公开(公告)号：US20210261294A1

公开(公告)日：2021-08-26

申请号：US16934927

申请日：2020-07-21

Applicant: Christopher W. Gabrys ,  E. Neil Schopke ,  Joseph J. Danko

Inventor： Christopher W. Gabrys ,  E. Neil Schopke ,  Joseph J. Danko

IPC: B65D19/00

Abstract: A corrugated pallet folded together from two planar blanks, including a pallet top that supports a load above a floor, and a pallet bottom that rests on the floor. Each pallet top and pallet bottom has multiple double thickness interior support ribs folded vertically from the plane of the pallet top and bottom. Ribs from the pallet top intersect with ribs from the pallet bottom perpendicularly and support the pallet top on the pallet bottom. Multiple mechanical vertical locks hold the pallet top in vertically spaced relation with the pallet bottom with middle straps folded vertically from the pallet top and/or pallet bottom into contact with interior surfaces of the pallet and lock directly into sides of the interior support ribs at positions intermediate the pallet top and bottom. Reinforcement tubes are provided over intersections of double thickness ribs at the corners of the pallet while folded doubled thickness ribs provide compression support near the center.

公开(公告)号：US20200313526A1

公开(公告)日：2020-10-01

申请号：US16368797

申请日：2019-03-28

Applicant: Christopher W. Gabrys ,  Timothy S. Rodgers

Inventor： Christopher W. Gabrys ,  Timothy S. Rodgers

IPC: H02K15/06 ,  H02K3/28 ,  H02K1/27 ,  H02K1/18 ,  H02K21/22 ,  H02K3/47 ,  H02K15/03

Abstract: A process for assembly of a brushless air core motor-generator includes assembling a rotor formed from two spaced apart rotor portions having magnetic poles that drive magnetic flux circumferentially through the rotor portions and back and forth across an armature airgap between the rotor portions. An air core armature is made by coating a nonmagnetic armature form with a tacky adhesive layer, and winding armature windings in a winding pattern onto the form with a winding head, using wire comprised of bundled multiple individually insulated conductor strands that are electrically connected in parallel but are electrically insulated from each other along their lengths where located inside the magnetic flux in the armature airgap. The armature windings are adhered to the nonmagnetic form simultaneously as the winding head traverses the winding pattern while applying pressure to the wire against the tacky adhesive, so tack of the tacky adhesive layer holds the wire to the armature form during the winding process, in the winding pattern later required for magnetic torque production. The air core armature is inserted into the armature airgap and mounted to a stator of the motor-generator for production of magnetically induced torque between the rotor and the stator.

公开(公告)号：US07411325B1

公开(公告)日：2008-08-12

申请号：US11255430

申请日：2005-10-20

Applicant: Christopher W. Gabrys

Inventor： Christopher W. Gabrys

IPC: H02K11/00

CPC classification number: H02K11/048 ,  H02K3/47 ,  H02K21/12 ,  H02K21/24

Abstract: A brushless permanent magnet motor has a rotor constructed of spaced ferromagnetic backirons and a circumferential array of alternating polarity magnetic poles that drive magnetic flux back and forth across an armature air gap between the backirons. A stator includes an air core armature in the air gap with three-phase windings. An inverter includes a pulse-modulated semiconductor H-bridge that switches and regulates power to the three-phase windings to drive the rotor. Harmonic losses in the motor caused by ripple currents generated by the higher pulse switching frequency in electronic variable speed drives, due to the inherently lower inductance of air core motors, are substantially reduced by adding serial inductance between the motor and drive. The H-bridge is serially electrically connected to the three-phase armature windings through three inductors that employ a low cost powder core. Each of the inductors provides an inductance that is greater than twice the value of the leg inductance of the three-phase windings.

Abstract translation: 无刷永磁电动机具有由间隔的铁磁背衬和交替极性磁极的圆周阵列构成的转子，其驱动磁通来回绕过回转之间的电枢气隙。 定子包括空气间隙中的空心电枢和三相绕组。 逆变器包括脉冲调制半导体H桥，其切换和调节三相绕组的功率以驱动转子。 由于电机和驱动器之间的串联电感，由于空心电动机本身较低的电感，电动变速驱动器中较高脉冲开关频率产生的纹波电流引起的电机谐波损耗大大减少。 H桥通过采用低成本粉末芯的三个电感器与三相电枢绕组串联电连接。 每个电感器提供的电感大于三相绕组的脚电感值的两倍。

公开(公告)号：US07267028B2

公开(公告)日：2007-09-11

申请号：US10148935

申请日：2001-10-02

Applicant: Christopher W. Gabrys

Inventor： Christopher W. Gabrys

IPC: G05G1/00 ,  F16F15/10

CPC classification number: F16F15/30 ,  F16F15/3153 ,  Y10T74/2119

Abstract: A high-speed steel flywheel for a flywheel uninterruptible power is constructed by stacking several unpierced steel discs together. Each disc is heat treated prior to assembly. Thin axial thickness of each disc enables complete rapid quenching to attain a fully hardened condition and development of high tensile strength. The individual discs are machined or ground to shape and assembled to form an axially thicker flywheel capable of storing several kilowatts of energy or more. The discs are attached together by welding, brazing, soldiering, bonding or an interference assembly. The stacked disc configuration minimizes chances of catastrophic failure of the flywheel due to initiation of a crack in a single disc by restricting axial crack propagation to that single disc, and supporting the cracked disc by one or more adjacent discs until the flywheel can be safely decelerated.

Abstract translation: 用于飞轮不间断电源的高速钢飞轮是通过将几个未加工的钢盘堆叠在一起而构成的。 每个盘在组装之前进行热处理。 每个圆盘的薄的轴向厚度使得能够完全快速淬火，以获得完全硬化的状态和显着的高拉伸强度。 单独的盘被加工或磨削成形和组装以形成能够存储几千瓦能量或更多能量的轴向更厚的飞轮。 通过焊接，钎焊，焊接，粘合或干涉组件将盘连接在一起。 堆叠的盘形结构通过限制轴向裂纹扩展到单个盘并且通过一个或多个相邻的盘支撑破裂的盘直到飞轮可以安全地减速，从而最小化由于在单个盘中开始裂纹而引起的飞轮的灾难性故障的机会 。

公开(公告)号：US07042109B2

公开(公告)日：2006-05-09

申请号：US10651383

申请日：2003-08-30

Applicant: Christopher W. Gabrys

Inventor： Christopher W. Gabrys

IPC: H02P9/04 ,  F03D9/00 ,  F03D7/02 ,  F03B15/06

CPC classification number: F03D9/25 ,  F03D80/70 ,  F05B2220/7066 ,  F05B2220/7068 ,  F16C2360/31 ,  H02K3/47 ,  H02K7/02 ,  H02K7/025 ,  H02K7/09 ,  H02K7/1838 ,  H02K9/06 ,  H02K19/103 ,  H02K29/08 ,  Y02B10/30 ,  Y02E10/725

Abstract: A wind turbine for generating electrical power from wind energy includes a turbine rotor mounted for rotation in wind, and having multiple blades for converting energy in the wind into rotational energy. A generator is coupled with said turbine rotor such that said turbine rotor drives said generator. The generator has a stationary air core armature that is located in a magnetic airgap between two generator rotor portions. The generator rotor portions have circumferential arrays of multiple alternating polarity permanent magnets attached to ferromagnetic back irons such that the permanent magnets drive magnetic flux back and forth between each rotor portion and through the stationary air core armature. The stationary air core armature has multiple phase windings of multiple individually insulated strand conductor wire that is wound with two separate portions including an active length portion and an end turn portion. The end turn portion is located outside the magnetic airgap and traverses predominately circumferentially, and the active length portion is located in the magnetic airgap and traverses predominately non-circumferentially and perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic airgap. The end turn portion has a thickness that is greater than the thickness of said active length portion in the direction of said magnetic airgap. AC voltage is induced in the multiple phase windings as the turbine rotor rotates.

Abstract translation: 用于从风能产生电力的风力涡轮机包括安装成用于在风中旋转的涡轮转子，并且具有用于将风中的能量转换成旋转能量的多个叶片。 发电机与所述涡轮转子耦合，使得所述涡轮转子驱动所述发电机。 发电机具有位于两个发电机转子部分之间的磁性气隙中的静止空心电枢。 发电机转子部分具有附接到铁磁背铁的多个交替极性永久磁体的圆周阵列，使得永磁体在每个转子部分之间和通过固定空心磁芯衔铁之间来回驱动磁通。 固定空心电枢具有多个单独绝缘绞线导线的多相绕组，其缠绕有包括有效长度部分和端部匝部分的两个分开的部分。 端部旋转部分位于磁性气隙的外侧，主要在周向上横向移动，有效长度部分位于磁性气隙中，主要非圆周方向并且垂直于磁性气隙的方向。 端部匝部具有比所述有源长度部分在所述磁性气隙方向上的厚度大的厚度。 当涡轮转子旋转时，在多相绕组中感应出交流电压。

公开(公告)号：US06794776B1

公开(公告)日：2004-09-21

申请号：US09977678

申请日：2001-10-15

Applicant: Christopher W Gabrys

Inventor： Christopher W Gabrys

IPC: H02K702

CPC classification number: H02P9/14 ,  F16C39/06 ,  H02K7/025 ,  Y02E60/16

Abstract: An inductor alternator flywheel system, for converting between electrical and kinetic energy, includes an annular steel flywheel mounted on bearings for rotation about an axis. The flywheel has an inwardly facing radial surface forming multiple protrusions or teeth extending radially inwardly. A yoke has a field coil for producing homopolar flux which creates magnetic poles in the teeth. A cylinder constructed of substantially high permeability material, and having an outer radial surface, is mounted concentrically in the bore of the annular flywheel and is spaced apart radially from the teeth such that an armature air gap is formed between the teeth and the outer surface of the cylinder. A ring of armature coils is mounted within the air gap such that the flux induces an alternating voltage in the armature coils when the rotor rotates about its axis. A field controller provides field power at a level to the field coil when the flywheel is rotating at normal fill operating speed such that the generator provides full output power under full load to the output at the instant of disruption in primary power. The field controller increases the field power during a continuous disruption of primary power to maintain a substantially constant output voltage at the output as the generator speed decreases.

Abstract translation: 用于在电能和动能之间转换的电感器交流发电机飞轮系统包括安装在轴承上以绕轴线旋转的环形钢飞轮。 飞轮具有向内的径向表面，其形成径向向内延伸的多个突起或齿。 轭具有用于产生在牙齿中产生磁极的单极磁通的励磁线圈。 由基本上高导磁率的材料构成并且具有外部径向表面的圆筒同心地安装在环形飞轮的孔中并且与齿的径向间隔开，使得在齿与外表面之间形成衔铁气隙 气瓶。 电枢线圈环安装在气隙内，使得当转子围绕其轴旋转时，磁通在电枢线圈中产生交流电压。 当飞轮以正常的填充操作速度旋转时，现场控制器将励磁电平提供给励磁线圈，使得发电机在主功率中断的瞬间向输出端提供全负载输出功率。 现场控制器在主电源的连续中断期间增加励磁功率，以在发电机速度降低时在输出端保持基本恒定的输出电压。

公开(公告)号：US06767589B1

公开(公告)日：2004-07-27

申请号：US09688544

申请日：2000-10-12

Applicant: Christopher W. Gabrys

Inventor： Christopher W. Gabrys

IPC: B05D136

CPC classification number: B05D5/068 ,  C23C28/00 ,  C23C30/00 ,  C25D7/00 ,  F16F2226/00

Abstract: A composite flywheel rotor includes an annular rim mounted on a hub for high speed rotation in an evacuated flywheel enclosure. A smooth epoxy layer is applied to the rim and is cleaned or maintained clean in preparation for a metal coating on the rim. The rim may be baked in a vacuum furnace to drive off the volitiles and water vapor, and a thin metal coating is applied over the entire rim to retard outgassing from the resin in the flywheel composite rim. The metal coating on flywheel rim is preferably aluminum because aluminum adheres well to epoxy and is economical. The metal coating is deposited on the flywheel rim by physical vapor deposition and may be built up after an initial PVD coating by electroplating. A tough protective polymer is applied over the metal coating to protect metal coating from mechanical damage during handling.

Abstract translation: 复合飞轮转子包括安装在轮毂上的环形轮缘，用于在抽空的飞轮壳体中进行高速旋转。 将平滑的环氧树脂层施加到边缘上并且被清洁或保持清洁以准备在边缘上的金属涂层。 轮辋可以在真空炉中烘烤以驱除挥发物和水蒸汽，并且在整个轮缘上施加薄金属涂层以阻止从飞轮复合轮辋中的树脂的脱气。 飞轮轮缘上的金属涂层优选为铝，因为铝很好地粘合到环氧树脂上并且是经济的。 金属涂层通过物理气相沉积沉积在飞轮轮缘上，并且可以在通过电镀的初始PVD涂层之后建立。 在金属涂层上施加坚韧的保护性聚合物，以保护金属涂层在处理过程中免受机械损伤。

公开(公告)号：US06727616B1

公开(公告)日：2004-04-27

申请号：US10005825

申请日：2001-11-08

Applicant: Christopher W. Gabrys ,  David R. Campbell

Inventor： Christopher W. Gabrys ,  David R. Campbell

IPC: H02K709

CPC classification number: F16C32/0427 ,  F16C32/0402 ,  F16C32/0417 ,  F16C39/06 ,  F16C2361/55 ,  F16F15/3156 ,  H02K7/025 ,  H02K7/083 ,  H02K7/09 ,  Y02E60/16

Abstract: A flywheel energy storage system includes an energy storage flywheel supported for rotation about a substantially vertical axis on a combination bearing system comprised of a mechanical and a magnetic bearing. A motor and generator accelerates and decelerates the flywheel for storing and retrieving energy. The mechanical bearing is located at one axial end of the flywheel and provides axial downward force to the flywheel and is connected to the mechanical rolling element bearing using a low radial stiffness connecting element. The magnetic bearing is located at the axial end of the flywheel opposite the end with the mechanical bearing and provides axial upward force to support the weight of the flywheel, and also provides passive magnetic radial centering force to the flywheel.

Abstract translation: 飞轮能量存储系统包括一个能量存储飞轮，该能量存储飞轮被支撑用于围绕包括机械和磁轴承的组合轴承系统上的基本垂直的轴线旋转。 电动机和发电机加速和减速飞轮以储存和回收能量。 机械轴承位于飞轮的一个轴向端，并向飞轮提供轴向向下的力，并使用低径向刚度连接元件连接到机械滚动元件轴承。 磁性轴承位于飞轮的轴向端部，与机械轴承的端部相对，并提供轴向向上的力以支撑飞轮的重量，并且还向飞轮提供被动磁力径向对中力。

公开(公告)号：US06703735B1

公开(公告)日：2004-03-09

申请号：US10053150

申请日：2001-11-02

Applicant: Christopher W. Gabrys

Inventor： Christopher W. Gabrys

IPC: H02K709

CPC classification number: F16C32/0465 ,  F16C32/0476 ,  F16C2361/55 ,  H02K7/09

Abstract: An active magnetic thrust bearing, acting on only a single axial side of a rotor, while also having an efficient permanent magnet bias for linearized and highly amplified control, uses two concentric ring poles that axially face a ferromagnetic axial surface of the rotor, creating two annular axial air gaps. A permanent magnet in the stator drives a bias flux through a first path including two radially spaced concentric ring poles and their air gaps, and an annular region of the rotor axially aligned between the two ring poles. The permanent magnet also drives flux through a second high-reluctance flux path in the stator, by-passing the rotor. An electromagnetic coil in the stator drives a control flux in a circuit including the second path, both ring poles and axial air gaps, and the shunt. The bias and control fluxes are therefore superposed in the axial air gaps for amplified response.

Abstract translation: 作用于转子的单个轴向侧面的主动磁力推力轴承同时具有用于线性化和高度放大的控制的有效的永久磁铁偏压，使用两个轴向面对转子的铁磁轴向表面的同心圆柱，产生两个 环形轴向气隙。 定子中的永磁体通过包括两个径向间隔开的同心圆极和它们的空气间隙的第一路径以及在两个环形极之间轴向对准的转子的环形区域来驱动偏置磁通。 永磁体还驱动磁通通过定子中的第二高磁阻磁通路径，绕过转子。 定子中的电磁线圈驱动包括第二路径，两个环极和轴向气隙的电路中的控制磁通和分流。 因此，偏置和控制通量叠加在轴向气隙中用于放大响应。

公开(公告)号：US06630761B1

公开(公告)日：2003-10-07

申请号：US09927307

申请日：2001-08-10

Applicant: Christopher W. Gabrys

Inventor： Christopher W. Gabrys

IPC: H02K709

CPC classification number: F16C27/04 ,  F16C32/0489 ,  F16C39/02 ,  F16C39/06 ,  F16C2361/55 ,  F16F1/362 ,  F16F15/315 ,  H02K7/025 ,  H02K7/083 ,  H02K7/09 ,  Y02E60/16

Abstract: A combination mechanical and magnetic support system for a flywheel power supply for storing and retrieving energy in which said power supply includes a flywheel that spins about an axis of rotation inside an evacuated chamber, and an attached motor/generator for accelerating and decelerating the flywheel for storing and retrieving the energy. One or more rolling element bearings and at least one magnetic bearing are mounted in bearing housings attached to the chamber for providing radial and axial support for the flywheel in the chamber. A wire metal mesh spring damper between portions of the rolling element bearings and the bearing housings provide both radial damping and radial centering stiffness to the wheel. The support system has a radial stiffness that allows a cylindrical rigid body resonance of said flywheel to occur at a speed less 30% of the normal operating speed. The magnetic bearings support at least than 80% of the weight of the flywheel, thereby substantially extending the life the of the rolling element bearings.

Abstract translation: 一种用于飞轮电源的用于存储和回收能量的组合的机械和磁性支撑系统，其中所述电源包括围绕抽真空室内的旋转轴线旋转的飞轮，以及用于加速和减速所述飞轮的附接的电动机/发电机， 存储和检索能量。 一个或多个滚动元件轴承和至少一个磁性轴承安装在附接到腔室的轴承壳体中，以为腔室中的飞轮提供径向和轴向支撑。 在滚动元件轴承和轴承座的部分之间的金属丝网弹簧阻尼器为轮提供径向阻尼和径向定心刚度。 支撑系统具有径向刚度，其允许所述飞轮的圆柱形刚体共振以低于正常操作速度的30％的速度发生。 磁轴承支撑飞轮重量的至少80％，从而大大延长了滚动体轴承的使用寿命。