公开(公告)号：US06628605B1

公开(公告)日：2003-09-30

申请号：US09358198

申请日：1999-07-21

申请人： Charles E. Chang

发明人： Charles E. Chang

IPC分类号： H04J1100

CPC分类号： H04J3/0685

摘要： A switch suitable for use in high-bandwidth environments is disclosed. The switch eliminates the need for inter-stage jitter compensation by determining the timing signals associated with each data input and then re-timing the data based upon the timing signals at the switch output. Bandwidth is conserved by routing timing signals through a multiplexer that preferably determines the difference between the timing signal and a reference signal, combines the difference signal with other difference signals calculated for other data inputs, and then transmits the multiplexed difference signals to a demultiplexer. Suitable multiplexing schemes include time division multiplexing, wavelength division multiplexing, code division multiple access (CDMA) multiplexing, as well as various combinations of suitable multiplexing methods.

摘要翻译： 公开了适用于高带宽环境的开关。 该开关通过确定与每个数据输入相关联的定时信号，然后基于开关输出端的定时信号对数据进行重新定时，从而消除了阶段间抖动补偿的需要。 通过路由定时信号通过优选地确定定时信号和参考信号之间的差异的多路复用器来保存带宽，将差分信号与为其它数据输入计算的其他差分信号组合，然后将多路复用差分信号发送到解复用器。 合适的复用方案包括时分复用，波分复用，码分多址（CDMA）复用，以及合适的多路复用方法的各种组合。

公开(公告)号：US08761387B2

公开(公告)日：2014-06-24

申请号：US11800433

申请日：2007-05-03

申请人： Charles E. Chang

发明人： Charles E. Chang

IPC分类号： H04M1/76 ,  H04M7/00 ,  H04M9/00

CPC分类号： H04B3/32

摘要： An analog transmit side crosstalk cancellation system is disclosed which is located at or near the connector of a communication channel, cable, or backplane. When configured as a connector, multiple signal paths are provided within the cancellation system. Input nodes and output nodes provide access into the connector of a received signal and out of the connector for processed signals. The crosstalk canceller comprises a delay, a filter, and an amplifier. These elements operate in conjunction to generate crosstalk cancellation signals. For a particular received signal, cancellation signals are combined therewith from one or more adjacent channels. The crosstalk cancellation system may be configured as part of a connector or an intermediary device between the communication device or card and conductors. The connector may be attached to the communication device or as part of the cable.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种位于通信信道，电缆或背板的连接器处或附近的模拟发射侧串扰消除系统。 当配置为连接器时，在取消系统内提供多个信号路径。 输入节点和输出节点提供对接收信号的连接器的访问，并且从连接器中提供对于处理的信号的访问。 串扰消除器包括延迟，滤波器和放大器。 这些元件结合起来产生串扰消除信号。 对于特定的接收信号，消除信号与一个或多个相邻信道组合。 串扰消除系统可以被配置为通信设备或卡和导体之间的连接器或中间设备的一部分。 连接器可以附接到通信设备或者作为电缆的一部分。

公开(公告)号：US07702030B2

公开(公告)日：2010-04-20

申请号：US10739908

申请日：2003-12-17

申请人： Charles E. Chang ,  Keith R. Jones ,  Maurice M. Reintjes

发明人： Charles E. Chang ,  Keith R. Jones ,  Maurice M. Reintjes

IPC分类号： H04L27/00 ,  H03D3/24

CPC分类号： H04J13/004 ,  H04B1/707 ,  H04J9/00 ,  H04J15/00 ,  H04L1/205

摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed for incorporating secondary data for transmission as part of or concurrently with network data. In one embodiment, the secondary data comprises communication system data for use in controlling or monitoring a communication system. In one example embodiment, the secondary data is utilized to control the transmit timing of the network data to thereby jitter modulate the secondary data into the transmission of the network data. By monitoring the timing variation, or jitter, of the received network data signal, the secondary data may be recovered. In one embodiment, the secondary data is encoded to reduce the amount of time variation, i.e., jitter, that occurs when transmitting the network data. Decoding may occur upon reception of the time adjusted network data signal. In one embodiment, the encoding comprises CDMA type encoding utilizing one or more orthogonal codes.

摘要翻译： 公开了用于将用于传输的次要数据作为网络数据的一部分或与网络数据同时的方法和装置。 在一个实施例中，辅助数据包括用于控制或监视通信系统的通信系统数据。 在一个示例实施例中，辅助数据被用于控制网络数据的发送定时，从而将辅助数据抖动调制成网络数据的传输。 通过监视所接收的网络数据信号的定时变化或抖动，可以恢复辅助数据。 在一个实施例中，对次要数据进行编码以减少发送网络数据时发生的时间变化量即抖动量。 在接收到时间调整后的网络数据信号时可能发生解码。 在一个实施例中，编码包括利用一个或多个正交码的CDMA型编码。

公开(公告)号：US07499648B2

公开(公告)日：2009-03-03

申请号：US10952488

申请日：2004-09-27

申请人： Daniel S. Draper ,  Charles E. Chang ,  Wim F. Cops

发明人： Daniel S. Draper ,  Charles E. Chang ,  Wim F. Cops

IPC分类号： H04B10/16

CPC分类号： H03F3/24 ,  H03F1/0277 ,  H03F3/087 ,  H03F3/72 ,  H04B10/695

摘要： A method and apparatus for signal amplification and decision device operation on a signal which has a magnitude, peak value, or other average power that varies over time. In general, a peak detector detects the peak value of a received signal and responsive to the peak value, selectively enables a decision device when the signal is amplified to increase decision device accuracy. The decision may occur before the amplification forces the signal into saturation. Multi-stage amplification in combination with controlled switching or multiplexing may be utilized to selectively amplify the signal and selectively initiate decision device operation. The peak detector value may also control signal amplification levels in a multi-stage amplifier. Responsive to the peak value, a switch, which receives as its input the output from one or more amplifier stages, may be controlled to output the signal after a desired amount of amplification.

摘要翻译： 一种信号放大和判定装置对具有随时间变化的幅度，峰值或其他平均功率的信号的操作的方法和装置。 通常，峰值检测器检测接收信号的峰值并响应于峰值，当信号被放大以选择性地启用判定装置以增加判定装置精度。 该决定可能发生在放大强制信号饱和之前。 结合受控切换或多路复用的多级放大可用于选择性地放大信号并选择性地启动判定装置的操作。 峰值检测器值也可以控制多级放大器中的信号放大电平。 响应于峰值，可以控制接收来自一个或多个放大器级的输出作为其输入的开关，以在期望的放大量之后输出信号。

公开(公告)号：US06636077B1

公开(公告)日：2003-10-21

申请号：US09330875

申请日：1999-06-11

申请人： Charles E. Chang ,  Andre Metzger

发明人： Charles E. Chang ,  Andre Metzger

IPC分类号： H03K19082

CPC分类号： H03K17/6264

摘要： A high-isolation, low-power high-speed multiplexer circuit suitably includes a buffer stage and a current steering tree stage. By employing common select lines for both stages of the circuit, both the input buffer and the deselected channel provide cumulative isolation for the deselected channels.

摘要翻译： 高隔离，低功率高速多路复用器电路适当地包括缓冲器级和当前转向树级。 通过对电路的两个阶段采用公共选择线，输入缓冲器和取消选择的通道都为未选通道提供累积隔离。

公开(公告)号：US07127391B2

公开(公告)日：2006-10-24

申请号：US10720000

申请日：2003-11-20

申请人： Charles E. Chang ,  Daniel Scott Draper

发明人： Charles E. Chang ,  Daniel Scott Draper

IPC分类号： G10L21/00

CPC分类号： H04L25/062

摘要： A method and apparatus is disclosed for reducing the error rate in a received signal by determining and establishing an optimal slice point for a decision device, or optimal operational parameters. In one embodiment, a processor monitors a received signal to determine signal characteristics, such as a peak signal level or phase value. A table look-up operation may occur in a data table or other processing may occur and, based on the signal characteristics, an optimal slice point may be determined. In one embodiment the look-up operation may also reveal one or more optimal operational parameters that, if adopted, will further reduce the error rate. A receiving station may communicate these optimal operational parameters to a transmitting station to modify operation of the transmitting station. Also disclosed is a method and apparatus for self-testing a communication system and channel to determine optimal slice points and operational parameters.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种通过确定和建立用于决策设备的最佳切片点或最佳操作参数来减少接收信号中的错误率的方法和装置。 在一个实施例中，处理器监视接收的信号以确定信号特性，例如峰值信号电平或相位值。 可以在数据表中发生表查找操作，或者可能发生其他处理，并且可以基于信号特性来确定最佳切片点。 在一个实施例中，查找操作还可以揭示一个或多个最佳操作参数，如果采用的话，该操作参数将进一步降低错误率。 接收站可以将这些最佳操作参数传送到发射台，以修改发射台的操作。 还公开了一种用于自我测试通信系统和信道以确定最佳切片点和操作参数的方法和装置。

公开(公告)号：US07813381B2

公开(公告)日：2010-10-12

申请号：US10841762

申请日：2004-05-07

申请人： Charles E. Chang ,  Wim F. Cops ,  Brian Hostetter

发明人： Charles E. Chang ,  Wim F. Cops ,  Brian Hostetter

IPC分类号： H04J3/06

CPC分类号： H04L25/0262 ,  H04H60/04 ,  H04L7/02 ,  H04L7/033

摘要： Various systems and methods for automatic data rate detection are provided. In one embodiment, a system is provided that includes a clock and data recovery circuit embodied in a first integrated circuit, the clock and data recovery circuit being configured to re-clock a data stream. The system also includes an automatic rate detection system embodied in a second integrated circuit, where the first integrated circuit is in data communication with the second integrated circuit. Also, the automatic rate detection system is configured to determine a data rate of the data stream upon identifying a transition in the data rate of the data stream based upon the state of the at least one status flag received from the clock and data recovery circuit.

摘要翻译： 提供了用于自动数据速率检测的各种系统和方法。 在一个实施例中，提供了一种系统，其包括体现在第一集成电路中的时钟和数据恢复电路，所述时钟和数据恢复电路被配置为对数据流进行重新计时。 该系统还包括实施在第二集成电路中的自动速率检测系统，其中第一集成电路与第二集成电路进行数据通信。 此外，自动速率检测系统被配置为基于从时钟和数据恢复电路接收的至少一个状态标志的状态来识别数据流的数据速率的转换来确定数据流的数据速率。

公开(公告)号：US06563145B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-13

申请号：US09474624

申请日：1999-12-29

申请人： Charles E. Chang ,  Richard L. Pierson ,  Peter J. Zampardi ,  Peter M. Asbeck

发明人： Charles E. Chang ,  Richard L. Pierson ,  Peter J. Zampardi ,  Peter M. Asbeck

IPC分类号： H01L29739

CPC分类号： H01L29/66318 ,  H01L29/0821 ,  H01L29/7371

摘要： A compound collector double heterojunction bipolar transistor (CCHBT) incorporates a collector comprising two layers: a wide bandgap collector region (e.g., GaAs), and a narrow bandgap collector region (e.g., InGaP). The higher electric field is supported in the wide bandgap region, thereby increasing breakdown voltage and reducing offset voltage. At the same time, the use of wide bandgap material in the depleted portion of the collector, and a higher mobility material toward the end and outside of the depletion region, reduces series resistance as well as knee voltage.

摘要翻译： 复合集电极双异质结双极晶体管（CCHBT​​）结合了包括两层的集电极：宽带隙集电极区（例如GaAs）和窄带隙集电极区（例如，InGaP）。 在宽带隙区域支持较高的电场，从而增加击穿电压并降低失调电压。 同时，在收集器的耗尽部分中使用宽带隙材料和朝向耗尽区域的末端和外部的较高迁移率材料减少了串联电阻以及膝盖电压。