摘要:
An image forming apparatus including an image carrier including a conductive support, at least a photoconductive layer formed on the conductive support, and a surface protection layer formed on the photoconductive layer and including a charge injection layer. Also included is a charge member for charging the image carrier in contact with the surface protection layer when applied with a voltage. Further, the surface protection layer has a diamond-like structure or an amorphous structure containing hydrogen with a volume resistance of 109 &OHgr;·cm to 1012 &OHgr;·cm and a Knoop hardness of 400 Kg/mm2 or greater, and the charging member includes magnetic particles for charging having a mean particle size ranging from 20 &mgr;m to 150 &mgr;m. Also, a light transmission of the surface protective layer is 50% or more of a wavelength of light used for exposing the image carrier.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus including a developing device and an image carrier facing the developing device. The developing device includes a main magnetic pole for causing a developer to magnetically deposit on an outer periphery of a developer carrier in a form of a magnet brush. The image carrier has a coefficient of friction of 0.5 or below, and a flux density in a normal direction has an attenuation ratio of 40% or above.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus includes an image information acquisition unit that acquires image information; a toner image formation unit that forms, in response to a control parameter, a toner image on a surface of an image carrier based on the image information; an image density detection unit that produces a detection result indicative of image density of the toner image; and a control unit that determines whether to use a predetermined region in the toner image formed on the surface of the image carrier based on the image information for a detection of the image density of the toner image, and when the predetermined region is determined to be used for the detection of the image density, corrects the control parameter used by the toner image formation unit based on the detection result so as to maintain the image density in the predetermined region within a predetermined range.
摘要:
An engine cooling device including a water pump, a radiator, an exhaust heat recovery unit, and a coolant circulation circuit for circulating a coolant in these apparatuses includes a flow rate limiting means that limits the flow rate of the coolant that circulates in the exhaust heat recovery unit in the case where a temperature of a sensor element of an A/F sensor, that is disposed downstream of the exhaust heat recovery unit in an exhaust path, is below a preset activation temperature. An extent of opening of a second switching valve is made smaller in the case where the temperature of the sensor element is below the activation temperature than in the case where the temperature is equal to or higher than the activation temperature.
摘要:
Disclosed is a device for cooling an internal combustion engine in which circulation of cooling water is halted until the cooling water reaches a predetermined temperature, wherein decline in the durability of a radiator, which is caused by thermal strain that occurs when circulation of the cooling water is restarted and the cooling water is introduced into the radiator, is suppressed. An internal combustion engine (10) comprises an electric pump (23), a water temperature sensor (92), a radiator (21), and a thermostat (22). The water temperature sensor (92) detects a cooling water temperature (THW). The radiator (21) is capable of circulating the cooling water between the radiator (21) and an engine cooling system (13). If the cooling water temperature (THW) is equal to or greater than a valve opening temperature (TZ), the thermostat (22) opens and the cooling water is introduced into the radiator (21). An electronic control device (91) performs control in such a way that the discharge pressure of the cooling water is increased by the electric pump (23) before the thermostat (22) opens and cooling water is introduced into the radiator (21).
摘要:
An engine cooling device including a water pump, a radiator, an exhaust heat recovery unit, and a coolant circulation circuit for circulating a coolant in these apparatuses includes a flow rate limiting means that limits the flow rate of the coolant that circulates in the exhaust heat recovery unit in the case where a temperature of a sensor element of an A/F sensor, that is disposed downstream of the exhaust heat recovery unit in an exhaust path, is below a preset activation temperature. An extent of opening of a second switching valve is made smaller in the case where the temperature of the sensor element is below the activation temperature than in the case where the temperature is equal to or higher than the activation temperature.
摘要:
A console for use in a vehicle includes a compartment that is defined by a first wall and a second wall that are spaced apart from one another in a first direction. A first channel is disposed adjacent to the first wall and defines an opening that is oriented in an upward direction. First and second pairs of laterally spaced-apart retainer structures are disposed within the first channel. A tray member has a first pair of spaced-apart engagement structures that are configured to be received within the first channel and are configured to engage the retainer structures. The tray member is positionable within the compartment in a first position and a second position. In the first position, the first pair of engagement structures are disposed within the first channel and engaged with the first pair of retainer structures. In the second position, the first pair of engagement structures are disposed within the first channel and are engaged with the second pair of engagement structures.
摘要:
Embodiments of a vehicle console comprise a base structure defining a cavity and having an opening permitting access to the cavity, a lid having a surface area sufficient to cover at least a portion of the opening when the lid is in a closed position at the base structure, a hinge member connected between the base structure and the lid and configured to allow rotational movement of the lid between the closed position and an open position, a slide coupled to the lid and configured to allow translational movement of at least a portion of the lid between a retracted position and an extended position spaced apart from the retracted position and a slide mounting member including a first mounting portion and a second mounting portion, the first mounting portion coupled to the hinge member and the second mounting portion coupled to the slide.
摘要:
The invention provides a PCV system for a V-type engine, where an oilmist extraction port, through which oilmist to be supplied to an oil separator is taken out from the engine, is formed at a position corresponding to the lateral center of the top portion of a chain case of the engine, and the oil separator has an oil discharge hole, and is connected to a PCV valve. A rib, which extends from the floor wall of the oil separator toward a wall opposite to the floor wall, is arranged inside the oil separator. The rib forms a dead-end portion that is open in the direction opposite to the direction toward the PCV valve side, and forms a dead-end in the direction toward the PCV valve side. An oil return passage connected to the oil discharge hole is provided with a container portion.
摘要:
An image forming apparatus of the present invention includes a developing unit for developing a latent image formed on an image carrier with a two-ingredient type developer, i.e., a toner and carrier mixture. A toner replenishing device replenishes toner stored in a toner storing portion to the developing unit. A carrier storing portion, storing a carrier therein, is constructed independently of the toner storing portion. The carrier is fed from the carrier storing portion to the developing unit by a toner conveying force available with the toner replenishing device.