公开(公告)号：US4132599A

公开(公告)日：1979-01-02

申请号：US680015

申请日：1976-04-23

申请人： James C. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Fletcher ,  Grace L. Picciolo ,  Emmett W. Chappelle ,  Jody W. Deming ,  Christian G. Shrock ,  Hillar Vellend ,  Michael J. Barza ,  Louis Weinstein

发明人： James C. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Fletcher ,  Grace L. Picciolo ,  Emmett W. Chappelle ,  Jody W. Deming ,  Christian G. Shrock ,  Hillar Vellend ,  Michael J. Barza ,  Louis Weinstein

IPC分类号： C12Q1/18 ,  C12K1/00

CPC分类号： C12Q1/18

摘要： Method for the quick determination of the susceptibilities of various unidentified bacteria contained in an aqueous physiological fluid sample, particularly urine, to one or more antibiotics. A bacterial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) assay is carried out after the elimination of non-bacterial ATP to determine whether an infection exists. If an infection does exist, a portion of the sample is further processed, including subjecting parts of the portion to one or more antibiotics. Growth of the bacteria in the parts are determined, again by an ATP assay, to determine whether the unidentified bacteria in the sample are susceptible to the antibiotic or antibiotics under test.

摘要翻译： 用于快速测定包含在水性生理液体样品，特别是尿液中的各种不明细菌对一种或多种抗生素的敏感性的方法。 在消除非细菌ATP后进行细菌三磷酸腺苷（ATP）测定以确定是否存在感染。 如果感染确实存在，则进一步处理样品的一部分，包括将该部分的部分经受一种或多种抗生素。 通过ATP测定法再次测定部分中细菌的生长，以确定样品中未鉴定的细菌是否对被测抗生素或抗生素敏感。

公开(公告)号：US4014745A

公开(公告)日：1977-03-29

申请号：US572991

申请日：1975-04-30

申请人： James C. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Fletcher ,  Emmett W. Chappelle ,  Grace L. Picciolo ,  Hillar Vellend ,  Stephanie A. Tuttle ,  Michael J. Barza ,  Louis Weinstein

发明人： James C. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Fletcher ,  Emmett W. Chappelle ,  Grace L. Picciolo ,  Hillar Vellend ,  Stephanie A. Tuttle ,  Michael J. Barza ,  Louis Weinstein

IPC分类号： C12Q1/18 ,  C12K1/04

CPC分类号： C12Q1/18 ,  Y10S435/822 ,  Y10S435/849 ,  Y10S435/852 ,  Y10S435/873 ,  Y10S435/875 ,  Y10S435/881 ,  Y10S435/883 ,  Y10S435/884

摘要： The susceptibility of bacteria, particularly those derived from body fluids, to antimicrobial agents is determined in terms of an ATP index measured by culturing a bacterium in a growth medium, assaying the amount of ATP in a sample of the cultured bacterium by measuring the amount of luminescent light emitted when the bacterial ATP is reacted with a luciferase-luciferin mixture, subjecting the sample of the cultured bacterium to an antibiotic agent and assaying the amount of bacterial adenosine triphosphate after treatment with the antibiotic by measuring the luminescent light resulting from the reaction, whereby the ATP index is determined from the values obtained from the assay procedures.

摘要翻译： 根据通过在生长培养基中培养细菌测量的ATP指数来确定细菌，特别是来自体液的细菌对抗微生物剂的敏感性，通过测量培养细菌样品中的ATP量来测定培养细菌的量 当细菌ATP与荧光素酶 - 萤光素混合物反应时发出的发光，将培养细菌的样品经受抗生素试剂，并通过测量由反应产生的发光，测定用抗生素处理后的细菌三磷酸腺苷的量， 由此根据从测定程序获得的值确定ATP指数。

公开(公告)号：US5412219A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-02

申请号：US155605

申请日：1993-11-22

申请人： Emmett W. Chappelle ,  Craig S. T. Daughtry ,  James E. McMurtrey, III

发明人： Emmett W. Chappelle ,  Craig S. T. Daughtry ,  James E. McMurtrey, III

IPC分类号： G01N21/64

CPC分类号： G01N21/64 ,  G01N2021/1797 ,  G01N2021/6417

摘要： An improved method for detecting, measuring, and distinguishing crop residue, live vegetation, and mineral soil. By measuring fluorescence in multiple bands, live and dead vegetation are distinguished. The surface of the ground is illuminated with ultraviolet radiation, inducing fluorescence in certain molecules. The emitted fluorescent emission induced by the ultraviolet radiation is measured by means of a fluorescence detector, consisting of a photodetector or video camera and filters. The spectral content of the emitted fluorescent emission is characterized at each point sampled, and the proportion of the sampled area covered by residue or vegetation is calculated.

摘要翻译： 一种用于检测，测量和区分作物残留物，活植物和矿物土壤的改进方法。 通过测量多个频带的荧光，区分了活的和死的植被。 用紫外线照射地面，诱发某些分子的荧光。 通过由光电检测器或摄像机和滤波器组成的荧光检测器来测量由紫外线辐射引起的发射的荧光发射。 在每个采样点，表征发射的荧光发射的光谱含量，并计算由残留物或植被覆盖的采样面积的比例。

公开(公告)号：US3971703A

公开(公告)日：1976-07-27

申请号：US555641

申请日：1975-03-05

申请人： Grace L. Picciolo ,  Emmett W. Chappelle

发明人： Grace L. Picciolo ,  Emmett W. Chappelle

IPC分类号： C12Q1/06 ,  C12K1/00

CPC分类号： C12Q1/06

摘要： An improved method is provided for determining bacterial levels, especially in samples of aqueous physiological fluids, which method depends on the quantitative determination of bacterial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the presence of non-bacterial ATP. The bacterial ATP is released by cell rupture and is measured by an enzymatic bioluminescent assay. A concentration technique is included to make the method more sensitive. It is particularly useful where the fluid to be measured contains an unknown or low bacteria count.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种改进的方法来确定细菌水平，特别是在水性生理液体样品中，该方法取决于在非细菌ATP存在下细菌三磷酸腺苷（ATP）的定量测​​定。 细菌ATP通过细胞破裂释放，并通过酶生物发光测定来测量。 包括浓缩技术使该方法更加敏感。 当待测流体含有未知或低细菌数时，特别有用。

公开(公告)号：US4385113A

公开(公告)日：1983-05-24

申请号：US888434

申请日：1978-03-20

申请人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch ,  Emmett W. Chappelle ,  Grace L. Picciolo ,  Richard R. Thomas ,  Eldon L. Jeffers ,  Jody W. Deming

发明人： Robert A. Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, with respect to an invention of Frosch ,  Emmett W. Chappelle ,  Grace L. Picciolo ,  Richard R. Thomas ,  Eldon L. Jeffers ,  Jody W. Deming

IPC分类号： C12Q1/06 ,  C12Q1/66 ,  G01N21/76 ,  C12M1/34 ,  C12Q1/04 ,  C12Q3/00

CPC分类号： C12Q1/66 ,  C12Q1/06 ,  G01N21/76

摘要： A bioluminescent assay for ATP in water borne bacteria is made by adding nitric acid to a water sample with concentrated bacteria to rupture the bacterial cells. The sample is diluted with sterile, deionized water, then mixed with a luciferase-luciferin mixture and the resulting light output of the bioluminescent reaction is measured and correlated with bacteria present. A standard and a blank also are processed so that the light output can be correlated to bacteria in the sample and system "noise" can be substracted from the readings.A chemiluminescent assay for iron porphyrins in water borne bacteria is made by adding luminol reagent to a water sample with concentrated bacteria and measuring the resulting light output of the chemiluminescent reaction. The light output is correlated with bacteria present. A standard and a blank are also processed so that the light output can be correlated to bacteria in the sample and system "noise" can be subtracted from the readings. Modifications may be made in the methodology to differentiate between live and dead bacteria.An automatic system automatically performs a biolumenscent ATP assay on a concentrated bacterial sample. Reservoirs are provided for the sample, standard and blank. These are sequentially mixed with nitric acid from a reservoir by using two channels of a peristaltic pump. This acid mixture is then mixed with sterile, dionized water from another reservoir using two additional channels of a peristaltic pump and the resulting mixture is then mixed with a luciferase-luciferin mixture from an additional reservoir by employing two more channels of a peristaltic pump. The resulting solution flows through a photometer which indicates the level of the bioluminescent light reaction.

摘要翻译： 通过向浓缩细菌的水样中加入硝酸来破坏细菌细胞，可以对水中细菌中的ATP进行生物发光测定。 将样品用无菌的去离子水稀释，然后与萤光素酶 - 萤光素混合物混合，并测量所得到的生物发光反应的光输出并与存在的细菌相关。 标准和空白也被处理，使得光输出可以与样品中的细菌相关联，并且系统可以从读数中减去“噪声”。 通过向浓缩细菌的水样品中加入鲁米诺试剂并测量化学发光反应的所得光输出，从而制备水性细菌中铁卟啉的化学发光测定法。 光输出与存在的细菌相关。 还处理标准和空白，使得光输出可以与样品中的细菌相关，并且系统可以从读数中减去“噪声”。 修改方法可以区分活细菌和死细菌。 自动系统在浓缩的细菌样品上自动执行生物发光ATP测定。 为样品，标准品和空白提供储存。 通过使用两个通道的蠕动泵将它们从储存器依次与硝酸混合。 然后将这种酸混合物与来自另一个储存器的无菌的，去离子水混合使用两个另外的蠕动泵通道，然后通过使用另外两个蠕动泵通道将所得混合物与来自另外的储存器的荧光素酶荧光素混合物混合。 所得溶液流过表示生物发光光反应水平的光度计。