摘要:
Methods and apparatuses for manipulating an elongated flexible shaft of a catheter provide ease and reliability of positioning electrodes against or near tissue. Dual-bend flexible distal tips may be used in combination with flat wires. In some embodiments, flat wires which are free to rotate upon initial bending of shaft segments are employed. In some embodiments, one or more transition segments are used to relocate the satellite lumen-to-main lumen transition of pull wires away from a change in shaft stiffness.
摘要:
Embodiments described herein relate to methods of using a catheter having a braided conductive member. One embodiment relates to a method for treating a condition of a patient that involves contacting an exterior wall of a blood vessel with the braided conductive member. Another embodiment relates to a method that involves contacting a wall of a blood vessel with the braided conductive member and controlling energy delivery to the braided conductive member based on at least one sensed temperature.
摘要:
Methods and apparatuses for manipulating an elongated flexible shaft of a catheter provide ease and reliability of positioning electrodes against or near tissue. Dual-bend flexible distal tips may be used in combination with flat wires. In some embodiments, flat wires which are free to rotate upon initial bending of shaft segments are employed. In some embodiments, one or more transition segments are used to relocate the satellite lumen-to-main lumen transition of pull wires away from a change in shaft stiffness.
摘要:
A method of treating cardiac arrhythmia, including guiding a distal end portion of a catheter, the distal end portion having a distal tip and accommodating at least one elongated ablation electrode into a desired intracardiac region, for example, from the inferior vena cava into the right atrium of a human heart, and then from the right atrium into the right ventricle of the heart, pulling the catheter backwards, for example, towards the inferior vena cava, until the distal tip engages a edge of an intracardiac orifice, for example, the tricuspid annulus whereby the at least one ablation electrode engages a target tissue, for example, the isthmus of tissue between the tricuspid annulus and the inferior vena cava, deflecting the distal tip into a hook-shaped configuration, and activating the at least one ablation electrode to produce a substantially continuous lesion on the target tissue.
摘要:
A steerable catheter includes control handle having a generally tubular housing with a longitudinal slot therein in which an axially or longitudinally movable two-part slideblock resides, and a generally cylindrical, rotatably mounted thumbwheel surrounding a distal portion of the tubular housing, for controlling the axial translation of the slideblock. The pullwire passes into the distal end of the control handle and is only secured to the proximal part of the two-part slideblock so as to prevent the user from placing the pullwire under compression. A tip radius adjusting wire is attached to and extends distally from a slide actuator in the control handle into and through the main catheter shaft portion. The free distal end of the tip radius adjusting wire is selectably Iocatable at different positions. The radius of curvature of the tip portion, when deflected, depends upon how far distally into the deflectable tip portion the radius adjusting wire has been advanced by the user. The electrode catheter thus has a deflectable tip whose radius of curvature is adjustable over a relatively wide range.
摘要:
A continuously generated alkyleneamines producers composition comprising, based on 100% of the moles of the composition and exclusive of any MEA and water present,a) about 20 to about 40 mole % DETA,b) about 15 to about 60 mole % EDA (net generated),c) about 5 to about 18 mole % AEEA,d) about 3 to about 25 mole % of the combination of PIP, AEP and HEP,e) less than about 1 to about 5 mole % of one or more of TETAs and TEPAs,f) less than about 1 mole % of other polyalkylene polyamines,g) a DETA to AEEA mole ratio greater than about 1.35, andh) an EDA to DETA mole ratio less than 2.60,and the process of manufacturing it which comprises feeding hydrogen, ammonia, MEA and EDA, preferably provided from a recycle stream, to a reaction zone containing a fixed bed of a reductive amination catalyst in a tubular reactor, wherein the hydrogen comprises about 1 to about 30 mole percent of the feed in the reaction zone, the mole ratio of EDA to MEA is greater than 0.25 and the mole ratio of ammonia to MEA is about 1 to about 15, the temperature of the reaction zone is about 120.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C., the pressure of the reaction zone is about 1800 to about 2500 psig., the conversion of MEA is about 20 to about 60 weight percent, and recovering said producers composition from the reaction zone.
摘要:
A continuously generated alkyleneamines producers composition comprising based on 100% of the moles of the compostion and exclusive of any MEA and water present,a) about 15 to about 35 mole % DETA,b) about 15 to about 55 mole % EDA (net generated),c) about 10 to about 35 mole % AEEA,d) about 3 to about 25 mole % of the combination of PIP, AEP and HEP,e) about 3 to about 10 mole % of one or more of TETAs and TEPAs,f) less than about 1 mole % of other polyalkylene polyamines, andg) a DETA to AEEA mole ratio greater than about 0.77 to less than 1.35,and the process of producing the same, which comprises feeding hydrogen, ammonia, MEA and EDA, preferably provided from a recycle stream, to a reaction zone containing a fixed bed of a reductive amination catalyst in a tubular reactor, wherein the hydrogen comprises about 10 to about 50 mole percent of the feed in the reaction zone, the mole ratio of EDA to MEA is less than about 0.25 and the mole ratio of ammonia to MEA is about 1 to about 10, the temperature of the reaction zone is about 120.degree. C. to about 300.degree. C., the pressure of the reaction zone is about 1000 to about 1800 psig, the conversion of MEA is about 20 to about 50 weight percent, and recovering said producers composition from the reaction zone.
摘要:
This invention provides for the separation of an amine composition undergoing processing at high temperatures and pressures which amine composition contains volatile components and less volatile components where the volatile components are desirable for further processing and/or utilization and the less volatile components are less desirable for further processing and/or utilization. The separation serves to divide the amine composition into two streams, one which is enriched in the volatile components and the other which is enriched in the less volatile components.
摘要:
Embodiments described herein relate to methods of using a catheter having a braided conductive member. One embodiment relates to a method for treating a condition of a patient that involves contacting an exterior wall of a blood vessel with the braided conductive member. Another embodiment relates to a method that involves contacting a wall of a blood vessel with the braided conductive member and controlling energy delivery to the braided conductive member based on at least one sensed temperature.
摘要:
The present invention encompasses apparatus and methods for mapping electrical activity within the heart. The present invention also encompasses methods and apparatus for creating lesions in the heart tissue (ablating) to create a region of necrotic tissue which serves to disable the propagation of errant electrical impulses caused by an arrhythmia.