摘要:
A glass-ceramic having at least two crystal phases, wherein at least one crystal phase has a positive temperature dependence of the resonance frequency τf, at least one crystal phase has a negative temperature dependence of the resonance frequency τf and the glass-ceramic has a resulting temperature dependence of the resonance frequency τf of 0 ppm/K with a maximum deviation of +/−20 ppm/K, is described. Furthermore, a process for producing such a glass-ceramic and the use of the glass-ceramic are described.
摘要:
Processes for producing shaped glass articles with a defined geometry are provided. In some embodiment, the process includes arranging a glass pane on a mould, heating the glass pane by infrared radiation, deforming the heated glass pane over the mould by gravity, negative pressure, and/or positive pressure, and cooling the shaped glass pane to obtain the shaped glass article with a defined geometry.
摘要:
A syringe body/needle assembly and a method for producing such a syringe body/needle assembly are provided that if free of an organic adhesive bond.
摘要:
A method for making glass ceramic composite structures, wherein a first and at least a second glass component, with an intermediate layer of a joining solder consisting of glass placed between them, are assembled to form a raw composite structure, wherein the joining solder has a radiation absorption capacity higher than the components to be joined, and wherein the raw composite structure is irradiated with energy, for example IR energy, at least in the area of the joining solder until the joining solder has softened sufficiently to bond together the components and the joining solder to produce a composite glassy structure. Thereafter a ceramization treatment is performed.
摘要:
A process for the production of a glass-ceramic comprises the following steps: a) providing a mixture comprising at least SiO2, Al2O3, BaO and TiO2, b) melting the mixture in order to produce a glass phase, c) cooling the glass phase, and d) ceramicizing the glass phase. In the process, the glass phase is heated over the course of at most 5 minutes, preferably over the course of at most 3 minutes, to a temperature in the region of the crystallization temperature of Ba1-xZ1xTi1-yZ2yO3, whereby Z1 is an element selected from the group consisting of Sr, Ca, Ce, Pb, La and Sm, whereby Z2 is an element selected from the group consisting of Zr, Hf, Nb, V, Y, Sc and Ta, and whereby x and y are each independently of one another 0≦x,y≦0.5, preferably 0≦x,y≦0.1, but substantially below the crystallization temperature of Ba[Al2Si2O8].
摘要翻译:制备玻璃陶瓷的方法包括以下步骤:a)提供至少包含SiO 2,Al 2 O 3,BaO和TiO 2的混合物,b)熔化混合物以产生玻璃相,c)冷却玻璃相 ,和d)陶瓷化玻璃相。 在该过程中,将玻璃相在至多5分钟的时间内,优选在3分钟以上加热至Ba1-xZ1xTi1-yZ2yO3的结晶温度区域的温度,由此Z1是元素 选自由Sr,Ca,Ce,Pb,La和Sm组成的组,其中Z 2是选自Zr,Hf,Nb,V,Y,Sc和Ta的元素,并且其中x和y各自 彼此独立的是0和nlE; x,y和nlE; 0.5,优选0& nlE; x,y≦̸ 0.1,但基本上低于Ba [Al 2 Si 2 O 8]的结晶温度。
摘要:
The process of making the glass-ceramic includes ceramicizing a starting glass at a heating or cooling rate during the ceramicization of at least 10 K/min, so that the glass-ceramic contains at least 50% by volume of ferroelectric crystallites with a maximum diameter of from 20 to 100 nm and not more than 10% by volume of nonferroelectric crystallitesis. The glass ceramic produced by the process contains no pores or not more than 0.01% by volume of the pores and a value of e′·V2max of the glass-ceramic is at least 20 (MV/cm)2, wherein e′ is the dielectric constant at 1 kHz and Vmax is the breakdown voltage per unit thickness. The ferroelectric crystallites preferably have a perovskite structure and are composed of substantially pure or doped BaTiO3 and/or BaTi2O5.
摘要:
The invention relates to the use of Factor H for the manufacture of a medicament to treat both chronic nephropathies which are not causally associated with proteinuria and chronic nephropathies which are causally associated with proteinuria. The invention also relates to large scale purification methods for Factor H.
摘要:
A process for shaping a body with elongate structures on its surface, bodies produced using the process, and to apparatuses having these bodies are provided. For this purpose, a preform is provided, at the surface, with structures which are elongate along one direction, the preform is heated at least in one region and the preform is drawn in the heated state until at least part of the preform has adopted a cross section which substantially corresponds to the desired cross-sectional shape or final cross-sectional shape. The preform is heated by means of radiation which has a spectral distribution which is such that at most half of the radiation power is absorbed during a single pass through the material.
摘要:
In the process for partially shaping, a glass/glass ceramic article (5) is held on a planar support plate (1) by suction. The glass/glass ceramic article is heated to soften it, so that it has a viscosity below 106 dPa•s. After the softening one or more shaping dies (4) is or are moved upward through an opening or respective openings (3) in the support plate to form raised regions in the softened glass/glass ceramic article (5). The suction force is produced by a low pressure in a hollow compartment (2) below the support plate (1) and acts on the glass/glass ceramic article (5) by means of a gap (G) formed between each shaping die (4) and the support plate. Additional openings can be provided in the support plate and/or in one or more of the shaping dies to assist in applying the suction force to the glass/glass ceramic article. After solidification of the softened glass/glass-ceramic article the shaping die or dies (4) is or are withdrawn. Then the partially shaped glass/glass ceramic product is removed by compressed air and/or mechanically with lifting members (8). An apparatus for performing this process is also described.
摘要:
The invention provides a method for producing a glass ceramic comprising the steps of melting a starting glass that is free from alkali, except for incidental contamination, and that contains at least one garnet-forming agent and at least one oxide of a lanthanoid; grinding the starting glass to produce a glass frit; molding by pressing and sintering the glass frit until at least one garnet phase containing lanthanoids is formed. A glass ceramic produced in this way may contain 5-50% by weight of SiO2, 5-50% by weight of Al2O3 and 10-80% by weight of at least one oxide selected from the group formed by Y2O3, Lu2O3, Sc2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, Ce2O3, as well as 0.1-30% by weight of at least one oxide selected from the group formed by B2O3, Th2O3, and oxides of the lanthanoids, except Lu2O3, Gd2O3, Yb2O3, Ce2O3. Such a glass ceramic is suited especially for down conversion of excitation radiation in the blue and in the UV region of the spectrum.
摘要翻译:本发明提供了一种制备玻璃陶瓷的方法,包括以下步骤:熔化除了偶然污染之外不含碱的起始玻璃,并含有至少一种石榴石形成剂和至少一种镧系元素氧化物; 研磨起始玻璃以生产玻璃料; 通过压制和烧结玻璃料成型至含有镧系元素的至少一个石榴石相。 以这种方式制造的玻璃陶瓷可以含有5-50重量%的SiO 2,5-50重量%的Al 2 O 3和10-80重量%的至少一种选自由Y 2 O 3,Lu 2 O 3,Sc 2 O 3, Gd 2 O 3,Yb 2 O 3,Ce 2 O 3,以及选自B 2 O 3,Th 2 O 3的至少一种氧化物和除了Lu 2 O 3,Gd 2 O 3,Yb 2 O 3,Ce 2 O 3以外的镧系元素的氧化物的至少一种氧化物。 这种玻璃陶瓷特别适用于在光谱的蓝色和紫外区域的激发辐射的下变换。