摘要:
By using reactive shaped charges, a dynamic underbalance effect associated with detonation of a perforating system is enhanced without compromising shot density. Fewer shaped charges can be loaded to achieve the same or better effective shot density as a gun fully loaded with conventional shaped charges, thereby increasing the free volume within the gun while creating debris-free tunnels with fractured tips and substantially eliminating the crushed zone surrounding each perforated tunnel. Further, the strength and grade of gun steel required to construct the gun can be reduced without compromising the amount the gun swells following detonation.
摘要:
Disclosed is a casing conveyed perforating apparatus and method for externally perforating a wellbore casing. The perforating apparatus is attached to the outside of the casing and is conveyed along with the casing when it is inserted into the wellbore. The perforation is accomplished using two groups of charges, which are contained in protective pressure chambers. Each pressure chamber is positioned radially around the outside of the wellbore casing. The pressure chambers form longitudinally extending ribs, which conveniently serve to center the casing within the wellbore. One group of charges is aimed inward in order to perforate the casing. A second group is aimed outward in order to perforate the formation. In an alternative embodiment, only one group of bi-directional charges is provided.
摘要:
A rotating spin top device for creating rotational force for a spin top includes a shell. The shell has a radius being a length between a center of the shell and an exterior surface of the shell. The shell has a cavity where a ball is nested within. The ball has a radius being a length between a center of the ball and an exterior surface of the ball. A length from the center of the ball to a center of the cavity defines a distance when the ball is positioned at an end of a pair of ends of the cavity. The radius of the ball and the radius of the shell are relative to the distance whereby defining a proportion. The proportion creates the rotational movement of the rotating spin top device.
摘要:
A connectorized fiber optic communications cable can comprise a section rated for indoor service and a section rated for outdoor service. A continuous optical fiber can extend through the indoor-rated section and the outdoor-rated section, for example from an outdoor-rated connector on the outdoor-rated section to an indoor-rated connector on the indoor-rated section. The cable can be installed via feeding the section rated for indoor service through a hole in a building, such as a home, to a communication or computing device within the building. The section rated for outdoor service can be buried underground and extended to another communication or computing device located outside the building.
摘要:
An apparatus for perforating a casing string including a first module and a second module, each including a gun assembly. The first module is positioned longitudinally adjacent the second module on the casing string. Each module contains a firing assembly for igniting the gun assembly in the first module, a remote signaler to remotely detonate the firing assembly, and ballistic transfer assembly for igniting the gun assembly in the second module. The ballistic transfer assembly includes a booster charge.
摘要:
Disclosed is a casing conveyed perforating system and methods for externally perforating a wellbore and casing. The perforating system is attached to the outside of the casing and is conveyed along with the casing when it is inserted into the wellbore. The perforation may be accomplished using two groups of charges, which are contained in protective pressure chambers, however, may use only one group of bi-directional charges. Each pressure chamber may be positioned radially around the outside of the wellbore casing. The pressure chambers form longitudinally extending ribs, which conveniently serve to center the casing within the wellbore. One group of charges may be aimed inward in order to perforate the casing, while the other group of charges is aimed outward in order to perforate the formation.
摘要:
Disclosed is a device and method for externally perforating a well-bore casing. The perforating apparatus is attached to the outside of the casing itself and is conveyed along with the casing when it is inserted into the well bore. The perforation is accomplished using two groups of charges which are contained in protective pressure chambers which are arranged radially around the outside of the wellbore casing. The pressure chambers form longitudinally extending ribs which conveniently serve to center the casing within the well bore. One group of charges is aimed inward in order to perforate the casing. A second group is aimed outward in order to perforate the formation. In an alternative embodiment, only one group of bi-directional charges is provided.
摘要:
Apparatus for electrolytically treating containers comprising a cell assembly having a cell wall surrounding a mandrel and a lid cooperating with the mandrel and cell wall to form a cavity for the reception of a container, conduit means for introducing an electrolyte into said cavity, and the conduit means including selectively operable port means for(a) conducting electrolyte through said cavity such that only the outside surface of the container can be electrolytically treated and(b) for conducting electrolyte through said cavity such that only the inside surface of the container can be electrolytically treated and(c) for conducting electrolyte through said cavity such that both the inside and outside surfaces of the container can be simultaneously electrolytically treated.
摘要:
An electrical lock for vehicular ignition systems having adapters that are irremovably interposed between a predetermined number of spark plug cable receptacles and their distributor contacts. The adapters being of two types, a normally open contact type and a normally closed contact type, the normally open contact-type adapter having a spring-loaded solenoid which is activated by an electric key closing an electric circuit to direct current to the solenoid to overcome the spring and close the adapter permitting current to flow from the ignition system battery through the distributor contacts through the spark plug cable to the individual spark plug of the vehicular engine for its operation. The normally closed contact-type adapter has a spring-loaded solenoid which permits electric current to flow from the battery, through the distributor contacts, through the spark plug cable, to the individual spark plug of the vehicular engine. The normally closed contact-type adapter is not effected by the electric key. In the event the electric circuit of the normally closed adapter is tampered with, to cause current to flow to its solenoid, it will activate it to overcome the spring and open the adapter thus preventing current from flowing to the spark plug.
摘要:
A computer cable shroud and air diffuser for efficiently utilizing conditioned air and for minimizing the loss of air circulation directed to a computer, having a square lower floor section or air diffuser tile juxtaposed to a plurality of floor tiles forming a floor slab or platform on which a computer is supported and at which location underfloor conditioned air is supplied. The shroud and air diffuser includes a rectangular upper section or air supply collar having openings enclosed by removable tabs whereby the unit is versatile in that a number of these tabs may be removed to direct conditioned air to desired predetermined locations of the computer and further including a plastic ribbon shroud for encircling cables directed from under the platform through the shroud and air diffuser to the computer which ribbon shroud is of a material which is pliable to take the configuration of the cables and can be hardened in said configuration and further being of the same material as the rectangular upper section of the diffuser for plastic bond to said upper section thereby preventing escape of conditioned air to undesirable locations of the computer to prevent waste of the conditioned air.