公开(公告)号：US5335992A

公开(公告)日：1994-08-09

申请号：US31334

申请日：1993-03-15

申请人： Richard A. Holl

发明人： Richard A. Holl

IPC分类号： B01F5/00 ,  B01F5/06 ,  B01F7/00 ,  B29B1/04

CPC分类号： B01F5/0646 ,  B01F5/0656 ,  B01F7/0075 ,  B01F2005/0002 ,  B01F7/00633

摘要： New apparatus and methods are provided for the uniform mixing and dispersion of highly viscous flowable pastes, such apparatus comprising a body with a flow passage that is kept full of the material by pumping it under pressure. The passage is of constant flow cross-sectional area along its operative length and the ratio of its dimensions at right angles to one another changes cyclically and repeatedly along its length between a lower value and a higher value. In each stage each increase in ratio produces spreading deformation of the material from a compact mass to a thin sheet moving between closely spaced passage surfaces, and viscous shear in the material, while each decrease returns the moving material to a compact mass; the passage preferably has from 10 to 25 stages. Preferably, a rotatable core member extends through the passage so that it is annular, its rotation increasing the shear in the material above a minimum required for rheological plastic flow to facilitate the flow through the passage. The core member is rotated at a speed within the range 0.05 to 2000 RPM, preferably in the range 0.1 to 100 RPM.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于均匀混合和分散高粘性可流动浆料的新装置和方法，这种装置包括具有通过在压力下泵送而保持充满材料的流动通道的主体。 该通道沿着其工作长度具有恒定的流动横截面积，并且其直角彼此的尺寸比例沿其长度在较低值和较高值之间周期性地和重复地改变。 在每个阶段，每个比例的增加都会导致材料从紧凑的质量传递到在紧密间隔的通道表面之间移动的薄片和材料中的粘性剪切的扩展变形，而每个减少使移动的材料返回到紧凑的质量; 通道优选具有10至25个阶段。 优选地，可旋转的芯构件延伸穿过通道使得其是环形的，其旋转将材料中的剪切增加到高于流变塑性流动所需的最小值以便于流过通道。 芯构件以0.05至2000RPM的速度旋转，优选地在0.1至100RPM的范围内。

公开(公告)号：US4670103A

公开(公告)日：1987-06-02

申请号：US739777

申请日：1985-06-03

申请人： Richard A. Holl

发明人： Richard A. Holl

IPC分类号： F28F13/02 ,  F28F13/12

CPC分类号： F28F13/12 ,  F28F13/02 ,  Y10S165/405

摘要： The invention provides fluid handling apparatus which may be heat exchange apparatus or fluid reaction apparatus. The apparatus is provided with an interrupter structure for disrupting the fluid boundary layers at the walls of the apparatus and promoting mixing of the separated boundary layers with the adjacent core layers. One interrupter structure comprises a plurality of longitudinally-spaced interrupter elements mounted on a core rod, each element comprising a plurality of blade-like members each of at least approximately spherical segment profile in side elevation, the members extending mutually radially outward relative to one another to touch or nearly touch the said surface or surfaces adjacent the elements. The elements are spaced longitudinally from one another the distance required to provide wake interference flow of the fluid, wherein the vortex upstream of one element cooperates with the vortex downstream of the next element in the fluid path. In a shell and tube type exchanger the bladed type of structure may be provided in the tubes interiors, while a spherical type of interrupter structure is provided in the shell contacting the tube exteriors.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供流体处理装置，其可以是热交换装置或流体反应装置。 该装置设置有用于破坏装置壁处的流体边界层的断流器结构，并促进分离的边界层与相邻芯层的混合。 一个断路器结构包括安装在芯棒上的多个纵向隔开的断路器元件，每个元件包括多个叶片状构件，每个叶片状构件的侧视图至少大致为球形段轮廓，该构件相对于彼此相对径向向外延伸 触摸或接近元件周围的所述表面或表面。 这些元件彼此纵向间隔开提供流体的尾流干扰流所需的距离，其中一个元件上游的涡流与流体路径中的下一个元件下游的涡流配合。 在壳管式交换器中，可以在管内部设置刀片式结构，而在与外管接触的外壳中设置球形型的断流器结构。

公开(公告)号：US4593754A

公开(公告)日：1986-06-10

申请号：US767254

申请日：1985-08-21

申请人： Richard A. Holl

发明人： Richard A. Holl

IPC分类号： F15D1/06 ,  F28F13/00 ,  F28F13/02 ,  F28F9/24 ,  F28F13/08

CPC分类号： F28F13/003 ,  F15D1/06 ,  F28F13/02 ,  Y10S165/40 ,  Y10S165/907

摘要： Shell and tube heat transfer apparatus and a corresponding process of heat transfer employ a fluid flow consisting of non-turbulent boundary-layers adjacent the inner and outer heat exchanger surfaces of the tubes and a non-turbulent core-layer between the boundary-layers and interfacing therewith. Interrupter-structures disposed within the tube and shell flow passes and interrupt the full development of the boundary-layers at a multitude of spaced spots, leaving the heat transfer surfaces unaltered, unmodified and uninterrupted, so that the boundary-layers cannot increase in thickness but will partially separate from the surfaces and mix non-turbulently with the core-layer to effect the required heat transfer between the surfaces and the fluid. The interrupter-structure preferably consists of a plurality of rows of spheres, with which the space remote from the heat exchange surface is filled with a space-filling material to prevent the useless flow of fluid in a space not effective for heat transfer. The interrupter structure may also comprise a unitary body of equivalent shape.

摘要翻译： 壳和管传热装置和相应的传热过程采用由邻近管的内部和外部热交换器表面的非湍流边界层组成的流体流和边界层之间的非湍流核心层和 与其接口。 设置在管和壳体流中的断路器结构在多个间隔的位置处通过并中断了边界层的充分发展，使得传热表面不变，未改变和不间断，使得边界层的厚度不能增加， 将部分地从表面分离并且与芯层非紊乱地混合以实现表面和流体之间所需的热传递。 断路器结构优选地由多排球体组成，远离热交换表面的空间用空间填充材料填充，以防止在对热传递无效的空间中的无用流体流动。 断路器结构还可以包括相同形状的整体。

公开(公告)号：US5538191A

公开(公告)日：1996-07-23

申请号：US387769

申请日：1995-02-21

申请人： Richard A. Holl

发明人： Richard A. Holl

IPC分类号： B01F3/12 ,  B01F7/00 ,  B01F11/02 ,  B02C7/02 ,  B02C17/00 ,  B02C17/16 ,  B02C19/10 ,  B02C19/18

CPC分类号： B01F7/00758 ,  B01F11/0225 ,  B01F11/0266 ,  B01F3/1221 ,  B01F3/1242 ,  B01F7/00791 ,  B01F7/008 ,  B01F7/00833 ,  B02C17/166 ,  B02C19/18 ,  B02C7/02 ,  B01F2215/0404 ,  Y10S977/70 ,  Y10S977/776 ,  Y10S977/892

摘要： High-shear treated materials are passed through a high-shear treatment zone which allows the coexistence of free supra-Kolmogoroff eddies larger than the smallest possible Kolmogoroff eddy diameter and forced sub-Kolmogoroff eddies smaller than this diameter. This zone includes a subsidiary higher-shear zone for suppressing these free eddies. The passage walls (40, 44, 102, 108) move relative to one another transverse to the flow to force the simultaneous development of supra-Kolmogoroff and sub-Kolmogoroff eddies while maintaining liquid films adherent to the passage surfaces. The movement produces only forced sub-Kolmogoroff eddies in the subsidiary zone while maintaining a non-turbulent flow. Ultrasonic oscillations (52) may be applied to cause elastohydrodynamic pressure and viscosity increases and/or production of smaller sub-Kolmogoroff eddies. One apparatus includes an inner cylinder rotatable (46) inside a hollow outer cylinder (38), another consists of tow circular coaxial plates, and the rotational axis can be vertical or horizontal.

摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US93 / 07931。 371日期1995年2月21日 102（e）日期1995年2月21日PCT 1993年8月24日PCT公布。 第WO94 / 04275号公报 日期1994年3月3日高剪切处理的材料通过高剪切处理区域，其允许大于最小可能的Kolmogoroff涡流直径的自由的上Kolmogoroff涡流共存，并且强制的次Kolmogoroff涡流小于该直径。 该区域包括用于抑制这些自由涡流的附属高剪切区域。 通道壁（40,44,102,108）相对于流动相互相对地移动，以迫使同时发展超Kolmogoroff和次Kolmogoroff涡流，同时保持粘附到通道表面的液膜。 该运动仅在辅助区域产生强制的次Kolmogoroff涡流，同时保持非湍流。 可以应用超声振荡（52）以引起弹性流体动力学压力和粘度增加和/或产生较小的次Kolmogoroff涡流。 一个装置包括在中空外筒（38）​​内部可旋转的内筒（46），另一个由牵引圆形同轴板组成，并且旋转轴线可以是垂直的或水平的。

公开(公告)号：US5279463A

公开(公告)日：1994-01-18

申请号：US935277

申请日：1992-08-26

申请人： Richard A. Holl

发明人： Richard A. Holl

IPC分类号： B01F3/12 ,  B01F7/00 ,  B01F11/02 ,  B02C7/02 ,  B02C17/00 ,  B02C17/16 ,  B02C19/10 ,  B02C19/18

CPC分类号： B01F7/00758 ,  B01F11/0225 ,  B01F11/0266 ,  B01F3/1221 ,  B01F3/1242 ,  B01F7/00791 ,  B01F7/008 ,  B01F7/00833 ,  B02C17/166 ,  B02C19/18 ,  B02C7/02 ,  B01F2215/0404 ,  Y10S977/70 ,  Y10S977/776 ,  Y10S977/892

摘要： The method for treating materials in liquids involves passing them with the liquid through a processing gap formed by a flow passage whose walls are closely spaced and move relative to one another transversely to the direction of flow, thereby producing "supra-kolmogoroff" mixing eddies in the gap, and at the same time applying ultrasonic longitudinal pressure oscillations that reverberate between the two closely spaced surfaces into the gap transversely to the direction of flow from transducers mounted on one wall, thereby producing "sub-Kolmogoroff" mixing eddies therein. The method is capable of rapidly producing relatively thick slurries of sub-micrometer particles that otherwise can take several days in conventional high shear mixers and ball or sand mills, or of rapidly dissolving difficultly soluble gases and powders into liquids. One type of apparatus consists of two circular coaxial plates, one stationary while the other is rotated, the opposed faces forming the processing gap being mirror finished; the rotational axis can be vertical or horizontal. Another type consists of an inner cylinder rotatable about a horizontal axis inside a stationary hollow outer cylinder with the facing walls closely spaced at their lowermost parts to form the processing gap. The ultrasonic transducers are mounted on the stationary member. The liquid/material mixture may be recirculated through a single mill or may be passed through a series of mills. The mixture may be pretreated in a high capacity reverbatory ultrasonic mixer before being fed to the mill or series of mills.

摘要翻译： 用于处理液体材料的方法包括使液体通过由流动通道形成的处理间隙，其中流动通道的壁紧密间隔开并且横向于流动方向彼此相对移动，由此产生“超离散”混合涡流 间隙，并且同时施加超声波纵向压力振荡，其在两个紧密间隔的表面之间混响到横向于从安装在一个壁上的换能器的流动方向的间隙中，从而在其中产生“次Kolmogoroff”混合涡流。 该方法能够快速生产相对厚的亚微米颗粒浆料，否则在传统的高剪切混合器和球磨机或砂磨机中可能需要几天时间，或将难溶的气体和粉末快速溶解到液体中。 一种类型的装置由两个圆形同轴板组成，一个是静止的，另一个是旋转的，形成加工间隙的相对面是镜面抛光的; 旋转轴可以是垂直或水平的。 另一种类型包括可在静止中空外筒内围绕水平轴线旋转的内筒，其中相对的壁在其最下部分紧密间隔开以形成加工间隙。 超声换能器安装在固定件上。 液体/材料混合物可以通过单个研磨机再循环，或者可以通过一系列的研磨机。 混合物可以在高容量的回弹超声波混合器中进行预处理，然后送入研磨机或一系列的研磨机。

公开(公告)号：US4708198A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-24

申请号：US717580

申请日：1985-03-29

申请人： Richard A. Holl

发明人： Richard A. Holl

IPC分类号： F28F13/02 ,  F28F13/12

CPC分类号： F28F13/12 ,  F28D7/16 ,  F28F13/02 ,  Y10S165/401

摘要： An improved heat exchange construction for tube bundle heat exchange systems including shell (4) and tube (6) types (2), incorporating detached, essentially spherical flow interrupters (24, 26) arranged in an interconnected matrix configuration (22), and disposed within the tube bundle interstices (9, 11). Substantial improvements in heat exchange and exchanger tube life, is provided. The mechanically interconnected matrix configuration of the flow interrupters provides an economical and easily assembled means to improve heat transfer outside of individual tubes in a tube bundle configuration. Continuous tube support is also provided by tube/interrupter contact, thereby greatly decreasing fatigue failures encountered in presently used multiple tube, tube/shell heat exchanger configurations (2).

摘要翻译： 一种用于管束热交换系统的改进的热交换结构，包括壳体（4）和管（6）类型（2），其包括布置在互连的矩阵构型（22）中的分离的，基本上为球形的流动断流器（24,26），并且设置 在管束间隙（9,11）内。 提供了热交换和换热器管寿命的显着改进。 流动断路器的机械互连矩阵结构提供了一种经济且易于组装的装置，以改善管束构造中各个管外部的传热。 连续管支撑也由管/断续器接触提供，从而大大减少目前使用的多管，管/壳热交换器构造（2）中遇到的疲劳失效。

公开(公告)号：US4784218A

公开(公告)日：1988-11-15

申请号：US899454

申请日：1986-08-22

申请人： Richard A. Holl

发明人： Richard A. Holl

IPC分类号： F28F13/02 ,  F28F13/12 ,  F28F1/40 ,  F28F9/24

CPC分类号： F28F13/12 ,  F28F13/02 ,  Y10S165/405

摘要： The invention provides fluid handling apparatus which may be heat exchange apparatus or fluid reaction apparatus. The apparatus is provided with an interrupter structure for disrupting the fluid boundary layers at the walls of the apparatus and promoting mixing of the separated boundary layers with the adjacent core layers. One interrupter structure comprises a plurality of longitudinally-spaced interrupter elements mounted on a core rod, each element comprising a plurality of blade-like members each of at least approximately spherical segment profile in side elevation, the members extending mutually radially outward relative to one another to touch or nearly touch the said surface or surfaces adjacent the elements. The elements are spaced longitudinally from one another the distance required to provide wake intererence flow of the fluid, wherein the vortex upstream of one element cooperates with the vortex downstream of the next element in the fluid path. In a shell and tube type exchanger the bladed type of structure may be provided in the tubes interiors, while a spherical type of interrupter structure is provided in the shell contacting the tube exteriors.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供流体处理装置，其可以是热交换装置或流体反应装置。 该装置设置有用于破坏装置壁处的流体边界层的断流器结构，并促进分离的边界层与相邻芯层的混合。 一个断路器结构包括安装在芯棒上的多个纵向隔开的断路器元件，每个元件包括多个叶片状构件，每个叶片状构件的侧视图至少大致为球形段轮廓，该构件相对于彼此相对径向向外延伸 触摸或接近元件周围的所述表面或表面。 这些元件彼此纵向地间隔开提供流体的尾流间隔所需的距离，其中一个元件上游的涡流与流体路径中的下一个元件的下游涡流配合。 在壳管式交换器中，可以在管内部设置刀片式结构，而在与外管接触的外壳中设置球形型的断流器结构。