公开(公告)号：US20070165596A1

公开(公告)日：2007-07-19

申请号：US11334678

申请日：2006-01-18

申请人： William Boyd ,  Douglas Freimuth ,  William Holland ,  Steven Hunter ,  Renato Recio ,  Steven Thurber ,  Madeline Vega

发明人： William Boyd ,  Douglas Freimuth ,  William Holland ,  Steven Hunter ,  Renato Recio ,  Steven Thurber ,  Madeline Vega

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  H04L12/56

CPC分类号： G06F13/4022 ,  H04L45/00 ,  H04L45/54

摘要： A method is provided for creating and managing tables for routing packets through an environment that includes multiple hosts and shared PCI switches and adapters. A Destination Identification (DID) field in the PBA is appended to a transaction packet dispatched through the PCI switches, wherein a particular DID is associated with a particular host or system image, and thus identifies the physical or virtual end point of its packet. In one embodiment, packets are routed through PCI switches in a distributed computer system comprising multiple root nodes, wherein each root node includes one or more hosts. The embodiment includes the step of creating a table or like data structure in a specified one of the switches. When a particular host of one of the root nodes becomes connected to the specified switch, a PCI Configuration Master (PCM), residing in one of the root nodes, is operated to enter a destination identifier or DID into the table. The DID is then appended as an address component, to packets directed through the specified switch from the particular host to one of the adapters. The destination identifier is also used to determine that a PCI packet, routed through the specified switch from one of the adapters, is intended for the particular root node.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种创建和管理表以通过包括多个主机和共享PCI交换机和适配器的环境路由数据包的方法。 PBA中的目的地标识（DID）字段附加到通过PCI交换机分派的事务分组，其中特定的DID与特定主机或系统映像相关联，并且因此标识其分组的物理或虚拟终点。 在一个实施例中，分组通过包括多个根节点的分布式计算机系统中的PCI交换机路由，其中​​每个根节点包括一个或多个主机。 该实施例包括在指定的一个开关中创建表或类似数据结构的步骤。 当一个根节点的特定主机连接到指定的交换机时，驻留在其中一个根节点的PCI配置主机（PCM）被操作以在表中输入目的地标识符或DID。 然后，将DID作为地址组件附加到通过指定的交换机从特定主机引导到其中一个适配器的数据包。 目的地标识符还用于确定通过指定交换机从其中一个适配器路由的PCI数据包是针对特定根节点的。

公开(公告)号：US20060015618A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-19

申请号：US10891196

申请日：2004-07-14

申请人： Douglas Freimuth ,  Elbert Hu ,  Ronald Mraz ,  Erich Nahum ,  Prashant Pradhan ,  Sambit Sahu ,  John Tracey

发明人： Douglas Freimuth ,  Elbert Hu ,  Ronald Mraz ,  Erich Nahum ,  Prashant Pradhan ,  Sambit Sahu ,  John Tracey

IPC分类号： G06F15/173

CPC分类号： H04L49/9052 ,  G06F12/0862 ,  H04L47/621 ,  H04L49/90 ,  H04L49/9063

摘要： A number of improvements in network adapters that offload protocol processing from the host processor are provided. Specifically, an improved mechanism for handling receipt of data packets in a system utilizing an offload network adapter. The offload network adapter may include logic that permits the offload network adapter to delay notification of data reception to the host system in different ways. The advantage of delaying the notice of data packet reception to the host system is the potential for aggregation of several data packets, which can arrive immediately after the first one, for example, in a single notification. Given a stream with continuous data packet arrival, a value may be set, either statically or dynamically, for notification delay and this value may be configurable for the host system per communication socket.

公开(公告)号：US20050050187A1

公开(公告)日：2005-03-03

申请号：US10654069

申请日：2003-09-03

申请人： Douglas Freimuth ,  Ronald Mraz ,  Erich Nahum ,  Prashant Pradhan ,  Sambit Sahu ,  John Tracey

发明人： Douglas Freimuth ,  Ronald Mraz ,  Erich Nahum ,  Prashant Pradhan ,  Sambit Sahu ,  John Tracey

IPC分类号： H04L12/56 ,  G06F15/173

CPC分类号： H04L47/822 ,  H04L47/15 ,  H04L47/26 ,  H04L47/283 ,  H04L47/29 ,  H04L47/70 ,  H04L47/745

摘要： A mechanism for bottleneck avoidance is provided in an intelligent adapter. The mechanism allows the adapter to be used such that host/adapter system throughput is optimized. The bottleneck avoidance mechanism of the present invention determines when the adapter becomes a bottleneck. If certain conditions exist, then new connections are refused so that the adapter can process packets for existing connections. If certain other conditions exist, the adapter may migrate workload to the host processor for processing. These conditions may be determined by comparing memory usage or central processing unit usage to predetermined thresholds. Alternatively, the conditions may be determined by comparing adapter response time to host response time.

摘要翻译： 在智能适配器中提供了避免瓶颈的机制。 该机制允许使用适配器，使得主机/适配器系统吞吐量被优化。 本发明的瓶颈避免机制确定适配器何时成为瓶颈。 如果存在某些条件，则拒绝新的连接，以便适配器可以处理现有连接的数据包。 如果存在某些其他条件，则适配器可能会将工作负载迁移到主机处理器进行处理。 这些条件可以通过将存储器使用或中央处理单元使用与预定阈值进行比较来确定。 或者，可以通过将适配器响应时间与主机响应时间进行比较来确定条件。

公开(公告)号：US20070097950A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-03

申请号：US11260621

申请日：2005-10-27

申请人： William Boyd ,  Douglas Freimuth ,  William Holland ,  Steven Hunter ,  Renato Recio ,  Steven Thurber ,  Madeline Vega

发明人： William Boyd ,  Douglas Freimuth ,  William Holland ,  Steven Hunter ,  Renato Recio ,  Steven Thurber ,  Madeline Vega

IPC分类号： H04L12/28

CPC分类号： G06F13/4022 ,  H04L29/1283 ,  H04L61/6018

摘要： Method and system for address routing in a distributed computing system, such as a distributed computing system that uses PCI Express protocol to communicate over an I/O fabric. A destination identifier is provided to identify a physical or virtual host or end point. When a physical or virtual host or end point receives a PCI data packet it compares a list of source identifiers with destination identifiers to determine if a source identifier included in the transaction packet is associated with a destination identifier included in the transaction packet to determine if the transaction packet has a valid association. If the transaction packet has a valid association, it is routed to the target device. The present invention enables each host that attaches to PCI bridges or switches and shares a set of common PCI devices to have its own PCI 64-bit address space and enables the routing of PCI transaction packets between multiple hosts and adapters, through a PCI switched-fabric bus using a destination identifier.

摘要翻译： 分布式计算系统中的地址路由方法和系统，例如使用PCI Express协议通过I / O架构进行通信的分布式计算系统。 提供目的地标识符以标识物理或虚拟主机或终点。 当物理或虚拟主机或终点接收到PCI数据分组时，将源标识符的列表与目的地标识符进行比较，以确定包括在事务分组中的源标识符是否与包括在事务分组中的目的地标识符相关联，以确定是否 事务包具有有效的关联。 如果事务包具有有效关联，则将其路由到目标设备。 本发明使得连接到PCI网桥或交换机并且共享一组公共PCI设备的每个主机能够具有其自己的PCI 64位地址空间，并且能够通过PCI交换机地址在多个主机和适配器之间路由PCI事务包， Fabric总线使用目的地标识符。

公开(公告)号：US20070097949A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-03

申请号：US11260618

申请日：2005-10-27

申请人： William Boyd ,  Douglas Freimuth ,  William Holland ,  Steven Hunter ,  Renato Recio ,  Steven Thurber ,  Madeline Vega

发明人： William Boyd ,  Douglas Freimuth ,  William Holland ,  Steven Hunter ,  Renato Recio ,  Steven Thurber ,  Madeline Vega

IPC分类号： G06F13/00 ,  H04L12/28

CPC分类号： G06F13/4022

摘要： A method is directed to use of a master root node, in a distributed computer system provided with multiple root nodes, to control the configuration of routings through an I/O switched-fabric. One of the root nodes is designated as the master root node or PCI Configuration Manager (PCM), and is operable to carry out the configuration while each of the other root nodes remains in a quiescent or inactive state. In one useful embodiment pertaining to a system of the above type, that includes multiple root nodes, PCI switches, and PCI adapters available for sharing by different root nodes, a method is provided wherein the master root node is operated to configure routings through the PCI switches. Respective routings are configured between respective root nodes and the PCI adapters, wherein each of the configured routings corresponds to only one of the root nodes. A particular root node is enabled to access each of the PCI adapters that are included in any configured routing that corresponds to the particular root node. At the same time, the master root node writes into a particular root node only the configured routings that correspond to the particular root node. Thus, the particular root node is prevented from accessing an adapter that is not included in its corresponding routings.

摘要翻译： 一种方法涉及在具有多个根节点的分布式计算机系统中使用主根节点来控制通过I / O交换结构的路由的配置。 一个根节点被指定为主根节点或PCI配置管理器（PCM），并且可操作以在每个其他根节点保持处于静态或非活动状态的同时执行配置。 在与上述类型的系统相关的一个有用的实施例中，其包括可用于不同根节点共享的多个根节点，PCI交换机和PCI适配器，提供了一种方法，其中主根节点被操作以配置通过PCI的路由 开关。 相应的路由被配置在相应的根节点和PCI适配器之间，其中每个配置的路由仅对应于根节点之一。 特定根节点能够访问包含在与特定根节点对应的任何配置的路由中的每个PCI适配器。 同时，主根节点将特定根节点只写入与特定根节点对应的已配置路由。 因此，防止特定根节点访问未包括在其对应的路由中的适配器。

公开(公告)号：US20070097871A1

公开(公告)日：2007-05-03

申请号：US11260619

申请日：2005-10-27

申请人： William Boyd ,  Douglas Freimuth ,  William Holland ,  Steven Hunter ,  Renato Recio ,  Steven Thurber ,  Madeline Vega

发明人： William Boyd ,  Douglas Freimuth ,  William Holland ,  Steven Hunter ,  Renato Recio ,  Steven Thurber ,  Madeline Vega

IPC分类号： H04J3/14

CPC分类号： G06F11/0775 ,  G06F11/0712 ,  G06F11/0724 ,  G06F11/0784

摘要： A method and apparatus is provided for routing error messages in a distributed computer system comprising multiple root nodes, and further comprising one or more PCI switches and one or more I/O adapters, wherein each root node includes one or more system images. In one useful embodiment, a method is provided for routing I/O error messages to root nodes respectively associated with the errors contained in the messages. The method includes detecting occurrence of an error at a specified one of the adapters, wherein the error affects one of the system images, and generating an error message at the specified adapter. The method further comprises routing the error message from the specified adapter to the particular root node that includes the affected system image. The error message is then selectively processed at the particular root node, in order to identify the affected system image. Usefully, the step of routing the error message includes using a bus/device/function number associated with the error, together with a routing table located in one of the PCI switches, to route the error message to the correct root node and system image.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于在包括多个根节点的分布式计算机系统中路由错误消息的方法和装置，并且还包括一个或多个PCI交换机和一个或多个I / O适配器，其中每个根节点包括一个或多个系统映像。 在一个有用的实施例中，提供了一种用于将I / O错误消息路由到分别与消息中包含的错误相关联的根节点的方法。 该方法包括检测指定的一个适配器中的错误的发生，其中该错误影响系统映像之一，并在指定的适配器处生成错误消息。 该方法还包括将错误消息从指定的适配器路由到包括受影响的系统映像的特定根节点。 然后在特定根节点处选择性地处理错误消息，以便识别受影响的系统映像。 有用的是，路由错误消息的步骤包括使用与错误相关联的总线/设备/功能号码以及位于其中一个PCI交换机中的路由表将错误消息路由到正确的根节点和系统映像。

公开(公告)号：US20060015651A1

公开(公告)日：2006-01-19

申请号：US10890978

申请日：2004-07-14

申请人： Douglas Freimuth ,  Elbert Hu ,  Ronald Mraz ,  Erich Nahum ,  Prashant Pradhan ,  Sambit Sahu ,  John Tracey

发明人： Douglas Freimuth ,  Elbert Hu ,  Ronald Mraz ,  Erich Nahum ,  Prashant Pradhan ,  Sambit Sahu ,  John Tracey

IPC分类号： G06F15/16

CPC分类号： G06F13/30

摘要： A number of improvements in network adapters that offload protocol processing from the host processor are provided. Specifically, mechanisms for handling memory management and optimization within a system utilizing an offload network adapter are provided. The memory management mechanism permits both buffered sending and receiving of data as well as zero-copy sending and receiving of data. In addition, the memory management mechanism permits grouping of DMA buffers that can be shared among specified connections based on any number of attributes. The memory management mechanism further permits partial send and receive buffer operation, delaying of DMA requests so that they may be communicated to the host system in bulk, and expedited transfer of data to the host system.

摘要翻译： 提供了从主机处理器卸载协议处理的网络适配器的许多改进。 具体地说，提供了利用卸载网络适配器在系统内处理存储器管理和优化的机制。 存储器管理机制允许数据的缓冲发送和接收以及零拷贝发送和接收数据。 此外，存储器管理机制允许基于任何数量的属性对可以在指定连接之间共享的DMA缓冲器进行分组。 存储器管理机制进一步允许部分发送和接收缓冲器操作，延迟DMA请求，使得它们可以批量地传送到主机系统，并且将数据快速传送到主机系统。

公开(公告)号：US06968358B2

公开(公告)日：2005-11-22

申请号：US10205024

申请日：2002-07-25

申请人： Douglas Freimuth ,  Roland Mraz ,  Erich M. Nahum ,  Prashant Pradhan ,  Sambit Sahu ,  John Michael Tracey

发明人： Douglas Freimuth ,  Roland Mraz ,  Erich M. Nahum ,  Prashant Pradhan ,  Sambit Sahu ,  John Michael Tracey

IPC分类号： G06F9/46 ,  G06F12/00 ,  G06F15/16 ,  G06F15/167

CPC分类号： G06F9/544

摘要： A method, apparatus, and computer instructions for transferring data objects. A request for a data object is received at a communication adapter. A determination is made as to whether the data object is stored in a memory in the communication adapter in response to receiving the request. The data object is transferred from the memory to a receiver of the data object through the communication adapter in which transfer of the data across a bus connecting the communication adapter to the data processing system is unnecessary in response to the data object being present in the memory.

摘要翻译： 一种用于传送数据对象的方法，装置和计算机指令。 在通信适配器处接收到对数据对象的请求。 响应于接收到请求，确定数据对象是否存储在通信适配器中的存储器中。 数据对象通过通信适配器从存储器传送到数据对象的接收器，其中响应于存储在存储器中的数据对象，不需要通过连接通信适配器到数据处理系统的总线的数据传输 。

公开(公告)号：US20070183393A1

公开(公告)日：2007-08-09

申请号：US11348903

申请日：2006-02-07

申请人： William Boyd ,  Douglas Freimuth ,  William Holland ,  Steven Hunter ,  Renato Recio ,  Steven Thurber ,  Madeline Vega

发明人： William Boyd ,  Douglas Freimuth ,  William Holland ,  Steven Hunter ,  Renato Recio ,  Steven Thurber ,  Madeline Vega

IPC分类号： H04L12/28 ,  G06F13/00

CPC分类号： H04L45/60 ,  H04L49/15 ,  H04L49/25 ,  H04L49/3009

摘要： A computer-implemented method, apparatus, and computer program product are disclosed in a data processing environment that includes host computer systems that are coupled to adapters utilizing a switched fabric for routing packets between the host computer systems and the adapters. A unique destination identifier is assigned to one of the host computer systems. A portion of a standard format packet destination address is selected. Within a particular packet, the portion is set equal to the unique identifier that is assigned to the host computer system. The particular packet is then routed through the fabric to the host computer system using the unique destination identifier.

摘要翻译： 计算机实现的方法，装置和计算机程序产品在数据处理环境中公开，该数据处理环境包括主机计算机系统，该主机计算机系统利用交换结构耦合到适配器，用于在主计算机系统和适配器之间路由分组。 将唯一的目标标识符分配给其中一个主机系统。 选择标准格式分组目的地地址的一部分。 在特定分组内，该部分被设置为等于分配给主计算机系统的唯一标识符。 然后，使用唯一的目的地标识符将特定数据包通过结构路由到主机计算机系统。

公开(公告)号：US20070136458A1

公开(公告)日：2007-06-14

申请号：US11301109

申请日：2005-12-12

申请人： William Boyd ,  Douglas Freimuth ,  William Holland ,  Steven Hunter ,  Renato Recio ,  Steven Thurber ,  Madeline Vega

发明人： William Boyd ,  Douglas Freimuth ,  William Holland ,  Steven Hunter ,  Renato Recio ,  Steven Thurber ,  Madeline Vega

IPC分类号： G06F15/173

CPC分类号： G06F15/17375

摘要： A PCI control manager provides address translation protection tables in switches in a PCI fabric. The PCI control manager discovers the fabric and provides a virtual tree for each root complex. A system administrator may then remove endpoints that do not communicate with the root complex to configure the PCI fabric. The PCI control manager then provides updated ATPT tables to the switches. When a host or adapter is added, the master PCM goes through the discovery process and the ATPT tables and adapter routing tables are modified to reflect the change in configuration. The master PCM can query the ATPT tables and adapter routing tables to determine what is in the configuration. The master PCM can also destroy entries in the ATPT tables and adapter routing tables when a device is removed from the configuration and those entries are no longer valid.

摘要翻译： PCI控制管理器在PCI结构中的交换机中提供地址转换保护表。 PCI控制管理器发现结构，并为每个根组合提供一个虚拟树。 然后，系统管理员可以删除不与根组合通信的端点，以配置PCI结构。 然后，PCI控制管理器向交换机提供更新的ATPT表。 当添加主机或适配器时，主PCM通过发现过程，并修改了ATPT表和适配器路由表，以反映配置的变化。 主PCM可以查询ATPT表和适配器路由表，以确定配置中的内容。 当设备从配置中删除并且这些条目不再有效时，主PCM也可以销毁ATPT表和适配器路由表中的条目。