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公开(公告)号：US6112600A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-05
申请号：US22035
申请日：1998-02-11
CPC分类号： G01L5/28 , G01G19/024 , G01G3/13
摘要： The measuring platform according to the invention, for recessing into road surfaces, consists of a base plate and cover plate supported in cross section on two supporting points fitted with piezoelectric shear crystals, enabling the shear force of an overrunning wheel to be measured. If the supporting points are equipped with piezoelectric pressure crystals, it is possible to measure the axle load with the same platform arrangement. This offers new possibilities, especially on or after gradients, for verifying the functional efficiency of braking and ABS systems and taking out of service vehicles with defective braking equipment.
摘要翻译： 根据本发明的用于凹入路面的测量平台包括在安装有压电剪切晶体的两个支撑点上横截面地支撑的基板和盖板，从而能够测量超越轮的剪切力。 如果支撑点配有压电压力晶体，则可以以相同的平台布置来测量轴载荷。 这提供了新的可能性，特别是在梯度上或之后，用于验证制动和ABS系统的功能效率以及使用有缺陷的制动设备的停用车辆。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5665283A
公开(公告)日：1997-09-09
申请号：US529536
申请日：1995-09-18
申请人： Christopherus Bader , Luigi Greco
发明人： Christopherus Bader , Luigi Greco
IPC分类号： B29C45/77
CPC分类号： B29C45/77 , B29C2045/776
摘要： When producing injection-moulded or die-cast articles the changeover point between a filling program and a subsequent hold pressure program is determined by measuring the pressure inside the mould cavity at regular intervals, and deriving two classification variables (k.sub.0.sup.+, k.sub.0.sup.-, k.sub.-1.sup.+, k.sub.-1.sup.-, k.sub.-2.sup.+, k.sub.-2.sup.-) from each of the last three measured values (p.sub.0, p.sub.-1, p.sub.-2) in classification stages (K.sub.0, K.sub.-1, K.sub.-2) and combining them into weighting variables (g.sup.-, g.sup.0, g.sup.+) in a logic stage (V) using the methods of fuzzy logic. In an evaluation stage (A), by means of evaluation functions a switching value (s) is derived from these and compared with a threshold value in a decision stage (E). If the switching value oversteps the threshold, it is deduced that the changeover point has been reached.
摘要翻译： 在制造注射成型或压铸制品时，通过以规则的间隔测量模具腔内的压力来确定填充程序和随后的保持压力程序之间的切换点，并且导出两个分类变量（k0 +，k0-，k- （K0，K-1，K-2）中的最后三个测量值（p0，p-1，p-2）中的每一个分别进行分类（1+，k-1，k-2 +，k- ），并且使用模糊逻辑的方法将它们组合成逻辑级（V）中的加权变量（g-，g0，g +）。 在评价阶段（A）中，通过评价功能，从这些推导出导出值，并与判定阶段（E）中的阈值进行比较。 如果开关值超过阈值，则推断出已达到转换点。
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公开(公告)号：US5477729A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-26
申请号：US280533
申请日：1994-07-26
申请人： Claudio Cavalloni
发明人： Claudio Cavalloni
IPC分类号： G01D5/48 , B23Q17/09 , G01H11/08 , G01N29/00 , H01L29/84 , H01L41/08 , H04R17/00 , G01N29/28
CPC分类号： G01H11/08
摘要： The invention relates to an acoustic emission transducer and a coupling method. The acoustic emission transducer (1) forms an assembly unit and is intended specially for measuring high-frequency acoustic emissions (up to about 2 MHz). It consists of a piezoelectric measuring element (9), an acoustic transmission base (8) with a circumferential coupling diaphragm (7), and an encapsulant (10) which partially encloses the measuring element (9). A mounting screw (3) serves to fix the transducer to a measuring object. The coupling diaphragm (7) lies in a recess (14) of the housing (2), whose bottom surface (5) is at a distance from the measuring object (15) corresponding to the prestressing distance s when the diaphragm (7) is unstressed. The acoustic emission transducer (1) is coupled onto the measuring object (15) by tightening the screw (3) so that the bottom surface (5) is pressed onto the measuring object (15) and fixed to it, tensioning the diaphragm (7) and coupling the mounting base (8 ) to the surface of the measuring object (15). The invention makes possible miniaturization and more rational production of the transducer as well as improved high-frequency sound transmision.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及声发射换能器和耦合方法。 声发射换能器（1）形成组装单元，专用于测量高频声发射（高达约2MHz）。 它包括压电测量元件（9），具有圆周耦合隔膜（7）的声传播基座（8）和部分地包围测量元件（9）的密封剂（10）。 安装螺钉（3）用于将换能器固定到测量对象。 联接膜片（7）位于壳体（2）的凹部（14）中，当隔膜（7）为（6））时，其底表面（5）与测量物体（15）距离预应力距离s 没有压力 通过拧紧螺钉（3）将声发射换能器（1）联接到测量对象（15）上，使得底表面（5）被按压到测量对象（15）上并固定在其上，张紧隔膜 ）并将安装基座（8）联接到测量对象（15）的表面。 本发明使传感器的小型化和更合理的生产以及改进的高频声音传播成为可能。
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公开(公告)号：US5461924A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-31
申请号：US271661
申请日：1994-07-07
CPC分类号： G08G1/02 , G01G19/024 , G01G19/07 , G01G3/13 , G01L1/16
摘要： The invention concerns a sensor arrangement which is installed in the surface of carriageways or runways and serves to detect the wheel loads of vehicles or aircraft and/or their shear components on the surface during travel. The construction of the flanged tube sensor with piezoelectric crystal plates makes possible modular assembly, in that either piezo-plates sensitive to pressure P only, or to shear S, or to combinations of both are installed, since all piezo-plates have the same dimensions. The force introduction flange makes possible a concentration of the force lines onto the measuring arrangement with a substantial mechanical amplifying effect. The packing of the flanged tube sensor ready to install ensures proper fitting and positioning in the installation groove. Here the two rolling force insulation compounds and the foam insulator of the tubular part are important. The application of the invention lies in traffic management for weight detection. With the addition of shear measuring, new applications are feasible in vehicle testing tracks and aircraft landing runways, opening up new aspects of driving dynamics and security.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种传感器装置，其安装在行车道或跑道的表面中，并且用于在行驶期间检测车辆或飞机和/或其表面上的剪切部件的车轮负载。 具有压电晶体板的法兰管传感器的构造使得可以进行模块化组装，因为安装仅对压力P敏感的压电板或剪切S或两者的组合，因为所有压电板具有相同的尺寸 。 力引入法兰使得能够将力线集中到具有实质的机械放大效应的测量装置上。 准备安装的法兰管传感器的包装确保了安装槽中的正确安装和定位。 这里两个轧制力绝缘化合物和管状部分的泡沫绝缘体是重要的。 本发明的应用在于权重检测的流量管理。 随着剪切测量的增加，新的应用在车辆测试轨道和飞机着陆跑道上是可行的，开辟了驾驶动态和安全性的新方面。
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公开(公告)号：US5402684A
公开(公告)日：1995-04-04
申请号：US139028
申请日：1993-10-21
申请人： Paul Engeler , Mario Giorgetta
发明人： Paul Engeler , Mario Giorgetta
CPC分类号： G01L5/223 , G01L5/167 , G01P15/0907 , G01P15/18
摘要： A multicomponent force and moment measuring arrangement wherein shear forces are converted into moments and transmitted via tensile-compressive forces onto piezoelectric rod elements, while axial compressive-tensile forces are transmitted directly onto the same piezoelectric rod elements. With appropriate arrangement of the piezoelectric rods and their signal evaluation, transducers and dynamometers of entirely new type can be constructed, in which the necessary electronics package can be located between the piezoelectric rod elements for certain applications.
摘要翻译： 一种多分力和力矩测量装置，其中剪切力被转换为力矩并经由拉伸压缩力传递到压电杆元件上，而轴向压缩张力直接传递到相同的压电杆元件上。 通过适当布置压电棒及其信号评估，可以构造全新型的传感器和测功机，其中必要的电子封装可以位于用于某些应用的压电杆元件之间。
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公开(公告)号：US20010006004A1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-05
申请号：US09733958
申请日：2000-12-12
申请人： K.K. Holding AG
发明人： Markus Zanetti
IPC分类号： G01L003/26
CPC分类号： F02D35/023 , F02B3/06 , F02D41/009 , F02D41/1405 , F02F2007/0097 , G01L23/30
摘要： Direct TDC determinations on internal combustion engines involve much effort and are relatively inaccurate, above all on multicylinder engines. Known TDC determinations from the pressure curve inside the cylinder, using the adiabatic equation of state, call for considerable calculation and yet do not take into account the actual operating conditions of the engine. With the new procedure, after calibrating the rotary position transducer employed for direct TDC determination, the pressure curve inside the cylinder and the directly measured TDC timing in various operating states and if necessary different engine-specific parameters are recorded simultaneously, correlated as discrete value pairs and stored as a data set. With one part of the data set a knowledge-based system is trained and varied till the TDC timing output for all operating states and engine types considered agrees with a TDC time previously measured directly, within the desired accuracy. To detect the TDC from the pressure curve inside the cylinder with unkown and possibly different engine types, measured pressure values are put into the knowledge-based system unaltered after training, at whose output the required TDC is given.
摘要翻译： 内燃机的直接TDC测定涉及很多努力，并且相对不精确，尤其是在多缸发动机上。 使用绝热状态方程从缸内的压力曲线得知的TDC确定需要相当大的计算，但是不考虑发动机的实际运行状况。 通过新的程序，在校准用于直接TDC确定的旋转位置传感器之后，同时记录气缸内的压力曲线和各种运行状态下的直接测量的TDC定时以及必要时不同的发动机特定参数，作为离散值对 并存储为数据集。 对于数据集的一部分，基于知识的系统被训练和变化，直到所有运行状态和引擎类型的TDC定时输出与所要求的精度下直接测量的TDC时间一致。 为了从未知和可能不同的发动机类型的气缸内的压力曲线检测TDC，将测量的压力值在训练之后不改变，在其输出中给出所需的TDC。
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公开(公告)号：US6105434A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-22
申请号：US149074
申请日：1998-09-08
申请人： Paul Engeler
发明人： Paul Engeler
CPC分类号： G01L19/02
摘要： The invention is an acceleration-compensated pressure transducer having only one signal crystal array joined by two masses and connecting elements to an inner part having a flange. The installation housing of the pressure transducer is joined to the flange and touches the inner part of the pressure transducer at no other point. Hence, the inner part constitutes a freely vibrating element, which with the masses and the stiffnesses optimized, measures only the pressure signal.
摘要翻译： 本发明是一种加速度补偿压力传感器，其仅具有一个由两个质量组成的信号晶体阵列和连接元件连接到具有凸缘的内部部分。 压力传感器的安装壳体连接到法兰上，在其他位置接触压力传感器的内部。 因此，内部构成自由振动的元件，其中质量和刚度被优化，仅测量压力信号。
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8.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5513534A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-07
申请号：US318292
申请日：1994-10-05
申请人： Stefan Brechbuhl , Ernst Pletscher
发明人： Stefan Brechbuhl , Ernst Pletscher
CPC分类号： G01L19/0681 , G01L19/04 , G01L23/10 , G01L9/0044
摘要： The invention concerns an important innovation for combustion engine research, whereby thermal shocks overlaid upon the pressure cycles are compensated. For this a diaphragm construction is proposed consisting of an annular plate and central plate, which is joined to an annular support in such a way that a bridge girder structure with double parallelogram support results. The position and thickness of the central plate are optimizable, and it serves as an actuator element for controlling the compensation process via the double parallelogram structure. At the same time, the central plate is raised to a significantly higher temperature level by controlled heat conduction paths. A novel thermal shock compensation is achieved by these two measures. Further improvement is possible by stepwise optimization of the central plate, by turning it on a lathe and comparing it in the test engine for example.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及用于内燃机研究的重要创新，由此补偿了覆盖在压力循环上的热冲击。 为此，提出了一种隔膜结构，其包括环形板和中心板，其以与具有双平行四边形支撑的桥梁结构结合的方式连接到环形支撑件。 中心板的位置和厚度是可以优化的，并且它用作用于通过双平行四边形结构来控制补偿过程的致动器元件。 同时，通过受控的热传导路径将中心板升高到显着更高的温度水平。 通过这两种措施实现了新颖的热冲击补偿。 通过对中心板的逐步优化，通过在车床上转动并在例如测试引擎中进行比较来进一步改进是可能的。
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公开(公告)号：US5983722A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-16
申请号：US968074
申请日：1997-11-12
申请人： Thomas Berther , Reto Calderara , Kurt Vollenweider , Peter Weber
发明人： Thomas Berther , Reto Calderara , Kurt Vollenweider , Peter Weber
CPC分类号： G01P15/0922
摘要： An accelerometer element of the bender having geometrical outside dimensions and relations wherein the height and width are alike and half of the length. The accelerometer element is built from ceramic materials and consists of two half blocks with a piezoelectric bender element clamped in-between. The high part tolerances are overcome by two fastener gaps, being filled with a special material for microcomponents. This method allows tolerance differences to be compensated by the fastener gaps and its fastening layer. The half blocks consist of a ceramic material to be ground in strips and processed with electronic components in well known batch production methods. Both sides of the blocs are protected with cover plates. The connector recess is filled with a watertight sealing material. The accelerometer element, whether with or without integrated electronics, is fully hermetic and watertight, with only the signal wires protruding on the outside. The opening for the bender vibration has close tolerances to the bender in order to avoid breakage at extremely high shock application.
摘要翻译： 具有几何外部尺寸和关系的弯曲机的加速度计元件，其中高度和宽度是相同的和长度的一半。 加速度计元件由陶瓷材料构成，由两个半块组成，压电元件夹在其间。 高部件公差由两个紧固件间隙克服，其中填充有用于微型部件的特殊材料。 该方法允许公差差由紧固件间隙及其紧固层补偿。 半块由待研磨的陶瓷材料组成，并以公知的批量生产方法用电子部件加工。 集团的两边都用盖板保护。 连接器凹部填充有防水密封材料。 加速度计元件，无论是否集成电子元件，都是完全密封和防水的，只有信号线突出在外面。 弯曲机振动的开口对弯曲机具有很大的公差，以避免在非常高的冲击应用下的断裂。
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公开(公告)号：US5821432A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-13
申请号：US839884
申请日：1997-04-16
申请人： Andreas Sidler , Peter Wolfer , Josef Stirnimann , Denis Kohler
发明人： Andreas Sidler , Peter Wolfer , Josef Stirnimann , Denis Kohler
CPC分类号： G01L5/167
摘要： A force and moment measuring device has multicomponent force measuring cells arranged in opposite pairs at either side of a force introducing platform or mounting plate, viewed in the direction of their tension/pressure sensitivity. The opposed force measuring cells are preloaded by a common preloading screw extending in the direction of their tension/pressure sensitivity and passing through the force introduction platform without friction. The opposed force measuring cells have opposed tension/pressure sensitivity orientation. The tension/pressure measuring signals resulting from a temperature change occurring in the mounting plate and/or in the common preloading screw are cancelled out by opposed measuring cells, while the measured values generated by a force acting in one direction are added together.
摘要翻译： 力和力矩测量装置具有从其张力/压力敏感性的方向观察的多个分力测力单元，其以相对的方式布置在力导入平台或安装板的两侧。 相反的力测量单元由在其张力/压力敏感性方向上延伸并通过力引入平台而没有摩擦的普通预紧螺钉预加载。 相反的力测量单元具有相对的张力/压力敏感性取向。 由安装板和/或普通预加载螺钉中发生的温度变化引起的张力/压力测量信号被相对的测量单元抵消，而通过沿一个方向作用的力产生的测量值相加在一起。
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