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1.发明授权Process and apparatus for making phosphorus pentoxide with utilization of reaction heat 失效利用反应热制造五氧化二磷的工艺和装置
公开(公告)号：US4525329A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-25
申请号：US601027
申请日：1984-04-16
CPC分类号： C01B25/12 , B01J19/0013 , B01J2219/00094
摘要： The disclosure relates to a process for making phosphorus pentoxide by subjecting elemental yellow phosphorus to combustion with dried air inside a steel-made combustion chamber with utilization of the reaction heat for the production of energy. To this end, the disclosure provides for the combustion to be effected inside a combustion chamber of which the walls are arranged so as to form a cooling system with cavities therein; for a liquid or liquid/steam-mixture as a heat carrier abstracting the reaction heat to be circulated through the cooling system, the liquid or liquid/steam-mixture assuming an increased temperature being preferably so circulated under increased pressure; for steam formed in the cooling system to be continuously taken therefrom; for an equivalent proportion of fresh liquid to be introduced into the cooling system; for hot P.sub.2 O.sub.5 issuing in vapor form from the combustion chamber to be condensed or worked up into desirable final product, the combustion chamber being a cylindrical vessel with a height/diameter-ratio of 2.5:1 to 5:1 and having 1 to 10 burners disposed axisymmetrically in its circular base plate.The disclosure also relates to an apparatus for carrying out the process.
摘要翻译： 本公开内容涉及通过利用反应热用于生产能量的方法，通过使元素黄磷与干燥的空气在钢制燃烧室内燃烧来制备五氧化二磷的方法。 为此，本公开提供了在燃烧室内进行燃烧，其中壁的布置以便形成其中具有空腔的冷却系统; 对于作为热载体的液体或液体/蒸汽混合物，其提取要循环通过冷却系统的反应热，假设温度升高的液体或液体/蒸汽混合物优选在增加的压力下循环; 对于在冷却系统中形成的蒸汽连续从其中取出; 将相当比例的新鲜液体引入冷却系统; 对于来自燃烧室的蒸汽形式的热P2O5将被冷凝或加工成所需的最终产品，燃烧室是高度/直径比为2.5:1至5:1的圆柱形容器，并具有1至10个燃烧器 在其圆形基板中轴对称设置。 本公开还涉及一种用于执行该过程的装置。
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2.发明授权Process for removing phosphorus in vapor form and phosphanes from gas mixtures 失效从气体混合物中除去蒸汽形式的磷和磷烷的方法
公开(公告)号：US4355010A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-19
申请号：US201761
申请日：1980-10-29
IPC分类号： B01D53/46 , C01B25/027 , B01D53/34 , C01B25/12
CPC分类号： B01D53/46 , C01B25/027
摘要： Phosphorus in vapor form and phosphanes are separated from gas mixtures which consist of carbon monoxide, with or without hydrogen, nitrogen and steam. Concerned are more particularly the off-gases of phosphorus-producing furnaces. To this end, the gas mixture is admixed with at least the stoichiometric amount of oxygen and/or of oxygen-containing gases necessary to achieve conversion of the total phosphorus contained in the gas mixture to oxidation level V. The resulting mixture is introduced into a reaction zone maintained at a temperature within the range 200.degree. to 700.degree. C. and allowed to remain therein over a period of 0.5 to 20 seconds. Resulting phosphorus-V compounds are finally separated from the gas mixture.
摘要翻译： 蒸气形式的磷和磷烷与由一氧化碳，有或没有氢气，氮气和蒸汽组成的气体混合物分离。 更关心的是生产磷的炉的废气。 为此，将气体混合物与至少化学计量的氧和/或含氧气体混合，以使气体混合物中所含的总磷转化为氧化水平V.将所得混合物引入到 反应区保持在200℃至700℃的温度范围内，并允许其在0.5至20秒的时间内保留。 最终从气体混合物中分离所得的磷-V化合物。
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公开(公告)号：US5221527A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-22
申请号：US715489
申请日：1991-06-14
IPC分类号： C01B21/072
CPC分类号： C01B21/0726 , C01P2004/51 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2006/12
摘要： For producing finely disperse aluminum nitride by reacting hydroxides of aluminum with carbon in a molar ratio of (1:1.5) to (1:2.5), the hydroxides of aluminum are intensively ground together with carbon, in particular carbon black, using a non-aqueous grinding fluid. After the non-aqueous grinding fluid has been separated off from the suspension, the ground material obtained is calcined at 400.degree. to 1000.degree. C., while passing nitrogen through. The material obtained is then treated under intensive contact with nitrogen for 1 to 100 hours at 1400.degree. to 1700.degree. C., before the excess carbon contained in the reaction product is removed by heating to 500.degree. to 900.degree. C. in contact with oxygen-containing gases.The hydroxides of aluminum and the carbon can also be intensively ground separately from one another, using a non-aqueous grinding fluid, and the suspensions obtained can be mixed.
摘要翻译： 为了通过使铝的氢氧化物与摩尔比为（1:1.5）至（1:2.5）的碳反应来生产精细分散的氮化铝，铝的氢氧化物与碳（特别是炭黑）一起用非 - 水性研磨液。 将非水性研磨液与悬浮液分离后，将得到的研磨材料在400〜1000℃下煅烧，同时通过氮气。 然后将得到的材料在1400℃至1700℃下与氮气密切接触处理1至100小时，然后通过加热至与氧接触的500℃至900℃除去反应产物中所含的过量碳。 含气体。 铝和碳的氢氧化物也可以使用非水性研磨液彼此分开地集中研磨，并且可以混合获得的悬浮液。
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公开(公告)号：US4530769A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-23
申请号：US479965
申请日：1983-03-29
CPC分类号： C09C1/487 , C01P2006/12
摘要： The disclosure relates to a process for the discontinuous separation of a solid consisting predominantly of carbon black from its aqueous suspension by filtration. To this end, the disclosure provides for use to be made of a tube pressure filter which is operated under a final pressure of 30 to 100 bars.
摘要翻译： 本公开涉及通过过滤从其水悬浮液中主要由炭黑组成的固体的不连续分离的方法。 为此，本公开提供了用于在30至100巴的最终压力下操作的管式压力过滤器的使用。
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5.发明授权Process for producing tubular molded parts of high temperature superconductor material 失效生产高温超导体材料的管状模制件的工艺
公开(公告)号：US5371068A
公开(公告)日：1994-12-06
申请号：US47609
申请日：1993-04-14
IPC分类号： C01G1/00 , B22D13/02 , B28B21/30 , C01G29/00 , C04B35/00 , C04B35/45 , C04B35/653 , C04B41/80 , H01L39/24 , H01L39/12
CPC分类号： C04B35/4521 , B22D13/02 , B28B21/30 , C04B35/653 , H01L39/2419
摘要： To produce tubular molded parts made of high-temperature superconductor oxide material based on bismuth, calcium, strontium and copper, a homogeneous melt of the oxide with a specified stoichiometry is allowed to run at temperatures of 900.degree. to 1100.degree. C. into a casting zone rotating about its horizontal axis. The solidified molded part is removed from the casting zone and it is annealed for 4 to 150 hours at 700.degree. to 900.degree. C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere. A plant for producing tubular molded parts includes a rotatably arranged mold (4, 9) which is provided at least at one end face with a front plate 6 which reduces its free cross section, a runner 7 extending into the interior of the mold (4, 9) and a crucible 8 arranged above the runner 7 which is capable of feeding the runner 7 with melt (cf. FIG. 2 A).
摘要翻译： 为了生产由基于铋，钙，锶和铜的高温超导体氧化物材料制成的管状模制部件，使具有特定化学计量的氧化物的均匀熔体在900至1100℃的温度下进入铸造 区域围绕其水平轴线旋转。 将凝固的模制件从铸造区域中取出，并在含氧气氛中在700-900℃退火4至150小时。 用于生产管状模制件的设备包括可旋转地布置的模具（4,9），其至少在一个端面处设置有前板6，其减小其自由横截面;延伸到模具（4）内部的流道7 ，9）和布置在流道7上方的坩埚8，坩埚8能够将流道7熔化（参见图2A）。
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6.发明授权Apparatus for improving the degree of graphitization of carbon black, and its use 失效用于提高炭黑石墨化程度的设备及其用途
公开(公告)号：US4601887A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-22
申请号：US428947
申请日：1982-09-30
CPC分类号： C09C1/56 , C01P2006/12
摘要： The invention relates to improving the degree of graphitization of carbon black produced by subjecting hydrocarbons which are liquid or gaseous under normal conditions to a thermal conversion reaction in the presence of oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas and steam, if desired, at temperatures of 1200.degree. to 2000.degree. C. and pressures of 1 to 80 bars. To this end, the carbon black is conveyed downwardly in a quasi-fluid state, within 1 to 5 hours through a sojourn zone in upright position, the sojourn zone being maintained at a temperature of at least 1200.degree. C.The invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out this process, the apparatus comprising a graphite tube; a steel container concentrically surrounding the graphite tube; a feed pipe penetrating into the interior of the graphite tube; a water-cooled discharge means; and a nitrogen feed inlet arranged below the lower end of the graphite tube; the space left between the graphite tube and steel container being occupied by insulating material.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过在氧气或含氧气体和蒸汽的存在下，在正常条件下对液态或气态烃进行热转化反应，如果需要，在1200℃的温度下，提高炭黑的石墨化程度 DEG至2000℃，压力为1至80巴。 为此，炭黑在准流体状态下通过直立位置的居住区域在1至5小时内向下输送，住宅区域保持在至少1200℃的温度。本发明涉及一种 用于执行该处理的装置，该装置包括石墨管; 围绕石墨管的钢制容器; 进料管穿入石墨管的内部; 水冷式排放装置; 以及配置在所述石墨管的下端下方的氮气进料口; 石墨管和钢容器之间留下的空间被绝缘材料占据。
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7.发明授权Process of conductive carbon black for use in depolarization masses in dry batteries 失效用于干电池去极化质量的导电炭黑的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4061719A
公开(公告)日：1977-12-06
申请号：US674575
申请日：1976-04-07
CPC分类号： C09C1/56 , H01M4/625 , C01P2006/10 , C01P2006/12 , C01P2006/40
摘要： Conductive carbon black for use in depolarization masses in dry batteries is produced. To this end, an aqueous suspension of carbon black having an AS-number higher than 15 and having been obtained by subjecting hydrocarbons, which are liquid at room temperature, to thermal conversion at 1200.degree.-2000.degree. C, under 1-80 atmospheres, and in the presence of oxygen or oxygen-containing gas and, if desired, steam, and water-scrubbing the resulting carbon black-containing reaction gas, is intimately mixed at 5.degree.-120.degree. C, under 1-20 atmospheres, in liquid phase and for 1-20 minutes with 0.5-10 g, per gram of carbon black, of vaporizable aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, the resulting carbon black is separated from the liquid phase, heated and thereby freed from hydrocarbons and water, and the temperature is finally increased for 2-30 minutes to 1100.degree.-2200.degree. C.
摘要翻译： 制造用于干电池中去极化团块的导电炭黑。 为此，在1-80大气压下，通过使在室温下液体的烃在1200〜2000℃下热转化得到的AS值高于15的炭黑的水性悬浮液， 在氧气或含氧气体的存在下，如果需要，蒸汽和水洗涤所得含炭黑反应气体，在5°-120℃，在1-20个大气压下，在液体中充分混合 相和1-20分钟，每克炭黑为0.5-10克，可汽化的脂族或脂环族烃，所得的炭黑与液相分离，加热，从而从碳氢化合物和水中除去，温度为 最后增加2-30分钟至1100°-2200℃
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