摘要:
This invention provides for the separation of an amine composition undergoing processing at high temperatures and pressures which amine composition contains volatile components and less volatile components where the volatile components are desirable for further processing and/or utilization and the less volatile components are less desirable for further processing and/or utilization. The separation serves to divide the amine composition into two streams, one which is enriched in the volatile components and the other which is enriched in the less volatile components.
摘要:
A continuous process is provided for preparing alkanolamines having a high yield of monoalkanolamine, which comprises continuously reacting a flowing stream of a homogeneous mixture of an alkylene oxide having from two to four carbon atoms and ammonia in a molar ratio of ammonia to alkylene oxide within the range from about 15:1 to about 50:1 at temperatures above the critical temperature of the mixture and at pressures above the critical pressure of the mixture and maintaining the mixture in a single phase having a density of at least 15 lbs./cu.ft. for the time necessary to form an alkanolamine product mixture containing at least about 65% by weight monoalkanolamine.
摘要:
A process is provided for preparing alkanolamines having a high yield of monoalkanolamine which comprises reacting in a reaction mixture an alkylene oxide having from two to four carbon atoms with ammonia in a molar ratio of ammonia to alkylene oxide within the range from about 15.1 to about 50.1 at temperatures above the critical temperature of the reaction mixture and at pressures above the critical pressure of the reaction mixture and high enough to maintain the reaction mixture at sufficiently high fluid densities.
摘要:
Systems for ionic liquid catalyzed hydrocarbon conversion comprise a reactor vessel, a mixing device in fluid communication with the reactor vessel, and at least one circulation loop in fluid communication with the reactor vessel and the mixing device. The mixing device may comprise an upper venturi, at least one feed injection component, and a lower venturi. Such systems may be used for ionic liquid catalyzed alkylation reactions. Processes for ionic liquid catalyzed hydrocarbon conversion are also disclosed.
摘要:
This application provides a process unit for the production of alkylate gasoline, comprising: a) a nozzle having an orifice that dispenses one or more recirculated streams comprising ionic liquid catalyst into a chamber in the nozzle, b) a conduit for introducing a hydrocarbon feed stream comprising an olefin to the orifice at a close distance from the orifice; and c) a throat connecting the chamber in the nozzle to an alkylation zone. The process unit can have multiple Venturi nozzles.
摘要:
A regeneration process for re-activating an ionic liquid catalyst, which is useful in a variety of reactions, especially alkylation reactions, and which has been deactivated by conjunct polymers. The process includes a reaction step and a solvent extraction step. The process comprises (a) providing the ionic liquid catalyst, wherein at least a portion of the ionic liquid catalyst is bound to conjunct polymers; and (b) reacting the ionic liquid catalyst with aluminum metal to free the conjunct polymers from the ionic liquid catalyst in a stirred reactor or a fixed reactor. The conjunct polymer is then separated from the catalyst phase by solvent extraction in a stirred extraction or packed column.
摘要:
This application provides a process unit for the production of alkylate gasoline, comprising: a) a nozzle having an orifice that dispenses one or more recirculated streams comprising ionic liquid catalyst into a chamber in the nozzle, b) a conduit for introducing a hydrocarbon feed stream comprising an olefin to the orifice at a close distance from the orifice; and c) a throat connecting the chamber in the nozzle to an alkylation zone. The process unit can have multiple Venturi nozzles.
摘要:
Systems, apparatus, and methods for distributing a mixed phase fluid to a monolith catalyst bed within a reactor, wherein a mixed phase fluid may be generated by a nozzle tray comprising a plurality of nozzles, the mixed phase fluid may be distributed by the nozzles to a mixed phase distributor system, and the mixed phase fluid may be further distributed by the mixed phase distributor system to a plurality of monolith channels within the reactor.
摘要:
Disclosed herein are processes in which precipitation permits removal of metal halides (e.g. AlCl3) from ionic liquids. After precipitation, the precipitated metal halides can be physically separated from the bulk ionic liquid. More effective precipitation can be achieved through cooling or the combination of cooling and the provision of metal halide seed crystals. The ionic liquids can be regenerated ionic liquid catalysts, which contain excess metal halides after regeneration. Upon removal of the excess metal halides, they can be reused in processes using ionic liquid catalysts, such as alkylation processes.
摘要:
Disclosed are a system and an apparatus for regenerating an ionic liquid catalyst, which has been deactivated by conjunct polymers during any type of reaction producing conjunct polymers as a by-product, for example, isoparaffin-olefin alkylation. The system and apparatus are designed such that solvent extraction of conjunct polymers, freed from the ionic liquid catalyst through its reaction with aluminum metal, occurs as soon as the conjunct polymers de-bond from the ionic liquid catalyst.