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公开(公告)号：US4882736A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-21
申请号：US195514
申请日：1988-05-18
申请人： Helmut Pieper
发明人： Helmut Pieper
IPC分类号： C03B5/00 , C03B3/02 , C03B5/02 , C03B5/027 , C03B5/03 , C03B5/04 , C03B5/182 , C03B5/193 , C03B5/20 , C03B5/225 , C03B5/237
CPC分类号： C03B5/237 , C03B3/02 , C03B3/023 , C03B5/03 , C03B5/031 , C03B5/04 , C03B5/182 , C03B5/193 , C03B5/20 , C03B5/2257 , Y02P40/535
摘要： Raw materials are fed into the charging end of a melting section which is heated by electrodes in the glass bath. The melted charge is then clarified under fossil fuel burners in a clarifying section, where the highest temperature of the furnace is maintained, and homogenized in a homogenizing section from which the clarified melt is drawn. Flue gas from the clarifying section sweeps the surface of the melting section countercurrently to the charge and is then used to heat combustion air. Burners in the clarifying section are operated under air starved conditions to reduce nitrogen oxides, while burners in the melting section are operated with excess air to achieve complete combustion.
摘要翻译： 将原材料送入由玻璃浴中的电极加热的熔化部分的充电端。 然后将熔化的电荷在化石燃料燃烧器中澄清，在澄清部分中，其中保持炉的最高温度，并在从其中抽出澄清的熔体的均匀化部分中均化。 来自澄清部分的烟气将熔化部分的表面与电荷逆流扫过，然后用于加热燃烧空气。 澄清部分中的燃烧器在空气不足的条件下运行以减少氮氧化物，而熔化部分中的燃烧器用过量空气操作以实现完全燃烧。
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公开(公告)号：US4852118A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-25
申请号：US195520
申请日：1988-05-18
申请人： Helmut Pieper
发明人： Helmut Pieper
IPC分类号： C03B5/027
摘要： Disclosed are an energy saving method for melting glass in and a glass melting furnace for the practice of the method.A charge is melted in a melting section, clarified in a clarifying section adjoining the melting section, and then homogenized in an adjoining homogenizing section of increased bath depth and drawn therefrom. The charge is fed in at the beginning of the melting section and energy is supplied underneath the charging end through electrodes. The melting energy input is generated by combustion by fossil fuel burners in the clarifying section. The burner flue gases flow over the melting section countercurrently to the charge and are exhausted close to the charge end. The surface of the melting section is swept by a flow coming from the clarifying section countercurrently to the charge.The invention is also in a glass melting furnace for the practice of this method, in which, for the formation of the hot surface flow as a counterflow to the charge movement, the melting section bottom slopes downwardly from the clarifying section to the charging end. The roof of the furnace between the burner section and the charging section has at least one radiation barrier extending to just above the bath surface.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于熔化玻璃的节能方法和用于实施该方法的玻璃熔炉。 在熔化部分熔化电荷，在与熔化部分相邻的澄清部分中澄清，然后在相邻的浴深度均匀化部分中均质化并从其中拉出。 电荷在熔化部分的开始进料，并且通过电极在充电端的下方供给能量。 熔化能量输入是由澄清部分的化石燃料燃烧器燃烧产生的。 燃烧器烟气在熔化部分上流过电荷并在电荷端附近排出。 熔化部分的表面被来自澄清部分的流动与电荷逆流扫过。 本发明也用于实施这种方法的玻璃熔炉中，其中为了形成与表面电荷相反的热表面流动，熔化部分底部从澄清部分向下倾斜到充电端。 燃烧器部分和充电部分之间的炉顶部具有至少一个延伸到浴表面正上方的辐射屏障。
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公开(公告)号：US4687504A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-18
申请号：US782404
申请日：1985-10-01
申请人： Helmut Pieper , Adolf Knauer , Helmut Sorg
发明人： Helmut Pieper , Adolf Knauer , Helmut Sorg
摘要： A glass melting furnace including a melting tank heated from above by burners and comprising a melting section as well as a refining and homogenizing section provided with electrodes for the supply of electrical energy; a dam which separates the melting section from the refining and homogenizing section and the upper edge of which is disposed below the surface of the (glass) melt bath; and an outlet for the glass disposed in the bottom portion of the refining and homogenizing section; wherein the bottom of the refining and homogenizing section is in a position deeper than the bottom of the melting section, and the electrodes are arranged in one or more planes (levels) of the refining section, the glass melting furnace being configured such that on the side of the refining section there is provided adjacent to the dam a bottom portion which is disposed at a level substantially above the bottom of the homogenizing section.
摘要翻译： 一种玻璃熔炉，包括由上述燃烧器加热并且包括熔化部分的熔化槽以及具有用于供应电能的电极的精炼和均质部分; 将熔融部分与精炼均化部分分离并且其上边缘设置在（玻璃）熔融浴表面下方的坝; 以及设置在精炼均化部的底部的玻璃的出口; 其特征在于，所述精制均化部的底部处于比所述熔融部的底部更深的位置，所述电极配置在所述精炼部的一个以上的平面（水平）上，所述玻璃熔融炉的配置为： 所述精炼部分的侧面设置在所述坝附近，所述底部部分设置在基本上在所述均匀化部分的底部的上方。
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公开(公告)号：US4169963A
公开(公告)日：1979-10-02
申请号：US899665
申请日：1978-04-24
申请人： Helmut Pieper
发明人： Helmut Pieper
IPC分类号： F27B3/08 , C03B5/027 , C03B5/033 , C03B5/26 , C03B7/088 , C03B7/098 , F27B14/00 , F27B14/06 , F27B14/08 , F27D21/00 , F27D99/00 , H05B3/60 , C03B5/02
CPC分类号： C03B5/0275 , C03B5/0336 , C03B5/26 , C03B7/088 , C03B7/098 , F27B14/06 , H05B3/60 , F27B2014/002 , F27B2014/068 , F27B2014/0818 , F27D2099/0008 , F27D21/0021 , F27M2001/03
摘要： An electrically heated melting furnace for the melting of mineral materials, such as frits, (vitreous) enamels and the like, wherein a bath of molten material contained in a tank is heated by means of electrodes contacting the molten material and having a current flowing therethrough which heats the molten material by Joule's heat, wherein a batch is fed onto the melt or molten bath, and the molten product is withdrawn from the bottom of the tank wherein the furnace space or tank having the molten bath has a square or almost square cross-section or the cross-section of a regular polygon; that the depth of the furnace space or tank having the molten material therein corresponds almost to the diameter of the tank; and that a plurality of radiator heating rods are arranged above the batch material and said heating electrodes are positioned in the lower portion of the molten bath above the tank bottom and comprising a bottom outlet including a cylindrical portion or element and a further underlying, concentrically disposed, circular disc-shaped or annular portion or element of a refractory material being conductive at high temperature and acting as an electrical conductor, which elements are conductively coupled to a current supply line.
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公开(公告)号：US4107446A
公开(公告)日：1978-08-15
申请号：US754871
申请日：1976-12-27
申请人： Helmut Pieper
发明人： Helmut Pieper
CPC分类号： H05B3/0023 , G01K13/00 , G01K7/16
摘要： The temperature or temperature profile of an electrically conductive molten mass heated by electrodes immersed therein is measured during continuous operation by momentarily cutting off the electrical energy supplied to the heating electrodes, passing measuring currents through the molten mass via the heating electrodes during the momentary cut off, measuring the electrical resistance between pairs of heating electrodes in measuring paths defined by such electrodes and then calculating the temperature existing within the individual measuring paths on the basis of the measure resistance values.
摘要翻译： 在连续操作期间，通过瞬时切断供给到加热电极的电能，在瞬时切断期间通过加热电极使测量电流通过熔融物质，测量由浸入其中的电极加热的导电熔融物质的温度或温度分布 测量由这种电极限定的测量路径中的加热电极对之间的电阻，然后基于测量电阻值计算各个测量路径内存在的温度。
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