公开(公告)号：US5952660A

公开(公告)日：1999-09-14

申请号：US3502

申请日：1998-01-06

申请人： Berend J. Kip ,  Edo A. T. Peters ,  Jens Happel ,  Thomas Huth-Fehre ,  Frank Kowol

发明人： Berend J. Kip ,  Edo A. T. Peters ,  Jens Happel ,  Thomas Huth-Fehre ,  Frank Kowol

IPC分类号： G01J3/30 ,  G01J3/42 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N21/25

CPC分类号： G01J3/42 ,  G01J3/30 ,  G01N21/35 ,  G01N2201/0221 ,  G01N2201/08

摘要： A method and apparatus for use in the recycling of post consumer or post industrial waste carpet or Polyamide-6 and/or Polyamide-66 containing non-carpet waste utilizes a hand-held portable device utilizing spectroscopic principles to accurately and quickly identify the material of the waste (carpet). The spectrometer envisioned for this task includes an infrared radiation source for illuminating the waste (carpet) sample, a selector for selecting a predetermined number of discrete wavelengths and a detection system to detect reflected radiation within the discrete wavelengths. The selector can be either a plate with a plurality of slots which positionally correspond to locations in a dispersed light beam according to the predetermined discrete wavelengths or a plurality of filters selected to pass the discrete wavelengths. The selection of the discrete wavelengths can either take place before the carpet sample is irradiated or can take place by selecting the discrete wavelengths from reflected radiation.

摘要翻译： 用于回收消费后或后工业废弃地毯或聚酰胺-6和/或含有非地毯废物的聚酰胺66的方法和设备利用利用光谱原理的手持式便携式装置来准确和快速地识别 废物（地毯）。 设想用于该任务的光谱仪包括用于照亮废物（地毯）样品的红外辐射源，用于选择预定数量的离散波长的选择器和用于检测离散波长内的反射辐射的检测系统。 选择器可以是具有多个槽的板，所述槽与位置上对应于根据预定离散波长的分散光束中的位置或者选择用于通过离散波长的多个滤光器。 离散波长的选择可以在地毯样品被照射之前进行，或者可以通过从反射辐射中选择离散波长来进行。

公开(公告)号：US08075759B2

公开(公告)日：2011-12-13

申请号：US11472144

申请日：2006-06-21

申请人： Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Erich Junginger ,  Johannes Kanters ,  Thomas Moser ,  Frank Kowol ,  Reinhard Hein

发明人： Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Erich Junginger ,  Johannes Kanters ,  Thomas Moser ,  Frank Kowol ,  Reinhard Hein

IPC分类号： G01N27/409

CPC分类号： G01N27/419

摘要： A procedure to calculate the Lambda value with a wideband Lambda sensor of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle is thereby characterized, in that from the measured pumping electricity and the sensitivities of the wideband Lambda sensor as well as the gas concentration ratios, in the lean operation an oxygen concentration and in the rich operation an oxygen deficit are determined and from these respectively a conclusion is drawn about the Lambda value using the Pischinger Formula.

摘要翻译： 因此，用机动车辆的内燃机的宽带λ传感器计算λ值的过程的特征在于，从测量的泵浦电力和宽带λ传感器的灵敏度以及气体浓度比， 精炼操作是氧浓度，并且在富操作中，确定氧缺乏，并且从这些分别得出关于使用Pischinger公式的Lambda值的结论。

公开(公告)号：US06542239B1

公开(公告)日：2003-04-01

申请号：US09744326

申请日：2001-01-19

申请人： Thomas Huth-Fehre ,  Frank Kowol

发明人： Thomas Huth-Fehre ,  Frank Kowol

IPC分类号： G01J351

CPC分类号： G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/027

摘要： The invention relates to a method for testing the functionality of a spectrometer for faults comprising at least one radiation source, one filter arrangement for separating the radiation into different wavelength ranges, and one receiving arrangement. The invention also relates to a spectrometer comprising a fault recognition device. Reference values are generated at at least two different color temperatures of the radiation source and in the different wavelength ranges. Actual received signals at at least two color temperatures to be set are compared with the reference values in order to test the spectrometer. In the occurrence of variations, the type of variation is determined according to the wavelength ranges and the color temperatures, and definite faults are concluded from the type of variation.

摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于测试用于故障的光谱仪的功能性的方法，包括至少一个辐射源，用于将辐射分离成不同波长范围的一个滤波器装置和一个接收装置。 本发明还涉及一种包括故障识别装置的光谱仪。 参考值在辐射源的至少两个不同色温和不同波长范围内产生。 将要设置的至少两个色温的实际接收信号与参考值进行比较，以便测试光谱仪。 在变化的发生中，根据波长范围和色温来确定变化的类型，根据变化的类型确定确定的缺陷。

公开(公告)号：US20060289314A1

公开(公告)日：2006-12-28

申请号：US11472144

申请日：2006-06-21

申请人： Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Erich Junginger ,  Johannes Kanters ,  Thomas Moser ,  Frank Kowol ,  Reinhard Hein

发明人： Eberhard Schnaibel ,  Erich Junginger ,  Johannes Kanters ,  Thomas Moser ,  Frank Kowol ,  Reinhard Hein

IPC分类号： G01F1/64

CPC分类号： G01N27/419

摘要： A procedure to calculate the Lambda value with a wideband Lambda sensor of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle is thereby characterized, in that from the measured pumping electricity and the sensitivities of the wideband Lambda sensor as well as the gas concentration ratios, in the lean operation an oxygen concentration and in the rich operation an oxygen deficit are determined and from these respectively a conclusion is drawn about the Lambda value using the Pischinger Formula.

摘要翻译： 因此，用机动车辆的内燃机的宽带λ传感器计算λ值的过程的特征在于，从测量的泵浦电力和宽带λ传感器的灵敏度以及气体浓度比， 精炼操作是氧浓度，并且在富操作中，确定氧缺乏，并且从这些分别得出关于使用Pischinger公式的Lambda值的结论。

公开(公告)号：US06262419B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-17

申请号：US09101489

申请日：1998-09-01

申请人： Thomas Huth-Fehre ,  Frank Kowol ,  Roger Feldhoff ,  Thomas Kantimm

发明人： Thomas Huth-Fehre ,  Frank Kowol ,  Roger Feldhoff ,  Thomas Kantimm

IPC分类号： G01N2135

CPC分类号： G01N21/3563 ,  G01N33/44

摘要： In a process for recognizing organic substances in solids by measuring the spectram of the radiation which is reflected or transmitted, radiation with a wavelength between 2-4 &mgr;m is used and, for radiation of solids, unmodulated radiation is used. The radiation source should have an output of at least 50 W and the distance between the illumination optics from the solid being investigated should be at least 10 cm. Recognition is based on absorption bands of the extended oscillations of C—H bonds and sometimes the presence of absorption bands of N—H bonds. Broad band radiation is preferable for radiation of the solids, and the reflected or transmitted radiation is directed through a narrow band filter with adjustable transmission frequency. This can be advantageously formed with an acousto-optical filter.

摘要翻译： 在通过测量被反射或透射的辐射的光谱来识别固体中的有机物质的过程中，使用波长在2-4μm之间的辐射，并且对于固体辐射，使用未调制的辐射。 辐射源应具有至少50W的输出，并且来自被研究的实体的照明光学器件之间的距离应至少为10cm。 识别是基于C-H键的扩展振荡的吸收带，有时存在N-H键的吸收带。 宽带辐射对于固体的辐射是优选的，并且反射或透射的辐射被引导通过具有可调传输频率的窄带滤波器。 这可以有利地用声光滤波器形成。