,  G01N27/413 ,  G01N27/416 ,  G01N31/10 ,  G01N27/58

CPC分类号： G01N27/4074

摘要： Apparatus and method for detecting and measuring hydrogen and gaseous compounds capable of dissociating into or combining with hydrogen ions using a solid electrolyte concentration cell. A novel solid electrolyte membrane is used which comprises a three-component blend prepared by admixing an organic polymer or copolymer, such as poly(vinyl alcohol), with an inorganic compound, such as a phosphoric acid, and an organic compound selected from a group of polymers and copolymers having monomer units containing nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur atoms, such as poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), in a mutually miscible solvent. A reference gas or a solid reference substance is used. For increased strength, a membrane may be composited with or attached to a porous support.

公开(公告)号：US4637861A

公开(公告)日：1987-01-20

申请号：US809691

申请日：1985-12-16

申请人： Ulrich J. Krull ,  Michael Thompson

发明人： Ulrich J. Krull ,  Michael Thompson

IPC分类号： G01N27/02 ,  G01N27/12 ,  G01N27/22 ,  G01N27/333 ,  G01N27/40 ,  G01N27/30

CPC分类号： G01N27/40 ,  Y10S435/817 ,  Y10S436/806

摘要： A stabilized, lipid membrane-based device is provided. This device includes a plurality of membrane-forming lipids, and a support for stabilizing the lipid membrane. Each membrane-forming lipid includes a long chain through which the lipid is anchored to a binding site on the support, and another long chain unattached to the support. The support binding sites are spaced apart from one another to provide the lipid membrane with an appropriate molecular packing density.Also provided is a process for determining the concentration of a selected chemical species in an aqueous electrolytic solution, using an electrochemical cell formed from a lipid membrane-based device in accordance with the present invention. This process includes the step of applying across the lipid membrane of the device an electrical potential difference to produce an analytical signal based upon an increase in membrane ion permeability.

摘要翻译： 提供了稳定的，基于脂质膜的装置。 该装置包括多个成膜脂质和用于稳定脂质膜的载体。 每个成膜脂质包括长链，脂质通过该长链锚定到载体上的结合位点，而另一长链不附着于载体。 载体结合位点彼此间隔开，以使脂质膜具有适当的分子堆积密度。 还提供了使用由根据本发明的基于脂质膜的装置形成的电化学电池来确定电解水溶液中所选化学物质的浓度的方法。 该方法包括跨装置的脂质膜施加电势差以产生基于膜离子渗透性增加的分析信号的步骤。

公开(公告)号：US4440175A

公开(公告)日：1984-04-03

申请号：US291737

申请日：1981-08-10

申请人： Ebtisam Wilkins

发明人： Ebtisam Wilkins

IPC分类号： A61B10/00 ,  A61B5/145 ,  A61B5/1473 ,  A61B5/1486 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N27/333 ,  G01N27/40 ,  G01N27/49 ,  G01N33/66 ,  A61B5/00

CPC分类号： G01N33/66 ,  G01N27/3271

摘要： Concentrations of non-ionic species in aqueous media are measured as a function of potentiometric or polarographic response, employing a membrane electrode selective for the non-ionic species being measured. The electrode comprises a conductive substrate and a membrane formed as a layer on the conductive substrate and adapted for interfacing with the aqueous medium. The membrane is composed of a polymeric matrix having dispersed or dissolved therein an anion exchange material and a water-insoluble salt of the non-ionic species being measured. The electrode is particularly suitable for use as an implantable glucose sensor for continuous in vivo monitoring of glucose concentration in the blood or interstitial fluid.

摘要翻译： 测量水性介质中非离子物质的浓度作为电位或极谱响应的函数，使用对所测量的非离子物质选择性的膜电极。 电极包括导电基底和在导电基底上形成为层并适于与水性介质接合的膜。 膜由分散或溶解有阴离子交换材料的聚合物基质和非离子物质的水不溶性盐组成。 电极特别适合用作可植入葡萄糖传感器，用于连续体内监测血液或间质液中的葡萄糖浓度。

公开(公告)号：US4397957A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-09

申请号：US351813

申请日：1982-02-24

申请人： Joseph L. Allison

发明人： Joseph L. Allison

IPC分类号： G01N27/416 ,  G01N31/00 ,  G01N33/18 ,  G01N27/26 ,  G01N27/40 ,  G01N27/56

CPC分类号： G01N33/182 ,  G01N27/4162 ,  G01N31/00 ,  Y10T436/204998 ,  Y10T436/235 ,  Y10T436/25125 ,  Y10T436/25875

摘要： A method for determining the concentration of carbonate salts in solutions containing other inorganic salts. The method includes converting the carbonate salts to carbon dioxide by acidifying the sample, sweeping the acidified solution with an inert gas to strip the carbon dioxide from the solution and contacting an ion-selective gas-sensing electrode with the gas stream. The electrode includes a buffered solution which changes in pH depending on the concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas stream thereby providing a measure of the carbonate salt concentration in the sample.

摘要翻译： 一种确定含有其他无机盐的溶液中碳酸盐浓度的方法。 该方法包括通过酸化样品将碳酸盐转化为二氧化碳，用惰性气体吹扫酸化的溶液，以从溶液中分离出二氧化碳，并使离子选择性气体感测电极与气流接触。 电极包括缓冲溶液，其根据气流中二氧化碳的浓度而改变pH，从而提供样品中碳酸盐浓度的量度。

公开(公告)号：US4379029A

公开(公告)日：1983-04-05

申请号：US301071

申请日：1981-09-10

申请人： Howard L. Yeager

发明人： Howard L. Yeager

IPC分类号： G01N27/28 ,  G01N27/40

CPC分类号： G01N27/28 ,  G01N27/40

摘要： An electrolytic membrane transport cell adaptable to experimental use for the purpose of accurately measuring simultaneously cation transport and water transport numbers (mol/Faraday) under operating conditions similar to those used in commercial chlor-alkali membrane cells. The cell comprises a pair of half cells each containing a truncated conical chamber adapted to matingly fit together, when abutted at their apexes, and to form a cell, said cell being adapted to hold a permselective membrane which is sealingly supported between said half cells so as to create separate anode and cathode sections, electrode means, heating means, stirring means and electrolyte inlet means. When used in conjunction with radioactive tracer techniques considerable improvements in the accuracy and ease with which transport phenomena can be studied are possible.

摘要翻译： 一种适用于实验用途的电解质膜转运池，用于在与商业氯碱膜细胞中使用的操作条件相似的操作条件下同时精确测量阳离子转运和水输送数（mol /法拉第）的目的。 电池包括一对半电池单元，每个半电池单元包含一个截头圆锥形室，适于在其顶点邻接时配合地配合在一起，并形成电池，所述电池适于容纳密封地支撑在所述半电池之间的选择性渗透膜 以形成单独的阳极和阴极部分，电极装置，加热装置，搅拌装置和电解质入口装置。 当与放射性示踪剂技术结合使用时，可以对可以研究传输现象的准确性和容易性进行显着改进。

公开(公告)号：US4333810A

公开(公告)日：1982-06-08

申请号：US139379

申请日：1980-04-11

申请人： Duane K. Wolcott ,  John B. Carraway, Jr.

发明人： Duane K. Wolcott ,  John B. Carraway, Jr.

IPC分类号： G01N27/40 ,  G01N27/403 ,  G01N27/30 ,  G01N27/52

CPC分类号： G01N27/4045 ,  G01N33/0052

摘要： An analyzer for the quantitative determination of a chemical oxidizing or reducing agent in a fluid environment. The analyzer includes a novel type of sensor or detector comprising a first electrode exposed to the fluid environment; a second electrode in contact with a solution of electrolyte; and an ion-exchange membrane to contain the electrolyte solution, and to separate the second electrode from the fluid environment and the first electrode.

摘要翻译： 用于在流体环境中定量测定化学氧化或还原剂的分析仪。 分析仪包括新型的传感器或检测器，其包括暴露于流体环境的第一电极; 与电解质溶液接触的第二电极; 以及离子交换膜以容纳电解质溶液，并且将第二电极与流体环境和第一电极分离。

公开(公告)号：US4324760A

公开(公告)日：1982-04-13

申请号：US249791

申请日：1981-04-01

申请人： Lawrence A. Harris

发明人： Lawrence A. Harris

IPC分类号： G01N27/12 ,  G01N31/06 ,  G01N27/40

CPC分类号： G01N27/12

摘要： A hydrogen detector comprised of a substrate supporting an electrically conducting base metal film, an electrically conducting top film of metal able to dissociate hydrogen into atomic form, a polycrystalline film of titanium dioxide sandwiched between the base and top films, the polycrystalline titanium dioxide film electrically insulating the base film from said top film, the base film being in electrical contact with the titanium dioxide film, an insulating layer electrically insulating said titanium dioxide film from said top film except for a predetermined surface portion thereof in electrical contact with said top film, said predetermined electrically contacting portion being at least sufficiently large to produce a measurable electrical conductance, said top and base films being connected to an external circuit to measure conductance, the electrical conductivity of said hydrogen detector varying with the concentration of hydrogen in the atmosphere surrounding it.

摘要翻译： 一种氢检测器，由支撑导电基底金属膜的基板，能够将氢解离成原子的金属的导电顶膜，夹在基底和顶部膜之间的二氧化钛的多晶膜，多晶二氧化钛膜电 将基膜与所述顶膜绝缘，所述基膜与所述二氧化钛膜电接触;将所述二氧化钛膜与所述顶部膜除了与所述顶部膜电接触的预定表面部分电绝缘的绝缘层， 所述预定的电接触部分至少足够大以产生可测量的电导率，所述顶部和底部膜连接到外部电路以测量电导率，所述氢气检测器的电导率随着其周围大气中的氢气浓度而变化 。

公开(公告)号：US4280970A

公开(公告)日：1981-07-28

申请号：US4828

申请日：1979-01-19

申请人： Robert E. Kesting

发明人： Robert E. Kesting

IPC分类号： B01D67/00 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D71/82 ,  C08G18/40 ,  C08G18/48 ,  C08G18/64 ,  C08G18/80 ,  G01N27/40 ,  B01D39/16 ,  B01D39/18 ,  B29D11/00 ,  G02C7/04

CPC分类号： B01D67/0088 ,  B01D67/0093 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D71/82 ,  C08G18/4009 ,  C08G18/4833 ,  C08G18/6484 ,  C08G18/8064 ,  G01N27/40 ,  B01D2323/38 ,  Y10T428/31507 ,  Y10T428/31949 ,  Y10T428/31978

摘要： Membrane forming polymers are converted to hydrophilic polymeric membranes by (a) grafting a polyoxyethylene chain to a membrane forming polymer structure and thereafter forming a membrane; (b) coating a membrane with a polymer to which a polyoxyethylene chain has been grafted; or (c) grafting in situ a polyoxyethylene chain to a formed membrane polymer.

摘要翻译： 通过（a）将聚氧乙烯链接枝至成膜聚合物结构，然后形成膜，将成膜聚合物转化为亲水性聚合物膜; （b）用已经接枝聚氧乙烯链的聚合物涂覆膜; 或（c）将聚氧乙烯链原位接枝到形成的膜聚合物上。

公开(公告)号：US4251360A

公开(公告)日：1981-02-17

申请号：US53887

申请日：1979-07-02

申请人： David J. Goldie ,  Adel Abbas A. Ismail ,  Peter M. West

发明人： David J. Goldie ,  Adel Abbas A. Ismail ,  Peter M. West

IPC分类号： G01N27/40 ,  G01N33/543 ,  G01N33/78 ,  B01D13/00

CPC分类号： G01N33/78 ,  G01N33/54366 ,  Y10S436/80 ,  Y10S436/804 ,  Y10S436/808 ,  Y10S436/826

摘要： The invention provides a method for detecting and determining one component of the reaction between a specific binding protein, e.g., an antibody, and the corresponding bindable substance, e.g., an antigen, by utilizing the affinity of these components for binding one another, in an automated system utilizing a continuously flowing stream of liquid. The method is carried out by introducing successive mixtures of the sample specimen with a set amount of one component of the reaction in tagged form and another, carrier-bound, component, into the liquid stream so that the individual mixtures remain separate, incubating the mixtures and continuously introducing same into a separating system in which at least a portion of the liquid phase is separated from the solid phase, and measuring the amount of the tagged component in one of the separated phases as a measure of the unknown component to be detected. For instance, an unknown antigen in a serum sample is contacted with a solid carrier bound antibody, the mixture incubated, the antigen now bound to the solid phase antibody, removed from the other mixture components and reacted with an additional marked antibody acting against the antigen, to form a sandwich containing solid-bound antibody/antigen/marked antibody, and then separating the solid phase from the liquid phase containing the remaining free-tagged antibody and determining the tagged antibody in either fraction as a measure of the serum antigen initially present.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种用于通过利用这些成分彼此结合的亲和力来检测和确定特异性结合蛋白（例如抗体）和相应的可结合物质（例如抗原）之间的反应的一种成分的方法， 自动化系统利用连续流动的液体流。 该方法通过将样品样品的连续混合物与设定量的标记形式的一种反应组分和另一种载体结合的组分引入液体流中，使得各个混合物保持分离，将混合物 并将其连续地引入分离系统中，其中液相的至少一部分与固相分离，并测量一个分离相中的标记组分的量作为待检测未知组分的量度。 例如，将血清样品中的未知抗原与固体载体结合的抗体接触，将混合物孵育，现在与固相抗体结合的抗原从其它混合物组分中除去，并与另外标记的抗体作用于抗原 ，以形成含有固体结合抗体/抗原/标记抗体的夹心，然后从含有剩余自由标记抗体的液相中分离固相，并测定任一级分中的标记抗体作为最初存在的血清抗原的量度 。

公开(公告)号：US4198280A

公开(公告)日：1980-04-15

申请号：US970891

申请日：1978-12-19

申请人： Dorian J. Swartz

发明人： Dorian J. Swartz

IPC分类号： G01N27/28 ,  G01N27/40 ,  G01N27/46

CPC分类号： G01N27/40 ,  G01N27/28

摘要： A probe for monitoring gas concentration, such as oxygen, in an anesthesia respiratory therapy circuit which includes an improved membrane support structure. This structure includes an electrode supporting post having a roughened end and also interconnecting grooves and channels to insure electrolyte contact with the electrode. Also, there is a retaining member having an upstanding annular rib which uniformly presses the membrane against the electrode support.

摘要翻译： 用于监测麻醉呼吸治疗电路中的气体浓度（例如氧气）的探针，其包括改进的膜支持结构。 该结构包括具有粗糙化端的电极支撑柱，并且还连接沟槽和通道以确保电极与电极接触。 此外，还有一个保持构件具有直立的环形肋，其将膜均匀地压在电极支撑件上。