公开(公告)号：US07910825B2

公开(公告)日：2011-03-22

申请号：US11263865

申请日：2005-11-02

Applicant: Barry P. Rand ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Barry P. Rand ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L31/00

Abstract: A photosensitive device includes a series of organic photoactive layers disposed between two electrodes. Each layer in the series is in direct contact with a next layer in the series. The series is arranged to form at least one donor-acceptor heterojunction, and includes a first organic photoactive layer comprising a first host material serving as a donor, a thin second organic photoactive layer comprising a second host material disposed between the first and a third organic photoactive layer, and the third organic photoactive layer comprising a third host material serving as an acceptor. The first, second, and third host materials are different. The thin second layer serves as an acceptor relative to the first layer or as a donor relative to the third layer.

公开(公告)号：US07901795B2

公开(公告)日：2011-03-08

申请号：US12489045

申请日：2009-06-22

Applicant: Mark E. Thompson ,  Yujian You ,  Andrei Shoustikov ,  Scott Sibley ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Mark E. Thompson ,  Yujian You ,  Andrei Shoustikov ,  Scott Sibley ,  Paul E. Burrows ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L51/54

CPC classification number: H01L51/0084 ,  C07D487/22 ,  C09K11/06 ,  C09K2211/10 ,  C09K2211/1003 ,  C09K2211/1007 ,  C09K2211/1018 ,  C09K2211/1029 ,  C09K2211/1033 ,  C09K2211/1074 ,  C09K2211/18 ,  C09K2211/185 ,  C09K2211/186 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0067 ,  H01L51/0077 ,  H01L51/0081 ,  H01L51/0087 ,  H01L51/5016 ,  H01L51/5221 ,  H01L51/5234 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  H01L2251/5323 ,  H05B33/14 ,  H05B33/28 ,  Y10S428/917 ,  Y10T428/24942

Abstract: Organic light emitting devices are disclosed which are comprised of a heterostructure for producing electroluminescence wherein the heterostructure is comprised of an emissive layer containing a phosphorescent dopant compound. For example, the phosphorescent dopant compound may be comprised of platinum octaethylporphine (PtOEP), which is a compound having the chemical structure with the formula:

Abstract translation: 公开了由用于产生电致发光的异质结构组成的有机发光器件，其中异质结构由含有磷光掺杂剂化合物的发射层组成。 例如，磷光掺杂剂化合物可以由具有以下化学结构的化合物的铂八乙基卟吩（PtOEP）组成：

公开(公告)号：US07889774B2

公开(公告)日：2011-02-15

申请号：US10877640

申请日：2004-06-25

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Russell Holmes

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Russell Holmes

IPC: H01S3/213 ,  H01S3/0933

CPC classification number: H01S3/168 ,  H01S3/0933 ,  H01S3/30 ,  H01S5/026 ,  H01S5/041 ,  H01S5/18305 ,  H01S5/18369 ,  H01S5/36

Abstract: The present invention relates to organic lasers. More specifically, the present invention is directed to an organic laser that provides a self-stimulated source of coherent radiation originating from organic microcavity polaritons. The organic polariton laser of the present invention comprises a substrate, a resonant microcavity comprising an organic polariton emission layer; and an optical pump. In preferred embodiments the optical pump is a microcavity OLED allowing for the fabrication of a self-contained or integrated device.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及有机激光器。 更具体地，本发明涉及一种提供源自有机微腔极化子的自我激发的相干辐射源的有机激光器。 本发明的有机极化激光器包括：衬底，包含有机极化子发射层的共振微腔; 和光泵。 在优选实施例中，光泵是允许制造独立或集成的装置的微腔OLED。

公开(公告)号：US07858507B2

公开(公告)日：2010-12-28

申请号：US12366839

申请日：2009-02-06

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L21/00 ,  H01L21/84 ,  H01L21/8222 ,  H01L21/20 ,  H01L21/4763

CPC classification number: H01L51/0022 ,  H01L27/307 ,  H01L51/0096 ,  H01L51/428 ,  H01L51/441 ,  Y02E10/549

Abstract: A method of fabricating a photoactive array having an integrated backplane is provided. The layers of the device may be stamped or deposited on a planar or a curved substrate, such as a semispherical or ellipsoidal substrate. Each metal layer may be stamped using an elastomeric stamp and a vacuum mold. By depositing the patterned and full-surface layers in a single process, a photosensitive array with an integrated transistor backplane may be fabricated, resulting in improved sensitivity and performance.

Abstract translation: 提供一种制造具有集成背板的光活性阵列的方法。 该装置的层可以冲压或沉积在平面或弯曲的基底上，例如半球形或椭圆形基底。 可以使用弹性体印模和真空模具对每个金属层进行冲压。 通过将图案化和全表面层沉积在单个工艺中，可以制造具有集成晶体管背板的光敏阵列，从而提高灵敏度和性能。

公开(公告)号：US20100116312A1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-13

申请号：US12573795

申请日：2009-10-05

Applicant: Peter Peumans ,  Soichi Uchida ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Peter Peumans ,  Soichi Uchida ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L31/042 ,  H01L31/00

CPC classification number: H01L51/0026 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  Y02E10/549

Abstract: Organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices are disclosed. The devises are thin-film crystalline organic optoelectronic devices capable of generating a voltage when exposed to light, and prepared by a method including the steps of: depositing a first organic layer over a first electrode; depositing a second organic layer over the first organic layer; depositing a confining layer over the second organic layer to form a stack; annealing the stack; and finally depositing a second electrode over the second organic layer.

Abstract translation: 公开了有机光敏光电器件。 这些设计是能够在暴露于光时产生电压的薄膜结晶有机光电器件，并且通过包括以下步骤的方法制备：在第一电极上沉积第一有机层; 在所述第一有机层上沉积第二有机层; 在第二有机层上沉积限制层以形成堆叠; 退火堆 最后在第二有机层上沉积第二电极。

公开(公告)号：US07592539B2

公开(公告)日：2009-09-22

申请号：US10704226

申请日：2003-11-07

Applicant: Peter Peumans ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Peter Peumans ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L31/00

CPC classification number: H01L51/424 ,  B82Y10/00 ,  H01L27/30 ,  H01L51/0004 ,  H01L51/0021 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0062 ,  H01L51/0093 ,  H01L51/4206 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  Y02E10/549

Abstract: Solid state photosensitive devices including photovoltaic devices are provided which comprise a first electrode and a second electrode in superposed relation; and at least one isolated Light Harvesting Complex (LHC) between the electrodes. Preferred photosensitive devices comprise an electron transport layer formed of a first photoconductive organic semiconductor material, adjacent to the LHC, disposed between the first electrode and the LHC; and a hole transport layer formed of a second photoconductive organic semiconductor material, adjacent to the LHC, disposed between the second electrode and the LHC. Solid state photosensitive devices of the present invention may comprise at least one additional layer of photoconductive organic semiconductor material disposed between the first electrode and the electron transport layer; and at least one additional layer of photoconductive organic semiconductor material, disposed between the second electrode and the hole transport layer. Methods of generating photocurrent are provided which comprise exposing a photovoltaic device of the present invention to light. Electronic devices are provided which comprise a solid state photosensitive device of the present invention.

Abstract translation: 提供包括光电器件的固态光敏器件，其包括重叠关系的第一电极和第二电极; 和在电极之间的至少一个孤立的光收集复合物（LHC）。 优选的感光装置包括由设置在第一电极和LHC之间的与LHC相邻的第一光电导有机半导体材料形成的电子传输层; 以及设置在第二电极和LHC之间的由LHC相邻的第二光电导有机半导体材料形成的空穴传输层。 本发明的固态感光器件可以包括设置在第一电极和电子传输层之间的至少一个附加的光电导有机半导体材料层; 以及设置在第二电极和空穴传输层之间的至少一个附加的光导有机半导体材料层。 提供了产生光电流的方法，其包括将本发明的光电器件暴露于光。 提供了包括本发明的固态感光装置的电子装置。

公开(公告)号：US20090095349A1

公开(公告)日：2009-04-16

申请号：US11869954

申请日：2007-10-10

Applicant: Stephen R. Forrest ,  Guodan Wei ,  Kuen-Ting Shiu

Inventor： Stephen R. Forrest ,  Guodan Wei ,  Kuen-Ting Shiu

IPC: H01L31/0264 ,  H01L21/04

CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  H01L31/03046 ,  H01L31/035281 ,  H01L31/0735 ,  Y02E10/544 ,  Y10S977/932 ,  Y10S977/948

Abstract: A device comprises a plurality of fence layers of a semiconductor material and a plurality of alternating layers of quantum dots of a second semiconductor material embedded between and in direct contact with a third semiconductor material disposed in a stack between a p-type and n-type semiconductor material. Each quantum dot of the second semiconductor material and the third semiconductor material form a heterojunction having a type II band alignment. A method for fabricating such a device is also provided.

Abstract translation: 一种器件包括半导体材料的多个栅栏层和第二半导体材料的量子点的多个交替层，该第二半导体材料的第二半导体材料的交替层被嵌入在与p型和n型之间的堆叠中的第三半导体材料之间并直接接触 半导体材料。 第二半导体材料的每个量子点和第三半导体材料形成具有II型带对准的异质结。 还提供了一种用于制造这种装置的方法。

公开(公告)号：US07482195B2

公开(公告)日：2009-01-27

申请号：US11529367

申请日：2006-09-29

Applicant: Rhonda F. Salzman ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Rhonda F. Salzman ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L21/00

CPC classification number: H01L51/0025 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/424 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y10T436/25

Abstract: A method of purifying small molecule organic material, performed as a series of operations beginning with a first sample of the organic small molecule material. The first step is to purify the organic small molecule material by thermal gradient sublimation. The second step is to test the purity of at least one sample from the purified organic small molecule material by spectroscopy. The third step is to repeat the first through third steps on the purified small molecule material if the spectroscopic testing reveals any peaks exceeding a threshold percentage of a magnitude of a characteristic peak of a target organic small molecule. The steps are performed at least twice. The threshold percentage is at most 10%. Preferably the threshold percentage is 5% and more preferably 2%. The threshold percentage may be selected based on the spectra of past samples that achieved target performance characteristics in finished devices.

Abstract translation: 纯化小分子有机材料的方法，作为从有机小分子材料的第一样品开始的一系列操作进行。 第一步是通过热梯度升华纯化有机小分子材料。 第二步是通过光谱法从纯化的有机小分子材料中测试至少一种样品的纯度。 第三步是重复纯化的小分子材料上的第一至第三步骤，如果光谱测试显示超过目标有机小分子的特征峰值的阈值百分比的峰值。 步骤至少进行两次。 阈值百分比至多为10％。 阈值百分比优选为5％，更优选为2％。 可以基于在成品设备中实现目标性能特征的过去样品的光谱来选择阈值百分比。

公开(公告)号：US20080281098A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-13

申请号：US12151455

申请日：2008-05-06

Applicant: Sergey Lamansky ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Vadim Adamovich ,  Peter I. Djurovich ,  Chihaya Adachi ,  Marc A. Baldo ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Raymond Kwong

Inventor： Sergey Lamansky ,  Mark E. Thompson ,  Vadim Adamovich ,  Peter I. Djurovich ,  Chihaya Adachi ,  Marc A. Baldo ,  Stephen R. Forrest ,  Raymond Kwong

IPC: C07F15/00 ,  C07F1/12

CPC classification number: C09K11/06 ,  C07F15/0033 ,  C07F15/0086 ,  C09K2211/1007 ,  C09K2211/1011 ,  C09K2211/1014 ,  C09K2211/1029 ,  C09K2211/1044 ,  C09K2211/1088 ,  C09K2211/1092 ,  C09K2211/185 ,  H01L51/0084 ,  H01L51/0085 ,  H01L51/0087 ,  H01L51/5016 ,  H05B33/14 ,  Y10S428/917

Abstract: Emissive phosphorescent organometallic compounds are described that produce improved electroluminescence, particularly in the blue region of the visible spectrum. Organic light emitting devices employing such emissive phosphorescent organometallic compounds are also described. Also described is an organic light emitting layer including a host material having a lowest triplet excited state having a decay rate of less than about 1 per second; a guest material dispersed in the host material, the guest material having a lowest triplet excited state having a radiative decay rate of greater than about 1×105 or about 1×106 per second and wherein the energy level of the lowest triplet excited state of the host material is lower than the energy level of the lowest triplet excited state of the guest material.

Abstract translation: 描述了产生改善的电致发光的发光磷光有机金属化合物，特别是在可见光谱的蓝色区域。 还描述了使用这种发射磷光有机金属化合物的有机发光器件。 还描述了包括具有低于每秒约1的衰减率的具有最低三重态激发态的主体材料的有机发光层; 分散在主体材料中的客体材料，具有最低三重态激发态的客体材料具有大于约1×10 5或约1×10 6秒/秒的辐射衰减率， 其中主体材料的最低三重激发态的能级低于客体材料的最低三重态激发态的能级。

公开(公告)号：US07435617B2

公开(公告)日：2008-10-14

申请号：US10999716

申请日：2004-11-30

Applicant: Max Shtein ,  Fan Yang ,  Stephen R. Forrest

Inventor： Max Shtein ,  Fan Yang ,  Stephen R. Forrest

IPC: H01L51/40 ,  H01L35/24

CPC classification number: B82Y30/00 ,  H01L51/0008 ,  H01L51/0053 ,  H01L51/0078 ,  H01L51/4213 ,  H01L51/4246 ,  H01L51/4253 ,  H01L2251/308 ,  Y02E10/549 ,  Y02P70/521

Abstract: A method of fabricating an optoelectronic device comprises: depositing a first layer having protrusions over a first electrode, in which the first layer comprises a first organic small molecule material; depositing a second layer on the first layer such that the second layer is in physical contact with the first layer; in which the smallest lateral dimension of the protrusions are between 1 to 5 times the exciton diffusion length of the first organic small molecule material; and depositing a second electrode over the second layer to form the optoelectronic device. A method of fabricating an organic optoelectronic device having a bulk heterojunction is also provided and comprises: depositing a first layer with protrusions over an electrode by organic vapor phase deposition; depositing a second layer on the first layer where the interface of the first and second layers forms a bulk heterojunction; and depositing another electrode over the second layer.

Abstract translation: 制造光电器件的方法包括：在第一电极上沉积具有突起的第一层，其中第一层包含第一有机小分子材料; 在所述第一层上沉积第二层，使得所述第二层与所述第一层物理接触; 其中突起的最小横向尺寸为第一有机小分子材料的激子扩散长度的1至5倍; 以及在所述第二层上沉积第二电极以形成所述光电器件。 还提供了制造具有体异质结的有机光电子器件的方法，其包括：通过有机气相沉积在电极上沉积具有突起的第一层; 在第一层上沉积第二层，其中第一和第二层的界面形成体异质结; 并在第二层上沉积另一电极。