公开(公告)号：US20060187097A1

公开(公告)日：2006-08-24

申请号：US11064161

申请日：2005-02-23

申请人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Hans Weedon

发明人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Hans Weedon

IPC分类号： H03M3/00

CPC分类号： H03M3/496

摘要： A sigma delta analog to digital converter of the type adapted to be connected to a capacitive current input device, comprises: a sigma delta modulator having an input; and a flying capacitor constructed so as to be connected between the input of the sigma delta modulator and the capacitive current input device. In a preferred embodiment, the converter includes an input stage having an input coupled to the flying capacitor; a feedback path; a digital to analog converter (DAC) disposed in the feedback path and having a DAC output; and a DAC output capacitor and a second switch for alternately switching the DAC output capacitor between a first connection so as to transfer a signal from the output of the digital to analog converter to the DAC output capacitor and a second connection so as to transfer a signal from the DAC output capacitor to the input of the sigma delta modulator. The flying capacitor includes a charging capacitor and a flying capacitor switch, the flying capacitor being constructed so as to be alternately switched between a first connection so as to transfer a signal from the capacitive current input device to the charging capacitor and a second connection so as to transfer a signal from the charging capacitor to the input of the sigma delta modulator. The switching frequency of both switches is preferably operated at the same frequency fs so as to define a common switching cycle for both the flying capacitor switch and the second switch, and synchronized so that the flying capacitor switch and the second switch are each switched to the first connection during one phase of the switching cycle and switched to the second connection during a second phase of the switching cycle. The converter has particular utility for any device having capacitive current input devices, such as CAT scanner detectors and electret microphones. The disclosure also describes and claims a method of converting a current provided by a capacitive current input device to a digital signal using a sigma delta analog to digital converter.

公开(公告)号：US06823086B1

公开(公告)日：2004-11-23

申请号：US09651529

申请日：2000-08-29

申请人： Enrico Dolazza

发明人： Enrico Dolazza

IPC分类号： G06K940

CPC分类号： G06T5/002 ,  G06T5/20

摘要： A system for adaptively filtering an image so as to reduce a noise component associated with the image includes an image analyzer for determining image parameters related to the image. The system also includes a spatial filter, having an adjustable kernel responsive to the image parameters, for filtering the image sequence. The image analyzer manipulates the filter kernel as a function of the image parameters so that the system produces a filtered image, adaptable in real time, as a function of the unfiltered image, external rules, predetermined constraints, or combinations thereof. The spatial filter includes a time-invariant section and an adaptable section. The time-invariant section preferably applies a plurality of filters to the image, each of the filters having a distinct frequency response, so as to produce a plurality of distinct filtered outputs. The adaptable section scales each of the plurality of distinct filtered outputs with a corresponding distinct weighting value to produce a plurality of scaled filtered outputs, and combines the plurality of scaled filtered outputs to produce a composite filtered output.

摘要翻译： 用于自适应地过滤图像以减少与图像相关联的噪声分量的系统包括用于确定与图像相关的图像参数的图像分析器。 该系统还包括空间滤波器，具有响应于图像参数的可调核，用于对图像序列进行滤波。 图像分析器根据图像参数来操纵滤波器核心，使得系统根据未滤波图像，外部规则，预定约束或其组合产生可实时适应的滤波图像。 空间滤波器包括时不变部分和适应部分。 时不变部分优选地对图像应用多个滤波器，每个滤波器具有不同的频率响应，以便产生多个不同的滤波输出。 可适应部分用对应的不同加权值缩放多个不同的滤波输出中的每一个，以产生多个缩放滤波的输出，并组合多个经缩放的滤波输出以产生复合滤波输出。

公开(公告)号：US5220203A

公开(公告)日：1993-06-15

申请号：US616437

申请日：1990-11-21

申请人： Richard H. McMorrow, Jr. ,  Hans Weedon ,  Enrico Dolazza

发明人： Richard H. McMorrow, Jr. ,  Hans Weedon ,  Enrico Dolazza

IPC分类号： H03K3/017 ,  H03K5/04 ,  H03K7/08

CPC分类号： H03K5/04 ,  H03K7/08

摘要： A variable pulse width precision pulse generator includes a constant current source for producing a number of different constant currents; a charge storage device whose voltage output is proportional to the charge stored; and gating means responsive to an input signal for controlling the time during which the constant current source charges the charge storage device to produce a ramp voltage; a first comparator responsive to the voltage ramp for detecting a first level of the ramp; a second comparator responsive to the voltage ramp for detecting a second level of the ramp; and logic means responsive to the comparators for providing a precision pulse during the presence of the input signal between the occurrence of the detection of the first and second levels of the ramp by the comparators.

公开(公告)号：US20110235774A1

公开(公告)日：2011-09-29

申请号：US13131278

申请日：2008-11-26

申请人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Sorin Marcovici ,  Wei Zhao ,  Jonathan Greenspan ,  Luc Laperriere ,  Olivier Tousignant

发明人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Sorin Marcovici ,  Wei Zhao ,  Jonathan Greenspan ,  Luc Laperriere ,  Olivier Tousignant

IPC分类号： A61B6/03 ,  A61B6/02

CPC分类号： A61B6/4241 ,  A61B6/025 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/502 ,  G01T1/00 ,  G06T11/005 ,  G06T2211/436

摘要： Tomosynthesis data may be acquired from a radiation source that substantially continuously emits radiation while its position is varied relative to a photon counting x-ray detector. The detector detects photons comprised within the radiation and photon data indicative of the detected photons is generated. The photon data may comprise data related to a detected photon's detection time, detection location on the detector, energy level, and/or trajectory from the radiation source, for example. The photon data of various photons may be compiled into a plurality of bins and, through reconstruction and tomosynthesis techniques, produce synthesized images of various tomography planes of an object under examination. In this way, the tomosynthesis techniques rely on counting photons rather than measuring their energy to create synthesized images.

摘要翻译： 可以从辐射源获取重合成数据，所述辐射源基本上连续地发射辐射，同时其位置相对于光子计数X射线检测器变化。 检测器检测包含在辐射内的光子，并且产生指示检测到的光子的光子数据。 例如，光子数据可以包括与检测到的光子的检测时间，检测器上的检测位置，能级和/或来自辐射源的轨迹有关的数据。 各种光子的光子数据可以被编译成多个箱，并且通过重建和层析合成技术产生被检查物体的各种层析成像平面的合成图像。 以这种方式，断层合成技术依赖于计数光子而不是测量其能量以产生合成图像。

公开(公告)号：US07230555B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-12

申请号：US11064161

申请日：2005-02-23

申请人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Hans Weedon

发明人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Hans Weedon

IPC分类号： H03M3/00

CPC分类号： H03M3/496

摘要： A sigma delta analog to digital converter of the type adapted to be connected to a capacitive current input device, comprises: a sigma delta modulator having an input; and a flying capacitor constructed so as to be connected between the input of the sigma delta modulator and the capacitive current input device. In a preferred embodiment, the converter includes an input stage having an input coupled to the flying capacitor; a feedback path; a digital to analog converter (DAC) disposed in the feedback path and having a DAC output; and a DAC output capacitor and a second switch for alternately switching the DAC output capacitor between a first connection so as to transfer a signal from the output of the digital to analog converter to the DAC output capacitor and a second connection so as to transfer a signal from the DAC output capacitor to the input of the sigma delta modulator. The flying capacitor includes a charging capacitor and a flying capacitor switch, the flying capacitor being constructed so as to be alternately switched between a first connection so as to transfer a signal from the capacitive current input device to the charging capacitor and a second connection so as to transfer a signal from the charging capacitor to the input of the sigma delta modulator. The switching frequency of both switches is preferably operated at the same frequency fs so as to define a common switching cycle for both the flying capacitor switch and the second switch, and synchronized so that the flying capacitor switch and the second switch are each switched to the first connection during one phase of the switching cycle and switched to the second connection during a second phase of the switching cycle. The converter has particular utility for any device having capacitive current input devices, such as CAT scanner detectors and electret microphones. The disclosure also describes and claims a method of converting a current provided by a capacitive current input device to a digital signal using a sigma delta analog to digital converter.

公开(公告)号：US5935070A

公开(公告)日：1999-08-10

申请号：US1861

申请日：1997-12-31

申请人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Louis R. Poulo

发明人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Louis R. Poulo

IPC分类号： A61B8/00 ,  G01S7/52 ,  G01S7/523 ,  G10K11/34

CPC分类号： G01S7/52025 ,  G10K11/346 ,  G01S7/52046

摘要： An ultrasound beamformer that processes the signals of an array transducer includes a plurality of processing channels, one for each element of the active transducer array. Each channel includes a digitizing element for converting the received signal into digital samples and a delay element for delaying the digitized signal. The delays are chosen so that when the signals from the individual channels are combined, a beam forms in a particular direction. The invention implements sub-sampling period delays in the individual channels with low-complexity digital filters having superior delay characteristics with respect to frequency, but having undesirable attenuation characteristics with respect to frequency. The invention corrects for the undesirable attenuation characteristics via a single digital filter after the signals from the individual channels have been combined.

摘要翻译： 处理阵列换能器的信号的超声波束形成器包括多个处理通道，一个用于有源换能器阵列的每个元件。 每个通道包括用于将接收的信号转换成数字样本的数字化元件和用于延迟数字化信号的延迟元件。 选择延迟使得当来自各个通道的信号被组合时，波束在特定方向上形成。 本发明实现具有低复杂度数字滤波器的各个信道中的子采样周期延迟，其相对于频率具有优​​异的延迟特性，但是相对于频率具有不期望的衰减特性。 本发明通过单个数字滤波器在来自各个信道的信号已被组合之后校正不期望的衰减特性。

公开(公告)号：US5841829A

公开(公告)日：1998-11-24

申请号：US855207

申请日：1997-05-13

申请人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Hans Weedon

发明人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Hans Weedon

IPC分类号： A61B6/03 ,  H01J35/24

CPC分类号： A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4021 ,  H01J35/24 ,  Y10S378/901

摘要： An improved data acquisition system filter, optimized for the time domain and for use in a computed tomography scanner of the type using x-ray focal spot wobble, includes a filter time response F(t) which is a function of the waveform w(t) used to drive the focal spot from one position to the other.

摘要翻译： 改进的数据采集系统滤波器针对时域进行了优化，并且在使用X射线焦点摆动的计算机断层扫描仪中使用，包括滤波器时间响应F（t），其是波形w（t）的函数 ）用于将焦点从一个位置驱动到另一个位置。

公开(公告)号：US06996286B2

公开(公告)日：2006-02-07

申请号：US10021125

申请日：2001-10-30

申请人： Enrico Dolazza

发明人： Enrico Dolazza

IPC分类号： G06K9/40

CPC分类号： G06T5/20

摘要： A method of providing a spatially filtered version of an image by selectively modifying image pixel amplitudes as a predetermined function of spatial frequency components of the image pixels includes dividing an overall frequency range of the image into a plurality of constituent frequency ranges. The method provides, for each of the constituent frequency ranges, a spatial filter for receiving the image pixels and producing a filtered output representative of the spatial frequency components of the pixels that are within that constituent frequency range. The method further includes scaling each of the filtered outputs by a scaling factor specific to the associated spatial filter, so as to produce a scaled output. Finally, the method includes combining the scaled outputs to produce a composite output representative of the spatially filtered version of the image. The scaling factors may include a predetermined set of values for a particular filter response, or the scaling factors may be time-varying so that the filter response changes as a function of time.

公开(公告)号：US20050147205A1

公开(公告)日：2005-07-07

申请号：US10753920

申请日：2004-01-07

申请人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Oscar Khutoryansky

发明人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Oscar Khutoryansky

IPC分类号： A61B6/04

CPC分类号： A61B6/04 ,  A61B6/4028

摘要： A method of and system for decreasing X-ray exposure time in a full field digital mammography (FFDM) system is designed so that the size of the focal spot image in the image plane is dimensioned as a function of the linear size of the pixel of the digital detector of the detector array and of the geometrical magnification factor of the focal spot so that the modular transfer function is limited only by the pixel size.

摘要翻译： 设计了一种用于在全场数字乳腺X线照相术（FFDM）系统中减少X射线曝光时间的方法和系统，使得图像平面中的焦点图像的尺寸被确定为像素的像素的线性尺寸的函数 检测器阵列的数字检测器和焦点的几何放大因子，使得模块传递函数仅受像素尺寸的限制。

公开(公告)号：US5905692A

公开(公告)日：1999-05-18

申请号：US1452

申请日：1997-12-31

申请人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Michael Lachmayr ,  Louis R. Poulo

发明人： Enrico Dolazza ,  Michael Lachmayr ,  Louis R. Poulo

IPC分类号： G01N29/26 ,  A61B8/00 ,  G01S7/52 ,  G01S7/523 ,  G10K11/34 ,  G01N29/00

CPC分类号： G01S7/52095 ,  G01S7/52023 ,  G01S7/52046 ,  G10K11/345

摘要： An array transducer ultrasound beamformer includes a plurality of processing channels, one for each active element of the transducer array. Each channel includes a digitizing unit for converting the received signal to digital samples and a time multiplexed delay unit for producing a primary stream of delayed TDM samples corresponding to one or more beams. Within each channel, the primary stream of delayed TDM samples is demultiplexed in order to separate the stream in a plurality of secondary streams of delayed TDM samples, wherein each of the secondary streams corresponds to a portion of a beam or a single beam.

摘要翻译： 阵列换能器超声波束形成器包括多个处理通道，一个用于换能器阵列的每个有源元件。 每个通道包括用于将接收的信号转换为数字样本的数字化单元和用于产生对应于一个或多个波束的延迟TDM样本的主流的时间复用延迟单元。 在每个信道内，延迟的TDM样本的主流被多路分解，以便在延迟的TDM样本的多个次流中分离流，其中每个次流对应于波束或单个波束的一部分。